攀西地区重力均衡异常的研究

研究表明,康滇地轴及其东部地区属均衡补偿平衡区,西部属强烈上升的异常区。上升的原动力为板块碰撞的构造力与均衡调整力的综合。     

气压变化对石英弹簧重力仪读数的影响

根据我们在低压仓中对国产ZSM—Ⅲ型(简称Z)、美国Wodnre(简称W)及加拿大Scintrex CG—2型(简称C)8台重力仪进行气压实验的结果,气压变化和重力仪读数呈极好的线性关系,但每台仪器有不同的回归系数,因此在以地震预报为目的的高精度重力测量中,应该对野外观测的结果进行气压改正。用高差所建立的重力基线场的数值是否准确有进一步考虑的必要。     

银武高速公路同心至固原段边坡面蚀试验分析

为研究高速公路边坡面蚀,选择银武高速公路同心至固原段固原立交2.5 km范围作为研究区段,根据不同公路边坡类型和防治措施设置6个观测小区,采用插钎法测定坡面的面蚀量,同时由虹吸式自记雨量计记录降雨量。分别测定和计算了降雨量、降雨历时、平均降雨强度、前期降雨量4个因子。分析结果表明,降雨对坡面面蚀的制约关系十分明显。影响面蚀量的主要降雨因子是降雨量和平均降雨强度,面蚀量与降雨量和平均降雨强度呈现极显著和显著的正相关关系,面蚀量与降雨因子中的前期降雨量呈现一定的负相关关系。采用强迫引入法,建立了面蚀量与降雨因子主成分的回归方程。     

Paleoenvironment evolution of the East Philippine Sea recorded in the new-type ferromanganese crust since the terminal Late Miocene

From systemic research of microstructure, geochemistry, uranium-series and 10Be isotope dating on a new-type deepwater ferromanganese crust from the East Philippine Sea, the paleoenvironment evolu-tion of the target area since the terminal Late Miocene was recovered. The vertical section changes of microstructure and chemical composition are consistent in the studied crust, which indicate three major accretion periods and corresponding paleoenvironment evolution of the crust. The bottom crust zone was formed in the terminal Late Miocene (5.6 Ma) with loose microstructure, high detritus content and high growth rate. Reductions of mineral element content, accretion rate and positive Ce-anomaly degree at 4.6 Ma indicate temporal warming, which went against the crust accretion and finally formed an accretion gap in the terminal Middle Pliocene (2.8―2.7 Ma). The more active Antarctic bottom sea-waters in the Late Pliocene (2.7 Ma) facilitated the fast transfer to the top pure crust zone. Hereafter, with the further apart of volcanic source and the keeping increase of eolian material (1.0 Ma), although surrounding conditions were still favorable, mineral element content still shows an obvious reducing trend. It thereby offers new carrier and data for the unclear paleoceanographic research of the target area since the terminal Late Miocene.     

节水灌溉与农业面源污染控制研究--以新疆焉耆盆地为例

针对我国北方农业面源污染面积大、分布广、控制难的问题，通过分析新疆焉耆盆地水资源利用现状、潜水位动态、农田排水特征，认为大水漫灌不仅浪费水资源，造成肥料流失，降低产量，而且污染水体，导致土壤次生盐渍化；提出了推广节水灌溉、合理开发利用水资源、控制农业面源污染、综合治理环境的有效途径。     

地质环境系统的概念与特征——以洞庭湖区地质环境系统为例

地质环境系统是对人类经济技术活动作出共同响应的一定范围内地质环境的有机整体 ,是复杂的人工自然复合系统。文中以洞庭湖区防洪减灾为例 ,探讨了地质环境系统的概念、特征与研究思路。地质环境系统具有边界不确定性 ,影响传递的远距性与滞后性 ,系统行为的取向性、不确定性、难控性与反直观性 ,系统的社会性与共享性。因此 ,必须从成生、发展的角度 ,对其进行多学科综合研究 ,把握自然状态下系统演变的固有规律 ,分析叠加人为活动后系统结构、功能的变化及其机制。顺应自然、约束自然与人类自身 ,是建立人与自然相互协调的优化地质环境系统的根本原则。     

古吉黑造山带拼接带地球物理特征线

吉黑造山带拼接带的地球物理特征线，在重磁图上为伊通-吉昌-桦甸、贤儒-安图-开山屯一线。它分割了两种截然不同的地球物理场区，与两侧中元古宙-早三叠世不同的地质发育历史相呼应；和石炭-二叠系安哥拉与华夏植物地球区系的界线相一致。这是有别于前人而为更多新的地质资料所支持的新认识。     

中国数字化地震观测系统

介绍了中国地震局“九五”重点项目中国数字化地震观测系统，特别重点介绍了中国数字化地震台网、国家标准数字化地震台、中国地震局卫星数据通信网、中国数字地震台网中心的建设规模、设计思路、技术参数、设备结构、服务功能，以及中国数字地震台网的运行流程和运行状况。     

Timing and magnitude of displacement on the Altyn Tagh fault: constraints from stratigraphic correlation of adjoining Tarim and Qaidam basins, NW China

The Altyn Tagh fault plays an important role in growth of the north-western Tibetan plateau, but the timing of its inception and magnitude of left-lateral displacement are not well constrained. This study provides new independent constraints by correlating stratigraphic development and spatial distribution of the neighbouring Tarim and Qaidam basins. It is shown that the Tarim and Qaidam basins experienced quite similar stratigraphic and sedimentary evolution from late Sinian to early Palaeogene times. This fact indicates that the Tarim and Qaidam basins were a single block, at least until Oligocene time, which was then offset by the Altyn Tagh fault. Early Palaeozoic and Late Triassic suture zones within the East and West Kunlun and pinch-outs of Mesozoic strata are chosen as piercing lines. Restoration of these lines gives total offset estimates of ˜ 350–400 km across the south-western and central segments of the Altyn Tagh fault.