鄂霍次克海东南部OS03-1岩心重矿物分布特征及物质来源

对鄂霍次克海东南部科学院隆起区OS03-1岩心碎屑重矿物及火山灰层进行了详细分析。岩心重矿物以紫苏辉石、绿帘石和普通角闪石为主,特征矿物为钛磁铁矿和普通辉石,矿物特征表明本岩心的物质主要来源于冰筏搬运(陆源)和火山喷发。陆源物质大部分来源于鄂霍次克海西部和北部地区,少量来自堪察加半岛冰川携带沉积物;火山物质则来源于堪察加半岛和千岛群岛的火山喷发产物。在岩心中识别出3个火山灰层,各种证据表明火山灰层1与已知的K2火山灰层相同,形成年代为26ka BP;火山灰层3具有明显火山物质与陆源物质混合特征,而火山灰层2则只能通过碎屑矿物的含量特征来判定,外在颜色不明显,已经明显的被陆源物质所稀释。研究表明,碎屑矿物组分参数可以有效地指示物质来源,也是识别火山灰层存在(特别是被陆源物质稀释)的可靠指标。     

基于主成分和BP神经网络的智利竹筴鱼渔场预报模型研究

东南太平洋智利竹筴鱼Trachurus murphyi是我国大型拖网渔船队的重要捕捞对象。准确预报中心渔场是提高渔业生产能力的重要工作。本文根据2003—2009年我国船队在东南太平洋海域捕捞智利竹筴鱼的渔捞日志数据,结合海洋遥感获得的海表温度(SST)和海面高度(SSH)等海洋环境因子,利用主成分和BP神经网络方法对智利竹筴鱼中心渔场预报模型进行了研究。研究利用主成分分析法(PCA)得到累计贡献率在90%以上样本的主成分,综合考虑模型测试的精度与速度,基于原始样本和经PCA处理后的主成分分别建立了BP模型,其最优BP模型结构分别为5∶10∶1和3∶7∶1。研究结果表明,经PCA处理后的主成分所建立的BP神经网络模型在训练结果和测试结果上均要优于用原始样本建立的BP神经网络模型,两者的预报准确率分别为67%和60%。     

Modeling and Simulation of Supercavity with Inertial Force in the Horizontal Curvilinear Motion简

To make a curvilinear motion in the horizontal plane is one of the most contents for realizing the maneuverability of the supercavitating vehicle. It is significant to achieve the controllability and maneuverability of the vehicle in three dimensions both theoretically and practically on research. Models of angle of attack, gravity and inertial force effects on the supercavity in the horizontal curvilinear motion are established, respectively. The supercavity is simulated based on these models in combination with Logvinovich model and the unsteady gas-leakage rate model at the given ventilation rate, and the effect of the inertial force on it is analyzed numerically. Results show that the maximum deviation of the center line of the cross section of supercavity towards the outward normal direction of its trajectory increases as the cavitation number or curvature radius decrease and always occur in the tail because of the increase of inertial effects along the axis of supercavity from the cavitator when other models and flow parameters are constant for the given trajectory curvature. For the variable curvature, the supercavity sheds due to its instability caused by the time-varying angle of attack. The deviation increases along the length of supercavity if the curvature remains the same sign.     

Numerical prediction of hydrodynamic forces on a ship passing through a lock

While passing through a lock, a ship usually undergoes a steady forward motion at low speed. Owing to the size restriction of lock chamber, the shallow water and bank effects on the hydrodynamic forces acting on the ship may be remarkable, which may have an adverse effect on navigation safety. However, the complicated hydrodynamics is not yet fully understood. This paper focuses on the hydrodynamic forces acting on a ship passing through a lock. The unsteady viscous flow and hydrodynamic forces are calculated by applying an unsteady RANS code with a RNG k-ε turbulence model. User-defined function(UDF) is compiled to define the ship motion. Meanwhile, the grid regeneration is dealt with by using the dynamic mesh method and sliding interface technique. Numerical study is carried out for a bulk carrier ship passing through the Pierre Vandamme Lock in Zeebrugge at the model scale. The proposed method is validated by comparing the numerical results with the data of captive model tests. By analyzing the numerical results obtained at different speeds, water depths and eccentricities, the influences of speed, water depth and eccentricity on the hydrodynamic forces are illustrated. The numerical method proposed in this paper can qualitatively predict the ship-lock hydrodynamic interaction. It can provide certain guidance on the manoeuvring and control of ships passing through a lock.     

广东地区后汛期降水集中度和集中期特征

利用广东省23个台站1961—2006年后汛期（7—9月）逐候的降水资料,计算了降水集中度和集中期,并讨论了其时空分布特征和变化规律。结果表明,降水集中度和集中期能够表征降水量在时空场上的变化,降水集中度和集中期EOF的第1特征向量表现出一致的上升趋势,呈现东北—西南向分布,第2特征向量变化特征呈东西向反向分布。广东地区后汛期降水集中度呈逐年微弱下降趋势,并在年代际和年季尺度上存在不同的周期变化。广东地区降水集中度分布不均,在广东中部多水年的集中度大于少水年,多水年集中期要小于少水年。环流场的分析表明,集中度的高值年,1000 hPa5、00 hPa上我国北方均易受高压控制,存在高度场的正距平中心,同时高压易于南伸,与南方暖湿空气交汇,容易导致强降水。     

全国省级测震台网共享数据整合分析

阐述全国省级测震台网共享数据中地震目录数据整合的基本原则、工作流程、整合平台建设,以及对整合数据的分析认识.以6个省级台网1996年、2006年、2008年3年数据为例,从台网子台分布、单组定位事件和多组定位事件的发震时刻、震中位置、震级对比等几方面做分析.     

Crustal and Upper-Mantle Seismic Reflectors beneath the Three Gorges Reservoir Region

Seismic studies of the crustal structure beneath the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) region in Central China have been limited by the sparse and uneven distribution of seismic stations.To in-crease the station coverage,we made three deployments of a mobile seismologic array in the TGR re-gion during the three summers from 2008 to 2010.Here we present interpretations along a west-east profile through the central TGR region based on new seismic waveform data and a velocity model con-strained by regional earthquak...     

A 3-D time-domain coupled model for nonlinear waves acting on a box-shaped ship fixed in a harbor

A 3-D time-domain numerical coupled model is developed to obtain an efficient method for nonlinear waves acting on a box-shaped ship fixed in a harbor. The domain is divided into the inner domain and the outer domain. The inner domain is the area beneath the ship and the flow is described by the simplified Euler equations. The remaining area is the outer domain and the flow is defined by the higher-order Boussinesq equations in order to consider the nonlinearity of the wave motions. Along the interface boundaries between the inner domain and the outer domain, the volume flux is assumed to be continuous and the wave pressures are equal. Relevant physical experiment is conducted to validate the present model and it is shown that the numerical results agree with the experimental data. Compared the coupled model with the flow in the inner domain governed by the Laplace equation, the present coupled model is more efficient and its solution procedure is simpler, which is particularly useful for the study on the effect of the nonlinear waves acting on a fixed box-shaped ship in a large harbor.     

Spatial distribution of wave overtopping water behind coastal structures

Spatial distribution of random wave overtopping water behind coastal structures was investigated using a numerical model based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes solver (RANS) and Volume of Fluid (VOF) surface capturing scheme (RANS-VOF). The computed spatial distributions of wave overtopping water behind the structure agree well with the measurements by Pullen et al (2008) for a vertical wall and Lykke Andersen and Burcharth (2006) for a 1:2 sea dike. A semi-analytical model was derived to relate spatial distribution of wave overtopping water behind coastal structures to landward ground level, velocity and layer thickness on the crest. This semi-analytical model agrees reasonably well with both numerical model results and measurements close to coastal structures. Our numerical model results suggest that the proportion of wave overtopping water passing a landward location increases with a seaward slope when it is less than 1:3 and decreases with a seaward slope when it gets steeper. The proportion of wave overtopping water passing a landward location increases with landward ground level and overtopping discharge. It also increases with the product of incident wave height and wavelength, but decreases with increasing relative structure freeboard and crest width. We also found that the extent of hazard area due to wave overtopping is significantly reduced by using a permeable structure crown. Findings in this study will enable engineers to establish the extent of hazard zones due to wave overtopping behind coastal structures.