渤中凹陷中生界火山岩储层裂隙发育程度实验研究：以安山岩为例

渤海湾盆地中生界火山岩发育广泛,但含油气性横向变化较大,失利井较多,勘探风险大,了解火山岩潜山储层内部裂隙发育程度及规律可为中生界火山岩潜山勘探提供理论依据。本文选取中生界安山岩,开展不同构造环境下岩石微裂隙发育程度实验,分析安山岩在不同应力状态下微裂隙发育规模、频率以及微裂隙空间分布,探讨张性和压性构造应力环境下中生界火山岩微裂隙发育能力及空间展布规律。实验结果表明：安山岩在压性和张性环境下均有微裂隙发育;安山岩在较低的压应力作用下产生大量微裂隙,微裂隙发育规模不随应力增大而升高,其原因可能是安山岩本身含有大量先存构造缝、溶蚀缝和溶蚀孔,受较小的应力后“再活化”产生微裂隙;结合渤中凹陷的构造演化过程,安山岩经历了燕山早期北东向压扭、中期伸展, 燕山晚期右旋压扭及喜山期伸展,导致其内部裂隙较为发育,其运储能力提升,具备成为优质储层的基本条件。     

辽东湾葵花岛构造区浅层气分布特征、成因探讨及工程影响

揭示了葵花岛构造区浅层气规模小、埋藏浅、分布散、压力低、储层松散等分布特点,根据沉积环境和地质特征,推测浅层气为生物甲烷气,但并不完全排除是热生甲烷次生气藏的可能性,探讨了浅层气潜在的工程危害并提出相应防治措施,为今后海洋工程建设提供科学依据。     

可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)胚胎及幼虫发育研究

采用人工授精的方法获得受精卵,在人工培育条件下观察了可口革囊星虫胚胎及幼虫发育过程及其盐度和pH对胚胎发育的影响,探究可口革囊星虫胚胎及幼虫发育规律.结果表明,可口革囊星虫胚胎及幼虫发育过程为:受精卵→卵裂→囊胚→原肠胚→担抡幼虫→海球幼虫→稚虫.在水温28-29℃、盐度23、pH 8.1-8.2条件下,受精后7h 1...     

海岛礁光学和雷达影像基于改进非子采样小波变换的自动配准

Homologous feature point extraction is a key problem in the optical and synthetic aperture radar （SAR） image registration for islands. A new feature point extraction method using a threshold shrink operator and non-subsampled wavelet transform （TSO-NSWT） for optical and SAR image registration was proposed. Moreover, the matching for this proposed feature was different from the traditional feature matching strategies and was performed using a similarity measure computed from neighborhood circles in low-frequency bands. Then, a number of reliably matched couples with even distributions were obtained, which assured the accuracy of the registration. Application of the proposed algorithm to SPOT-5 （multi-spectral） and YG-1 （SAR） images showed that a large number of accurately matched couples could be identified. Additionally, both of the root mean square error （RMSE） patterns of the registration parameters computed based on the TSO-NSWT algorithm and traditional NSWT algorithm were analyzed and compared, which further demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The algorithm can supply the crucial step for island image registration and island recognition.     

Wall effect of underwater explosion load based on wave motion theories

Owing to the existence of the flow field boundary, the shock wave load near the boundary is different from the freefield shock wave load. In the present paper, the hull plate load subjected to underwater shock wave is investigated based onwave motion theories; in addition, the experimental study of the hull plate load is carried out. According to the theoreticalanalysis of the hull plate pressure, we find that the hull plate pressure oscillates repeatedly and decays rapidly with timepassing, the maximum hull plate pressure is 2/（1＋n） times the maximum free field pressure, where n is the ratio ofimpedance, and the impulse is much smaller than the free field impulse. Compared with the experimental study, thetheoretical results agree well with the experimental data.     

中华绒螯蟹人工半咸水工厂化育苗试验研究报告

在盐度为14—19‰的人工海水中,温度20—25℃条件下,189只平均体重100g的抱卵亲蟹产蚤状幼体4025万只。布苗密度为50—100万只/m~3为宜。必须经常换水,保持水质良好。人工饵料以单胞藻和丰年虫无节幼体为主,可适当加喂蛋黄。     

基于光合有效辐射的西北太平洋柔鱼资源丰度和空间分布变动研究

光合有效辐射(PAR)对于海洋初级生产力具有显著的调控作用,会间接影响到头足类的资源丰度和渔场分布。本文根据2006−2015年上海海洋大学鱿钓科学技术组提供的柔鱼鱿钓数据和光合有效辐射卫星遥感数据,研究了光合有效辐射与西北太平洋柔鱼种群的关系,并评估了异常环境条件下光合有效辐射对柔鱼的影响。结果发现,柔鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)、渔场纬度重心、PAR,及其空间分布均具有显著的月间变化。7−11月各月适宜PAR范围分别为36～39 E/(m²·d)、33～36 E/(m²·d)、24～27 E/(m²·d)、18 E/(m²·d)和12 E/(m²·d),最适宜PAR值分别为36 E/(m²·d)、33 E/(m²·d)、27 E/(m²·d)、18 E/(m²·d)和12 E/(m²·d)。此外,CPUE与PAR有显著正相关关系(p<0.05),且CPUE与各月适宜PAR范围占渔场比例也呈显著正相关(p<0.05);同时渔场纬度重心随各月最适PAR平均纬度变化而变化。在异常环境条件下,拉尼娜年份CPUE值比厄尔尼诺年份高,该年份PAR值异常增高可能是导致柔鱼资源丰度增加的因素之一。研究表明,光合有效辐射对于西北太平洋柔鱼资源丰度和空间分布具有显著影响。     

海洋环流模式中不同近似假设下的海表高度

Boussinesq近似是现代海洋环流模式中经常采用的假设，但随着海洋模式的不断发展完善以及气候研究应用的需要，有必要估算Boussinesq近似造成的模式误差。分别利用一个非Boussinesq近似的海洋模式与另一个结构相同且采用Boussinesq近似的模式计算海表高度，并同时利用模式预报的温度、盐度资料计算了比容异常高度。分析结果显示，这3种不同定义的海表高度无论空间结构，还是时间演变，都基本类似，尤其在热带海区最接近，差值≤1cm。Boussinesq近似意味着在模式中以体积守恒代替质量守恒，通常的做法是对其进行简单的质量补偿来保持质量守恒。比较说明，以质量补偿方法进行的高度订正对减小Boussinesq近似带来的误差没有本质的意义。     

桶形基础平台三维有限元稳定性分析

以我国第一座桶形基础采油平台工程实例为原型，采用三维有限元计算方法对桶形基础稳定性分析。平台在波浪、风等荷载作用下，其稳定性不仅与平台的整体结构有关，而且与桶形基础及其周围土体相互作用相关。在计算中，利用薄层摩擦单元模拟土与结构间的相互作用，取得了很好的效果。分析结果表明桶形基础采油平台在设计条件下运行是较为稳定的。     

Fatigue Behavior of Plain Concrete Under Biaxial Compression: Experiments and Theoretical Model

The effects of different lateral confinement stress on the fatigue behavior of and cumulative damage to plain concrete are investigated experimentally. Eighty 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm specimens of ordinary strength concrete are tested under constant- or variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure in two orthogonal directions. A fatigue equation is developed by modifying the classical Aas-Jakobsen S-N equation for taking into account the effect of the confined stress on fatigue strength of plain concrete. The results of variable-amplitude fatigue tests indicate that the linear damage theory proposed by Palmgren and Miner is unreasonable in the biaxial stress state. A nonlinear cumulative damage model that could model the effects of the magnitude and sequence of variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure is proposed on the basis of the evolution laws of the residual strains in the longitudinal direction during fatigue tests. The residual fatigue life predic