长江经济带经济-环境协调发展格局及演变

通过经济与环境系统的协调发展度评估,分析了长江经济带经济环境协调发展的时空演变格局,并对经济带经济发展、环境污染与环境质量的格局与态势展开探讨。研究表明：经济带协调发展度空间差异显著,东部地区明显大于中西部地区,沿江地区高于非沿江地区。高度协调型主要分布在长三角地区及少数中西部省会城市;高度失调型主要分布在重庆、皖北、滇西南、鄂中等地区;江西与四川是协调型转为失调型的集中地区。长三角核心城市经济地位依然凸显,但长三角边缘地区城市经济位序呈下降趋势,中西部地区部分城市经济位序上升明显。工业废水排放以重庆、苏州、杭州为最多,工业SO₂排放呈现3大集中地带。城市空气质量较差的是长三角边缘地区以及中西部沿江地区,城市空气质量总体上与工业SO₂排放、工业烟尘排放在空间格局上较为吻合。长江干流断面水质上游（川滇渝）与下游（苏沪）较差,一定程度上反映了沿江地区工业废水排放对长江水质的影响。最后,从树立发展与保护双重使命,创新经济带开发体制机制;推进下游城市经济转型升级,培育中上游新的经济增长极;落实最严格的管理制度,共建生态文明示范带等方面提出发展建议。     

2001~2013年中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络分析

采用社会网络的分析方法分析了“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络的基本特征以及贸易网络组团的结构变化,贸易网络的核心边缘及其演化情况,并在最后对中国与东南亚国家的子贸易网络进行了核心边缘分析。结果表明：“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络密度增强,中国在“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络中的核心度在逐渐提高,在2013年已经成为最核心的国家,且在中国与东南亚国家构成的子贸易网络中,中国也成为了最核心的国家。     

Liquid water path retrieval using the lowest frequency channels of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fengyun-3C</Emphasis> Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI)

The Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) on board Chinese Fengyun-3 (FY-3) satellites provides measurements at 10.65, 18.7, 23.8, 36.5, and 89.0 GHz with both horizontal and vertical polarization channels. Brightness temperature measurements of those channels with their central frequencies higher than 19 GHz from satellite-based microwave imager radiometers had traditionally been used to retrieve cloud liquid water path (LWP) over ocean. The results show that the lowest frequency channels are the most appropriate for retrieving LWP when its values are large. Therefore, a modified LWP retrieval algorithm is developed for retrieving LWP of different magnitudes involving not only the high frequency channels but also the lowest frequency channels of FY-3 MWRI. The theoretical estimates of the LWP retrieval errors are between 0.11 and 0.06 mm for 10.65- and 18.7-GHz channels and between 0.02 and 0.04 mm for 36.5- and 89.0-GHz channels. It is also shown that the brightness temperature observations at 10.65 GHz can be utilized to better retrieve the LWP greater than 3 mm in the eyewall region of Super Typhoon Neoguri (2014). The spiral structure of clouds within and around Typhoon Neoguri can be well captured by combining the LWP retrievals from different frequency channels.     

波浪水槽中非线性浅水波传播特性与模拟

通过建立解析解、进行数值模拟和物理实验，研究了波浪水槽中非线性浅水波浪传播特性，给出了数值模拟中对应造波板做正弦运动的二阶入射边界条件。数值模拟采用高阶Boussinesq方程。实验结果、数值结果和解析解进行对比，并讨论了解析解的适用范围、高次谐波的产生及三波相互作用问题。     

脉冲激励式多路传感器接口电路

本文介绍的脉冲激励式多路传感器接口电路，在一个等幅脉冲源对多路传感器激励的同时，用一个由串行DAC和比较器组成的逐位逼近ADC。受控于87C51单片机，完成多路信道的数字化，作者已完成的12位ADC，由一个5V脉冲源激励C、T、D、pH、DO、Ref等传感器，每30s一次8路扫描。该电路简单、经济，特别适合于需要交流激励的水质传感器及水质检测。     

Study of non-linear wave motions and wave forces on ship sections against vertical quay in a harbor

The resonance phenomenon of fluid motions in the gap between ship section, seabed and vertical quay wall is studied numerically and experimentally. The natural frequency of the fluid motions in the gap is derived. A two-dimensional time-domain coupled numerical model is developed to calculate the non-linear wave forces acting on a ship section against vertical quay in a harbor. The fluid domain is divided into an inner domain and an outer domain. The outer domain is the area between the left side of ship section and the incident boundary, where flow is expressed by Boussinesq equations. The rest area is the inner domain, which is the domain beneath the ship section plus the domain between the right side of ship section and vertical quay wall. The flow in the inner domain is expressed by Newton's Second Law. Matching conditions on the interface between the inner domain and the outer domain are the continuation of volume flux and the equality of pressures. The numerical results are validated by experimental data.     

反厄尔尼诺事件的个例分析

根据“中美热带西太平洋海-气相互作用联合考察”1—8航次考察资料、美国NOAA、日本气象厅及我国国家气象中心气候资料室提供的SST、水位和风场等资料,对1988—1989年反厄尔尼诺事件(La Nina)形成及发展过程和热带西太平洋海洋上层热结构的相互变化作了综合分析。文章指出在La Nina事件期间,热带太平洋的海、气参数均发生了相应的变化。热带西太平洋温跃层及热含量(0—150m)作出的响应,显示出当La Nina增强时,温跃层下降,热含量增加;La Nina盛期时,温跃层最深,热含量最大;La Nina减弱时,温跃层上升,热含量减小。它们与厄尔尼诺事件(El Nino)的关系则恰好相反。     

闽江口溶解态镉、铜、铅的行为及其与营养盐的关系

研究了１９９０年６月和１０月闽江口溶解态镉、铜、铅的行为及其与营养盐的关系。结果表明，在６月和１０月镉呈添加行为，铜呈保守行为，而铅呈除去行为、镉的添加主要源自浮游生物碎屑的再矿化作用，而铅的去除受非生物无机过程控制。     

黄海、渤海水温垂直结构数值预报方法研究 Ⅱ．准三维数值预报模式

本文根据黄渤海海区水温资料建立了无维深度η和无维温度θＴ以及相应的水温垂直剖面的相似函数θＴ＝ｆ（η）。在此基础上，设：上均匀层厚度ｈ＝ｈ（ｘ，ｙ，ｔ）、表层水温ＴＳ＝ＴＳ（ｘ，ｙ，ｔ）、上均匀层以下的温度ＴＺ＝ＹＺ（ＹＺ（ｘ，ｙ，ｚ，）、底层温度ＴＨ＝（ｘ，ｙ，ｔ）、流速分量ｕ＝ｕ（ｘ，ｙ，ｔ）和ｖ＝ｖ（ｘ，ｙ，ｔ）及海面起伏ξ＝ξ（ｘ，ｙ，ｔ），提出了水温垂直结构的准三维数值预报模式。模式的求解是用“ＡＤＩ”和“ＨＮ”法进行。文中引列了预报时效为４ｄ的试报结果，效果是令人满意的。