滇中城市群产业演进研究

滇中城市群作为云南省优先开发区,其产业结构近年来一直处于"二、三、一"的演进状态。在剖析滇中城市群经济发展及产业结构时空演进特征的基础上,运用以结构多元化系数和区位熵为主要指标体系的关联分析方法,对滇中城市群现代化进程中城市产业结构演进状态进行评价,并提出滇中城市群产业结构优化调整的对策建议,以期为滇中城市群经济的稳定发展和功能区划的演进提供有益借鉴。     

基于“污染天堂”假说检验的湖南经济增长与环境综合质量关系研究

选取湖南省1990-2010年经济增长、对外贸易以及环境综合质量的时间序列数据,建立经济增长与环境污染水平的计量模型,检验湖南省环境综合质量的变动轨迹.结果表明:研究期内,湖南省环境污染的变动轨迹大致呈底部平滑的正“U”型曲线,由于湖南经济增长对环境始终存在负的规模效应与正的技术效应,环境曲线的变动轨迹主要取决于经济增长的结构效应,因此,实现产业结构的升级,合理配制轻重工业的比重,在经济增长与环境效益中寻求平衡,是湖南改善环境质量与经济发展关系的关键;此外,无论从FDI还是出口贸易的角度来看,“污染天堂”假说在湖南均不成立.     

DEM resolution dependencies of terrain attributes across a landscape

This paper documents resolution dependencies in terrain analysis and describes how they vary across landform location. Six terrain attributes were evaluated as a function of DEM resolution—slope, plan curvature, profile curvature, north–south slope orientation, east–west slope orientation, and topographic wetness index. The research highlights the effect of varying spatial resolution through a spatial sampling/resampling scheme while maintaining sets of indexed sample points at various resolutions. Tested sample points therefore coincide exactly between two directly compared resolutions in terms of their location and elevation value. An unsupervised landform classification procedure based on statistical clustering algorithms was employed to define landform classes in a reproducible manner. Correlation and regression analyses identified sensitive and consistent responses for each attribute as resolution was changed, although the tested terrain attributes responded in characteristically different ways. These responses displayed distinguishable patterns among various landform classes, a conclusion that was further verified by a series of two‐sample, two‐tailed t‐tests.     

A spatial cognition-based urban building clustering approach and its applications

This article presents a spatial cognition analysis technique for automated urban building clustering based on urban morphology and Gestalt theory. The proximity graph is selected to present the urban mrphology. The proximity graph considers the local adjacency among buildings, providing a large degree of freedom in object displacement and aggregation. Then, three principles of Gestalt theories, proximity, similarity, and common directions, are considered to extract potential Gestalt building clusters. Next, the Gestalt features are further characterized with seven indicators, that is, area difference, height difference, similarity difference, orientation difference, linear arrangement difference, interval difference, and oblique degree of arrangement. A support vector machine (SVM)-based approach is employed to extract the Gestalt building clusters. This approach transforms the Gestalt cluster extraction into a supervised discrimination process. The method presents a generalized approach for clustering buildings of a given street block into groups, while maintaining the spatial pattern and adjacency of buildings during the displacement operation. In applications of urban building generalization and three-dimensional (3D) urban panoramic-like view, the method presented in this article adequately preserves the spatial patterns, distributions, and arrangements of urban buildings. Moreover, the final 3D panoramic-like views ensure the accurate appearance of important features and landscapes.     

The morphological characteristics of glacial deposits during the Last Glaciation, taking the Parlung Zangbo River Basin as an example

Moraine morphology is a valuable indicator of climate change. The glacial deposits of ten valleys were selected in the Parlung Zangbo River Basin, southeastern Tibetan Plateau, to study the glacial characteristics of the Last Glaciation and the climate change processes as revealed by these moraines. Investigation revealed that a huge moraine ridge was formed by ancient glacier in the Marine Isotope Stage 2 （MIS2）, and this main moraine ridge indicates the longest sustained and stable climate. There are at least two smaller moraine ridges that are external extensions of or located at the bottom of the main moraine ridge, indicating that the climate of the glacial stage before MIS2 was severer but the duration was relatively shorter. This distribution may reflect the climate of MIS4 or MIS3b. The glacial valleys show multi-channel, small-scale moraine ridges between the contemporary glacial tongue and the main moraine ridge. Some of these multi-channel mo- raine ridges might be recessional moraine, indicating the significant glacial advance during the Younger Dryas or the Heinrich event. The moraine ridges of the Neoglaciation and the Little Ice Age are near the ends of the contemporary glaciers. Using high-precision system dating, we can fairly well reconstruct the pattern of climate change by studying the shape, extent, and scale characteristics of glacial deposits in southeastern Tibet. This is valuable research to understand the relationship between regional and global climate change.     

轮古西奥陶系潜山洞穴型岩溶储层发育特征与充填规律

洞穴型岩溶储层是塔里木盆地轮古油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的主要储集空间类型,多数高效井均钻遇大型洞穴型岩溶储层。依据轮古西奥陶系潜山大量单井资料分析,洞穴型岩溶储层可分为充填洞穴、半充填洞穴和未充填洞穴三种类型。结合古地貌精细刻画与岩溶垂向分带成果,认为古地貌位置由岩溶台地向岩溶缓坡和岩溶盆地逐渐降低,而洞穴发育和充填程度在逐渐增高。未充填与半充填洞穴主要发育在岩溶台地和岩溶缓坡的溶峰边坡、溶丘边坡及沟槽谷洼地边坡等地貌单元。表层岩溶带、径流溶蚀带洞穴型岩溶储层发育频率最高,其次为垂直渗滤带和潜流溶蚀带。未充填与半充填洞穴型岩溶储层主要发育在表层岩溶带。     

Relations between density of earthquake-damaged trace and environmental factors in seismic intensity: a case study in Wenchuan County, China

Many studies have been designed to assess seismic hazard and to improve post-earthquake damage evaluation models. Compared with previous studies, the research attempted to solve the problems of the effectiveness differences of seismic intensity on density of Earthquake-damaged trace (D _e) and established the appropriate models for D _e in different scale of seismic intensity. D _e as a relative value reduced the influence of area on earthquake-damaged trace. The research will provide the necessary scientific support to fast post-earthquake damage assessment and modeling. By utilizing GIS, RS and field investigation data, the spatial distribution characteristic of earthquake-damaged traces was analyzed. Effective factors including seismic intensity, distance to rivers and slope were identified through PCA. Specifically, seismic intensity was identified as the key factor. The inherent relations between D _e and seismic intensity, D _e and distance to rivers in seismic intensity, and D _e and slope in seismic intensity were modeled by regression analysis. The results demonstrated that both earthquake energy and D _e have attenuation characteristics. There is a significant positive correlation between D _e and seismic intensity (the pearson correlation is 0.917). That is, the higher the seismic intensity, the greater the D _e was. The erosion of river leads to steep slope, which is in favor of the formation of mountain hazards. D _e showed the decreasing tendency with the increasing distance to river. With the increase of slope, the D _e gradually became stronger. For distance to river, the largest changing rate of D _e appeared on seismic intensity XI, but for slope, the largest changing rate of D _e appeared on seismic intensity X.     

Late cretaceous tectonic change of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau — results from multisystem thermochronology

Partially due to lack of structural and sedimentary records to constrain the Jurassic-to-Cretaceous evolution, there was a missing process here in the eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau as it changed from the Paleo-Tethyan to Neo-Tethyan regime. Based on the analysis of 125 thermochronology ages (U/Pb, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹A, ⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr, FT, U-Th/He) of igneous rocks from the eastern margin of Tibet, we propose a multisystem thermochronology approach to restore the cooling and emplacement of granites and decipher the missing process. Our integrated study suggests that a key Late Cretaceous (about 100Ma) tectonic change from the Paleo-Tethyan to Neo-Tethyan regime took place there. In the Late Triassic period, the initial emplacement of granite in the Songpan-Ganzi Fold Belt (SGFB) was characterized by a decrease in emplacement age and depth from west to east, and from north to south. Subsequently, all were followed by a very long period of slow cooling, which was followed by a rapid emplacement of about 100Ma. The intensive granite emplacement took place all over except northeastern SGFB, with a decrease in emplacement depth from west to east, which was linked with the far-field effect of Lhasa-Qiangtang collision. After this episode, the cooling history of granite in SGFB had a rapid emplacement on the subsurface under the control of the Neo-Tethyan regime. This process has control of the post Late Cretaceous regional magmatic activity and tectonics, as well as the sedimentary response in Sichuan and Xichang basin.     

基于自动气象站业务软件的外挂软件开发

《地面气象测报业务系统软件》(2004)开发至2012年已经修改多次并不断地完善,但编报过程中各个要素之间的相关检查的辅助提示功能不够完善,目前也没有相应的足够完善的外挂提示软件的推广应用,导致一些最基础的要素之间的检查都需要人工判断,如果不细心很容易导致错误。针对这个情况,下面将介绍能够检查编报过程中各个要素的外挂软件的开发过程(OSSMO V3.019)。