气象通信数据多维模型构建及OLAP应用初探

气象通信系统是国内和国际气象资料传输与交换的枢纽。为了从宏观上掌握气象通信系统资料的传输情况,有效管理数据、优化和梳理业务流程,根据通信系统数据量大、流程复杂、数据异构等特点,文章基于数据仓库技术构建气象通信数据的多维模型,为长时间序列的通信数据存储和分析提供解决方案。利用SQL Server Analy-sis Service,采用实时业务系统的真实数据展开多维数据模型构建的试验,在此基础上对多维模型进行了联机分析处理(OLAP),验证了多维模型在数据分析和展现方面的优势。     

2020年“8.11”四川芦山极端强降水特征及成因分析

利用地面观测降水、FY2G卫星云图、多普勒雷达数据和ERA-interim再分析资料,对2020年8月11日雅安芦山极端强降水的动力、热力、水汽输送等异常特征进行分析,探究了此次极端强降水的成因,并构建了强降水概念模型。结果表明：此次极端强降水发生在南亚高压脊线北抬、高原低槽东移加强的过程中,具有累计雨量大、突发性强、集中度高等极端性特征,槽前强盛的正涡度平流造成深厚的上升运动,边界层侵入弱冷空气和深厚的湿对流,致使降水效率偏高且强度偏大。边界层辐合线在高温高湿的环境中触发强不稳定能量,中尺度对流系统在弱的环境风条件下稳定少动,芦山上游对流单体“列车效应”导致强辐合的稳定维持,以及对流层中低层偏东风与山脉正交产生的地形增幅作用,共同导致了此次远超历史极值的极端强降水发生发展。     

Expansion of the South China Sea basin: Constraints from magnetic anomaly stripes,sea floor topography,satellite gravity and submarine geothermics

The widely distributed E–W-trending magnetic anomaly stripes in the central basin and the N–E-trending magnetic anomaly stripes in the southwest sub-basin provide the most important evidence for Neogene expansion of the South China Sea. The expansion mechanism remains, however, controversial because of the lack of direct drilling data, non-systematic marine magnetic survey data, and irregular magnetic anomaly stripes with two obvious directions. For example, researchers have inferred different ages and episodes of expansion for the central basin and southwest sub-basin. Major controversy centers on the order of basinal expansion and the mechanism of expansion for the entire South China Sea basin. This study attempts to constrain these problems from a comprehensive analysis of the seafloor topography, magnetic anomaly stripes, regional aeromagnetic data, satellite gravity, and submarine geothermics. The mapped seafloor terrain shows that the central basin is a north-south rectangle that is relatively shallow with many seamounts, whereas the southwest sub-basin is wide in northeast, gradually narrows to the southwest, and is relatively deeper with fewer seamounts. Many magnetic anomaly stripes are present in the central basin with variable dimensions and directions that are dominantly EW-trending, followed by the NE-, NW- and NS-trending. Conversely such stripes are few in the southwest sub-basin and mainly NE-trending. Regional magnetic data suggest that the NW-trending Ailaoshan-Red River fault extends into the South China Sea, links with the central fault zone in the South China Sea, which extends further southward to Reed Tablemount. Satellite gravity data show that both the central basin and southwest sub-basin are composed of oceanic crust. The Changlong seamount is particularly visible in the southwest sub-basin and extends eastward to the Zhenbei seamount. Also a low gravity anomaly zone coincides with the central fault zone in the sub-basin. The submarine geothermic distribution demonstrates that the southwest sub-basin has a higher geothermal value than the central basin, and that the central fault zone is defined by a low thermal anomaly. This study suggests that NW–SE expansion of the southwest subbasin is later than the N–S expansion of the central basin with the sub-basin extending into the central basin and with both expansions ending at the same time. The expansion of southwestern sub-basin, similar to the Japanese Sea, is likely caused by left-lateral strike slip on the central fault zone in the South China Sea, which may have significance for finding oil and gas in this region.     

地磁Z分量日变形态畸变与周边低点位移异常关系初探

通过对2010年1月1日至2011年12月31日期间中国大陆地磁低点位移异常数据及蒙城地震台地磁垂直分量日变形态畸变统计,按低点位移分界线到蒙城地震台的距离,分段探讨该台地磁垂直分量日变形态畸变与其周边低点位移异常的关系.     

边坡稳定验算中全面搜索的一种新方法

提出圆弧滑动法中一种新的搜索方法———三向搜索法。圆弧滑动法可以利用其共性而不局限于一些经验假设,在坡顶线及其下部各道坡线间都存在一个安全系数最小的圆弧,针对这些圆弧的寻找,给出了具体办法,并给出几个计算实例。     

地震海啸的激发与传播

本文围绕海啸的激发和传播两个方面简述了有限矩形源产生的地表形变场、浅水波浪理论和Boussinesq方程等基本理论,讨论了震源参数对海啸传播的影响,比较分析了海啸的数值模拟方法,介绍了我国地震海啸的研究进展等。     

春、秋季南黄海浮游纤毛虫丰度及生物量的分布差异

Seasonal variation of marine plankton spatial distribution is important in understanding the biological processes in the ocean.In this study,we studied spatial distribution of planktonic ciliate abundance and biomass in the central deep area(station depth greater than 60 m) and the coastal shallow area(station depth less than 60 m) of the southern Yellow Sea(32°–36.5°N,121°–125°E) in spring(April) and autumn(October–November) of 2006.Our results showed that both ciliate abundance and biomass in the surface waters were higher in spring((1 490±2 336)ind./L;(4.11±7.81) μg/L) than in autumn((972±823) ind./L;(1.11±1.18) μg/L,calculated by carbon).Ciliate abundance and biomass in the surface waters of the coastal shallow area were similar in spring and autumn.However,in the central deep area,those values were much higher in spring((1 878±2 893) ind./L;(5.99±10.10)μg/L) than in autumn((738±373) ind./L;(0.74±0.76) μg/L).High values of ciliate abundance and biomass occurred in the central deep area in spring and in the coastal shallow area in autumn.Mixotrophic ciliate Laboea strobila was abundant in the central deep area in spring,when a phytoplankton bloom occurred.However,in autumn,L.strobila was abundant in the coastal shallow area.Boreal tintinnid Ptychocyli obtusa was found in spring.Both L.strobila and P.obtusa were concentrated in the surface waters when their abundance was more than 1 000 ind./L.Peaks of these species were in the subsurface waters when their abundance was less than 400 ind./L.This study showed that both high abundance and biomass of ciliates occurred in different areas in southern Yellow Sea seasonally.     

抚松饮用水水源保护区水资源特征分析

本文通过对抚松饮用水水源保护区地理环境、区域地质和水文地质的介绍,分析了保护区内矿泉水的赋存与形成条件、矿泉水类型和分布特征,在此基础上对区内矿泉水的水化学特征和资源量进行了概要评价。为进一步研究保护区内天然矿泉水资源、保护水资源免受污染及防治水源地遭受生态破坏提供了科学依据,也为有效利用矿泉水资源、促进地方经济持续健康发展起到积极的作用。     

唐山余震活动的分期分区特征

本文研宄唐山余震活动时空分布特征,提出唐山余震活动可以分为四个时期和三个余震活动亚区。文中讨论了这一分布特征与震源区地质构造、深部结构以及主震前后地面形变特征的关系。最后指出,主震后应力场的重新分布以及膨胀-流体流动理论可以作为唐山余震成因的一种物理解释。     

云南镍矿地质特征及找矿前景

云南硫化镍矿以铂钯矿的伴生镍为主,主要分布在大理-弥渡、金平、元谋-永仁-牟定;硅酸镍主要在墨江-元江,蛇绿混杂岩型硫化物镍矿,是云南一大特色。与成矿有关的主要是华力西期,次为加里东期岩体,其产出与深大断裂有关。找矿方向应应以富宁、金平及景东东山-红河底玛为主攻目标。