常见小波的尺度进制求解算法与程序

基于小波变换的稳定性函数来研究尺度进制的算法。用母波的频谱函数来构造出尺度进制为任意进制时的稳定性函数,根据稳定性函数计算小波框架的边界、紧致度和收敛因子,最后由框架参数值进一步计算得到尺度进制范围。结果表明,此范围有效地缓解了小波变换的稳定性和冗余性之间的矛盾。     

PGIS支持下的警务信息地图位置采集方式探讨

随着PGIS平台在全国公安机关的广泛推广和深入应用,迫切需要将已有MIS业务系统与PGIS实现整合,而其中最为重要的就是如何实现基于PGIS的警务业务信息空间化问题.本文即以南京市公安局相关信息系统为例,对PGIS支持下的警务信息空间位置采集方式进行了探讨.对警务业务系统中相关信息的空间位置采集方式进行了流程设计、数据...     

基于GIS的宜昌市近50年来气温与降水时空演变规律研究

基于ArcGIS的Spatial Analyst Tools反距离加权平均方法,对宜昌市7个站点1960-2009年气温和降水日数据进行时空演变规律分析和空间化展示,结果表明:(1)宜昌市近50年年均气温为16.26℃,1977-2009年变化较为剧烈,各区均呈增温态势;代际变化与总体变化趋势相同,自20世纪80年代后...     

少数民族生态移民绩效分析——以疏勒河项目区为例

着眼于微观家庭对生态移民绩效的判断,从经济、生活和社会关系多角度进行考察.以疏勒河项目区少数民族移民定居点的家庭调查为样本,构造了包括5项二级指标和21项三级指标的影响因素指标体系,进行logit 回归模型分析;利用模糊DEA方法进行绩效综合评价.认为提高少数民族生态移民绩效必须满足多样性的自愿移民家庭需求;逐步使移民工作由扶贫开发的特殊轨道纳入到区域社会经济发展规划的正常轨道;重视为移民提供安全、心理和社交方面的保障;加强基础设施建设,多渠道提供资金支持.     

浅析地名的地域性

地名是人们对不同方位、范围的地理实体赋予的专有名称,与人类的生产、生活息息相关,具有特殊性与地域性。对地名地域性的研究不仅能帮助我们识记、运用地名,还能弘扬地域文化特色,推动区域可持续发展。本文从地理学的角度,对整个国家的自然、人文地理因素进行分类,并举例展现我国各地区的地名地域文化。同时,根据这一地名命名原则,对山东省各市、县区的地名作了一定程度的探讨,并与广东省进行简单的比较,进一步反映出地名地域性在各地区的共同性与特殊性。此外从政策、品牌、老地名、居民等层面提出了规范地名管理的建议。     

Coastal Wetlands of China: Changes from the 1970s to 2007 Based on a New Wetland Classification System

A new classification of coastal wetlands along the coast of China has been generated that is compatible with the Ramsar Convention of 1971. The coastal wetlands have been divided into two broad categories with overall nine subcategories. On this basis, a series of coastal wetland maps, together covering the coast of mainland China, have been produced based on topographic maps acquired in the 1970s and satellite images acquired in 2007. These document substantial wetland losses over this period. In the 1970s, the total coastal wetland area in China was 5.76?×?10⁴?km², whereas in 2007, it was 5.36?×?10⁴?km², indicating a loss of 7 %. Over this approximately 40-year period, the area of natural coastal wetlands decreased from 5.74?×?10⁴ to 5.09?×?10⁴?km², while that of artificial coastal wetlands increased from 240 to 2,740 km². Due to shoreline and sea-level changes, newly formed coastal wetlands amounted to 2,460 km², while coastal wetland loss amounted to 6,310 km² in the period from the 1970s to 2007. When excluding shallow coastal waters (depths between 0 and ?5 m), nearly 16 % of Chinese coastal wetlands have been lost between the 1970s and 2007.     

Characteristics of atmospheric dust deposition in snow on Glacier No. 4, Mt Bogeda, China

Wind-blown mineral dust derived from the crustal surface is an important atmospheric component affecting the Earth’s radiation budget. Deposition of dust particles was measured in snow on the Glacier No. 4, Mt Bogeda, in the eastern Tian Shan, China. The mean number concentration of dust particles with 0.57 < d < 26 μm in the snowpack is 279 × 10³ mL^?1, with a mean mass concentration of 1,480 μg kg^?1. Dust number size distribution showed the dominant particles with d < 2 μm, while volume size distribution showed single-modal structures having volume median diameters from 3 to 25 μm. Results were compared with the data from other sites in the Tian Shan and various northern hemisphere sites. A backward trajectory model was also employed to examine the transport process of dust particles in this region. Most of the air mass originated from the southern and northwestern regions, e.g., the Taklimakan and Gurbantunggut deserts in springtime, during the Asian dust period, which may bring plentiful aerosol dust particles from the sandy deserts. Transport of dust from western Chinese deserts to adjacent mountains is in agreement with a growing body of evidence on the importance of dust inputs to alpine regions.     

The spatial variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity in an intermittent river, northwestern China

Streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity (K) plays an important role in river water and groundwater interaction. The K at the ten transects (Ts1–Ts10) at the Donghe River (an intermittent river) in the Ejina Basin, northwestern China, was measured to investigate its spatial variation. Based on the sediment characteristics and vertical hydraulic conductivity of the riverbed, the entire riverbed of the Donghe River could be divided arbitrarily into two parts: an upper part (starting at Ts1 and ending at Ts9, without an obvious and continuous clogging layer) and a lower part (the remaining riverbed, with an obvious and continuous clogging layer). In the upper part, although the K varied with depth within the 0–30 cm layer, the variability with depth could be ignored in practice. The arithmetic mean K of the upper part ranged from 12 to 27.6 m/day, three orders of magnitude larger than that of the lower part (0.06 m/day). The change of K along the river cross section was significant, and larger values of K often occurred in the parts of the channels with greater water depth. However, there were no consistent patterns of the variability of K at transects across the river, which was influenced by the variation in streambed characteristics. The results could be useful for the estimation of groundwater recharge from river and groundwater resources evaluation in the Ejina Basin.     

连续闭合钢箱接头地下连续墙施工技术

目前许多深基坑工程对于超深地下连续墙的刚度及防渗性能要求较高。在分析传统常用的接头形式在施工过程中存在问题的基础上,提出了一套行之有效的施工方法——连续闭合钢箱接头。详细介绍了连续闭合钢箱接头地下连接墙施工技术及其施工效果。     

扬子地台西缘富碱斑岩的岩石地球化学特征及找矿前景

扬子地台西缘富碱斑岩带以往只有为数不多的中-小型斑岩铜钼矿和中-大型铅矿床, 近年发现了较多的大、中、小型金(银)矿床, 预示该区有较好的找矿前景。本文系统收集和分析前人研究成果, 总结归纳该区带富碱斑岩的岩石学、岩石化学、岩石蚀变、稀土元素配分、包裹体地球化学、稳定同位素及含矿与非含矿富碱斑岩区别等特征, 认为该区带富碱斑岩主要由富碱花岗斑岩类和碱性正长斑岩类组成, 为喜马拉雅早中期的浅成-超浅成侵入体, 岩石的Si2O含量偏低, 富碱高钾, 与澳大利亚“A”型花岗岩相似; 岩体间稀土总量、轻重稀土元素比值及δEu值基本近似, 稀土元素组成模式曲线均为向右陡倾斜的平滑曲线, 显示成岩成矿物质来源于上地幔与下地壳, 两类富碱斑岩的岩浆演化和成因具有同一性。通常在岩体规模较小、形态复杂、碱质相应偏低, 富含Cu、Mo、Pb、Zn、Au、Ag等矿化元素和Li、Rb、Cs等稀土碱金属元素, 蚀变类型多、蚀变较强、分带好, 稀土元素(ΣREE)总量偏高的岩体中, 有望找到大型的Cu、Mo、Pb、Zn、Au、Ag矿床。