EFFECT OF FLOW CONDITIONS ON 3D MOVEMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTICLES

1 INTRODUCTION The mechanism of particle movement in the flow is one of basic problems of sediment transport research. The conventional measurement approaches usually disturb the structure of the flow, consequently inducing errors. With the development of…     

Relationships between δ18O in summer precipitation and temperature and moisture trajectories at Muztagata, western China

Based on summer observations of stable isotope of precipitation at Muztagata, western China, during 2002―2003, this paper presents the relationship between δ18O in precipitation and air temperature, and discusses the effect of moisture transport on δ18O in precipitation. Results show that air temperature correlates positively with δ18O in precipitation, and the temperature effect controls the δ18O of precipitation in this area. The Muztagata region exhibits high δ18O values in summer precipitation, similar to those shown at stations in adjacent regions. According to the results of our model set up to trace the moisture trajectories, the westerlies and local moisture circulation contribute to variations of oxygen isotopes in precipitation. In addition, the impacts of the moisture transport distance, the moisture transport level, and the incursion of the polar air mass also influence the variations of δ18O in precipitation. The moisture origins and transport mechanisms also contribute to the variation of δ18O in precipitation at Muztagata.     

EXPERIMENTS OF A REDUCED GRID IN LASG/IAPWORLD OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS (OGCMs)

Due to the decrease in grid size associated with the convergence of meridians toward the poles in spherical coordinates, the time steps in many global climate models with finite-difference method are restricted to be unpleasantly small. To overcome the problem, a reduced grid is introduced to LASG/IAP world ocean general circulation models. The reduced grid is implemented successfully in the coarser resolutions version model L30T63 at first. Then, it is carried out in the improved version model LICOM with finer resolutions. In the experiment with model L30T63, under time step unchanged though, execution time per single model run is shortened significantly owing to the decrease of grid number and filtering execution in high latitudes. Results from additional experiments with L30T63 show that the time step of integration can be quadrupled at most in reduced grid with refinement ratio 3. In the experiment with model LICOM and with the model’s original time step unchanged, the model covered area is extended to the whole globe from its original case with the grid point of North Pole considered as an isolated island and the results of experiment are shown to be acceptable.     

华北平原冬麦田土壤CH4的吸收特征研究

利用静态箱/气相色谱(GC)法,对华北平原冬小麦拔节-成熟期间麦田土壤CH₄气体通量进行了测定,得出华北平原典型冬麦田土壤是大气CH₄的弱吸收汇。试验期间土壤CH₄通量存在明显的季节变化和日变化,麦田拔节-成熟期间土壤CH₄通量日平均值为-18.3μg·m^-2·h^-1,波动范围为-4.3-24.4μg·m^-2·h^-1;在土壤CH₄通量的日变化中,观测到麦田土壤在午间和夜间都有一个吸收峰,峰值出现的时间因生育期不同而有所不同。试验期间CH₄通量日平均值与土壤温度关系不明显,而与土壤水分呈负相关(α=0.01);日变化中土壤CH₄通量与地表温度的相关性较差,而与5cm地温相关密切。麦田拔节-成熟期间土壤CH₄通量日平均值随NH4+-N施用量的增加呈递减规律,农田秸秆还田后不利于土壤对CH₄的吸收。     

Element diffusion ability in metasomatic agents and its effect on chemical characteristics of metasomatized peridotites

The partial melting and metasomatism are two most important geological processes of changing chemical compositions of mantle. Extracting partial melt from primitive mantle leads residual mantle to deplete in- compatible elements, whereas the metasomatism …     

西藏阿里札达盆地早更新世早期沉积及其古气候与古环境变化

综合分析了西藏阿里札达盆地早更新世早期的多种与气候环境变化密切相关的地质记录，结果表明该区早更新世早期的沉积可划分为3种不同的沉积相和4个岩性段；古气候与古环境变化可划分为4个阶段：（1）2．68-2．45Ma。为冲洪积相沉积。冻融褶皱开始出现，植被以乔木为主，主要为松、藜、蒿，属山地寒温气候；（2）2．45-2．11Ma，为冲洪积相，地层中冻融褶皱多呈扭曲状，草本植物迅速上升，显示出灌木草原气候特征，气候变得凉爽干燥；（3）2．11-1．49Ma，沉积相为冲洪积相-冰缘沉积相，以冰缘沉积相为主，冻融褶皱层开始增多，出现了喜凉的介形类化石。草本植物数量和种类达到最大，灌木也相对增加，显示气候进一步趋于干旱；（4）1．49-1．36Ma，为冰湖沉积相。地层中普遍出现冻融褶皱，喜凉的介形类化石丰度很高，草本植物有小幅下降，但蕨类植物增加幅度较大，显示了干冷草原气候特征。气候干旱寒冷。     

铜矿资源进口区域评价与决策优化研究

我国铜矿资源的供给能力有限,而其消费需求又在持续扩张,为此导致进口量在逐年递增。根据近几年的统计,我国进口国外铜矿资源产品具有相对稳定的区域分布。对这些区域的进口环境做了初步的评价,筛选出了最为理想的进口靶区。为了以最少的外汇支出换取到我国所需要进口的铜矿资源,并为贸易决策提供支持依据,作者就其进口决策优化方面做了一些分析。     

2O世纪冶金地质化探工作十大创新成果

文章总结了20世纪冶金地质化探工作中的10项有创新、并取得显著找矿效果的成果：找金矿盲矿体的构造叠加晕模式、汞气测量和热释汞测量寻找隐伏矿床、典型有色金属矿床地球化学异常模式研究、中国主要类型金矿找矿模型研究、胶东金矿带盲矿预测的原生地球化学专家系统、包裹体气晕、离子晕及其叠加晕找金新方法、脉钨矿床的“三环一帽式”地球化学异常模式、应用卤素找盲矿和土壤热释卤素新方法、建立优质锰矿床的地球化学找矿模型、区带化探找贵金属及有色金属矿产。     

高精度磁测技术在铬铁矿勘探中的应用效果——以仁布超基性岩体为例

西藏仁布县仁布超基性岩体的高精度磁测综合平面图显示，以△T=2000nT组成的等值线闭合圈清晰地反映出超基性岩体的范围，高精度磁测异常与超基性岩体吻合。该区物探推断成果已经得到工程验证，取得良好的效果，首期已采掘铬铁矿近10000t。     

地质雷达探测工程的几个问题

地质雷达(GPR)探测技术在浅层地质勘探领域广泛应用,并取得较好的应用效果.文章针对消除干扰的方法、关于防空洞探测、关于公路路面检测和隧道衬砌质量检测、地下岩溶探测等内容进行了探讨.