Monsoon Change in East Asia in the 21st Century: Results of RegCM3

The authors investigate monsoon change in East Asia in the 21st century under the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario using the results of a regional climate model, RegCM3, with a high horizontal resolution. First, the authors evaluate the model’s performance compared with NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, showing that the model can reliably reproduce the basic climatology of both winter and summer monsoons over East Asia. Next, it is found that the winter monsoon in East Asia would slightly weaken in the 21st century with spatial differences. Over northern East China, anomalous southerly winds would dominate in the mid-and late-21st century because the zonal land-sea thermal contrast is expected to become smaller, due to a stronger warming trend over land than over ocean. However, the intensity of the summer monsoon in East Asia shows a statistically significant upward trend over this century because the zonal land-sea thermal contrast between East Asia and the western North Pacific would become larger, which, in turn, would lead to larger sea level pressure gradients throughout East Asia and extending to the adjacent ocean.     

A New Approach to Improve the Cluster-based Parallel Processing Efficiency of High-Resolution Remotely Sensed Image

Object-oriented remotely sensed images processing method has been accepted by more and more experts of remote sensing. To advance the efficiency of data processing, parallel image computing is a good choice since large volumes of data need be analyzed efficiently and rapidly. This paper presents the information extraction method based on per-parcel extraction of high-resolution remotely sensed image; to extract efficiently different information from remotely sensed image, this paper gives the research idea of image rough-classification based on large-scale and subtle-segmentation based on small-scale; to improve the efficiency of image processing, we adapt parallel computing method to solve this problem by presenting an new data-partition method. At last this paper gives the implementation of the research idea based on Message Passing Interface (MPI) and analyzes our experimental system efficiency, and the results show that the new methods can improve the efficiency of high-resolution remotely sensed image data processing efficiently and have a good application.     

不分比例尺数字化地形图管理技术和方法的研究

不分比例尺数字化地形图管理的宗旨是方便、快捷、高效地存储和管理数字地形图。通过分析大比例尺数字地形图存储更新管理现状,对不分比例尺数字化地形图管理的依据、原理、处理流程、技术方案等进行论述,并结合研究实例阐述不分比例尺数字化地形图管理技术和方法的有效性。     

A globally applicable, season-specific model for estimating the weighted mean temperature of the atmosphere

In GPS meteorology, the weighted mean temperature is usually obtained by using a linear function of the surface temperature T _s. However, not every GPS station can measure the surface temperature. The current study explores the characteristics of surface temperature and weighted mean temperature based on the global pressure and temperature model (GPT) and the Bevis T _m–T _s relationship (T _m =?a?+?bT _s). A new global weighted mean temperature (GWMT) model has been built which directly uses three-dimensional coordinates and day of the year to calculate the weighted mean temperature. The data of year 2005–2009 from 135 radiosonde stations provided by the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive were used to calculate the model coefficients, which have been validated through examples. The result shows that the GWMT model is generally better than the existing liner models in most areas according to the statistic indexes (namely, mean absolute error and root mean square). Then we calculated precipitable water vapor, and the result shows that GWMT model can also yield high precision PWV.     

基于摄影测量的宁夏明长城资源调查

长城是中华民族的象征,是世界上规模最大的文化遗产。但近年来长城却面临着严重的人为破坏和自然破坏的威胁,特别是人为破坏日益加剧。为进一步加强长城保护管理工作,实施宁夏境内明长城资源调查项目,开展明长城基础地理信息数据生产、明长城专题要素数据采集、测量明长城长度、制作明长城专题影像图等工作。     

基于KanqGIS的河南省林业资源综合管理系统设计与应用

针对目前我国林业资源管理分散、数据格式不统一、现有系统无法兼容等现象,在国家林业信息化政策的推动下,本文以河南省林业信息化建设为研究对象,采用KanqGIS平台建设河南省林业资源综合管理系统,实现林业数据处理自动化、林业办公网上自动化和林业信息共享发布。     

基于BP神经网络的地质灾害细网格预报模型

地质灾害成因复杂,其中以气象因素、地质地貌因素引发的地质灾害最为常见.以金华地区为例,通过对金华市地质地貌条件及其对地质灾害点的调查,将全区划分为4个地质灾害隐患风险等级的网格区域.在此基础上利用金华中尺度气象资料,采用BP神经网络模型,建立地质灾害细网格预报模型,对该模型进行模拟和预报试验.结果表明,合理的隐患风险等级分区能使预报模型更符合科学规律,而采用分布较细的中尺度资料作为预报因子能进一步提高预报精度.模型的预报结果达到一定的可信度,为防灾减灾工作提供了科学依据.     

台风“卡努”的数值模拟与非对称结构的分析

热带气旋登陆过程中受到浅海区大陆架和海岸地形的影响,其结构将发生突变.本文用MM5模式模拟了0515号台风"卡努"登陆浙江的过程,表明MM5模式能很好地模拟出台风路径及其主要雨带.在结构上,登陆后主要完成了从基本对称的垂直分布到东西非对称分布的转换.在热力场方面,登陆后的相当位温、相对湿度、水汽通量散度都比登陆前更加有利于暴雨的发生,登陆后的东西两侧也演变为不对称的分布,东侧的水汽比西侧更充沛,同时东侧的大气层结更加不稳定.     

辽宁中尺度数值模式产品和 T213产品对比检验分析

利用国家级的气象预报产品质量客观检验评价系统,对辽宁中尺度模式预报MM5和T213数值预报的结果分别进行检验分析.检验类型分为历史资料检验和实时资料检验,检验要素包括地面降水、气温和高空500 hPa环流.检验结果显示,对于降水、气温的预报MM5模式预报检验结果优于T213数值预报,而对于500 hPa环流的检验结果T213更可信.     

从MODIS资料提取土壤湿度信息的主成分分析方法

沿袭了遥感地物分类中K-L变换思想, 以归一化处理后的遥感数据, 结合地面土壤湿度观测数据, 应用主成分分析方法, 采用MODIS不同红外波段数据, 通过相关关系计算, 在监测结果中融合MODIS具有250 m分辨率的第2波段数据, 建立了青海省多维特征空间土壤湿度监测模型。模型的建立克服了热惯量法监测干旱需多时相遥感数据的缺陷, 经初步检验, 此模型可以在一定精度范围之内监测表层土壤湿度, 具有业务应用潜力。