南秦岭竹溪县天宝乡粗面岩地球化学特征与铌成矿

南秦岭造山带北大巴山东段大面积出露早志留世粗面岩,夹于早志留世梅子垭组(S_1m)下部层位含炭粉砂质板岩之中,整体呈北西-南东向展布。这套粗面质火山岩与铌矿关系密切。竹溪县天宝铌矿床产出于火山喷发沉积韵律的中下部层位,赋矿岩石以粗面质熔结凝灰岩为主。粗面质熔岩地球化学数据显示其富碱质,稀土元素总量高且轻稀土元素明显富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等富集,Sr、P、Ti等亏损,具有类似于OIB的地球化学性质,来源于幔源玄武质岩浆的演化,是形成于大陆裂谷环境的低压型粗面岩。矿体粗面岩类(熔结凝灰岩)与非矿体粗面岩(粗面质熔岩)相比,具有略低的SiO_2含量,高的Al_2O_3、K_2O、CaO含量,低的P_2O_5含量,更为富集的高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)和轻稀土元素(La、Ce),更强的负Eu异常、正Ce异常,略强的P、Ti负异常以及更高的挥发分(F、CO_2)含量。天宝铌矿含铌矿物为易解石,产出于早期矿物的边缘、裂隙或晚期细脉中,成矿阶段处于岩浆作用的晚期。铌的富集与挥发分(F、CO_2等)的运移、保存条件密切相关。该铌矿为火山岩型稀有金属矿床,兼具岩浆型和岩浆热液型矿床特征,与庙垭和杀熊洞铌-稀土矿床属同一成矿系列的不同类型矿床。     

The assessment of traffic accident risk based on grey relational analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

The traffic accident risk includes three aspects, traffic accident probability, traffic accident severity, and traffic accident trend respectively. In this paper, nine indicators are selected to evaluate the traffic accident risk. The grey relational analysis method was used to determine the weights, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to calculate the risk. These methods were applied to assess the comprehensive risk of traffic accident in 31 provinces in China. The results show that the average value of traffic accident risk is 55.17. Nine provinces which are located in the northwest area and southeast area belong to the high-risk level. The medium-risk areas are widely distributed in the central, northeast, and southwest regions. The low-risk areas are Jilin, Neimenggu, Guizhou, and Beijing. The results have great significance for the measurement and management of regional traffic accident risk.     

Petrogenesis of Luchuba and Wuchaba granitoids in western Qinling: geochronological and geochemical evidence

Mineralogy and Petrology - The West Qinling Orogenic Belt (WQOB) is a major portion of the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu Orogen and holds essential information for understanding the prolonged evolution of the...     

1918—2010年天津降水指数变化特征

利用天津1918—2010年逐日降水资料,分析了天津7个降水指数的长期变化趋势。结果发现:天津年降水量和降水日数年际差异较大,没有显著的趋势性变化。从1980年开始天津降水量和日数开始变小(少),方差也变小,四季中秋季降水量呈显著的增加趋势,夏季呈减少趋势,冬、春季变化较小。各极端降水指数中,均表现为线性趋势不明显,年际变化较大,20世纪90年代以来降水强度偏小,但呈缓慢的增加趋势,大雨日数也处于偏少阶段,大雨贡献率偏小,并呈减小趋势。四季中秋季连续5 d最大降水量呈显著的增加趋势,减少了秋季干旱的发生,最长连续无降水日数多发生在冬春季,近年来有增加的趋势。     

辽西建昌盆地九佛堂组珍稀化石层的划分与对比

为研究热河生物群的鸟类、爬行类和被子植物的早期演化、辐射迁移、生物多样性及其协同进化,笔者在建昌盆地测制了九佛堂组剖面,并系统采集了以珍稀化石为重点的生物化石。结合前人研究成果,将九佛堂组自下而上分为第一段至第三段,其中九佛堂组第一段西店层含鸟类、爬行类和龟类等珍稀化石,尚见介形类化石Cypridea decorosa,C.jianchanensis,Yumenia jianchanensis,Limnocypridea slundensis,L.levigata,L.rara等,表明该层的介形类化石与喀左九佛堂小孤山—烧锅地剖面及朝阳县波罗赤小北山—黄道营子剖面的九佛堂组第一段下部介形类化石组合面貌基本一致,其所在层位亦应相当。     

用SA雷达产品对京西三次局地暴雨落区形成的精细分析

利用新一代Doppler雷达各种探测产品,对2006年6月底至7月上旬北京西郊香山、石景山、门头沟一带落区相同的三次局地暴雨和大暴雨过程,进行精细分析和研究.重点分析雷达探测产品对落区在同一地点形成的短时临近影响系统和指示意义.研究表明,发生在北京西郊山前、落区相同的三次局地暴雨和大暴雨,其雷达回波发展和演变形式各不相同.但三次过程强降雨前,近地面平原东南风和边界层偏西风的垂直风廓线结构在地形作用下对暴雨落区形成的影响是一致的:近乎与山脉垂直的平原近地面东南风长时间(6小时左右)维持,增加山前局地近地面温湿条件,并在北京西郊山脉阻挡下,形成山前近地面局地辐合和强迫抬升.山顶附近边界层的偏西风为近地面空气强迫抬升后在边界层的后卷辐散提供了有利条件.研究还显示,落区附近单体风暴、逆风区辐合带、中气旋等中小尺度回波系统的活动和发展,是暴雨落区形成的重要因素.     

三峡库区优质柑橘产业带建设土地整理模式

以三峡库区优质柑橘产业带建设土地整理模式研究为目标,以重庆市万州区甘宁镇永胜等两个村土地整理项目（标准化柑橘园）为例,从工程、生物技术方面探讨了改土和配套农业产业化基础设施建设。研究表明：以三峡库区优质柑橘产业带建设目标的土地整理模式必须立足库区复杂多样的立地条件和生态一经济功能差异,配套服务早、中、晚熟不同柑橘品种产...     

东北黑土区容许土壤流失量研究(英文)

Soil loss tolerance(T) is the maximum rate of annual soil erosion that is tolerated and still allows a high level of crop productivity to be sustained economically and indefinitely.In the black soil region of Northeast China,an empirically determined,default T value of 200(t/km2?a) is used for designing land restoration strategies for different types of soils.The ob-jective of this study was to provide a methodology to calculate a quantitative T for different black soil species.A field investigation was conducted to determine the typical soil profiles of 21 black soil species in the study area and a quantitative methodology based on a modified soil productivity index model was established to calculate the T values.These values,which varied from 68 t/km2?a to 358 t/km2?a,yielded an average T value of 141 t/km2?a for the 21 soil species.This is 29.5% lower than the current national standard T value.Two significant factors that influenced the T value were soil thickness and vulnerability to erosion.An ac-ceptable reduction rate of soil productivity over a planned time period of 1% is recommended as necessary for maintaining long-term sustainable soil productivity.Compared with the cur-rently used of regional unified standard T value,the proposed method,which determines T using specific soil profile indices,has more practical implications for effective,sustainable management of soil and water conservation.     

A new method for testing pile by single-impact energy and <Emphasis Type="Italic">P-S</Emphasis> curve

By studying the pile-formula and stress-wave methods (e.g., CASE method), the authors propose a new method for testing piles using the single-impact energy and P-S curves. The vibration and wave figures are recorded, and the dynamic and static displacements are measured by different transducers near the top of piles when the pile is impacted by a heavy hammer or micro-rocket. By observing the transformation coefficient of driving energy (total energy), the consumed energy of wave motion and vibration and so on, the vertical bearing capacity for single pile is measured and calculated. Then, using the vibration wave diagram, the dynamic relation curves between the force (P) and the displacement (S) is calculated and the yield points are determined. Using the static-loading test, the dynamic results are checked and the relative constants of dynamic-static P-S curves are determined. Then the subsidence quantity corresponding to the bearing capacity is determined. Moreover, the shaped quality of the pile body can be judged from the formation of P-S curves.     

哈尔滨市延寿地震台竖直摆倾斜同震效应分析

分析了2004年12月以来全球7级以上强震和中国5级以上地震的同震效应特征,当震中距较小时,同震应变阶似单纯的阶跃;而当震中距较大时,阶跃具有脉冲的形式,曲线有一个往返变化。初步总结了不同震中距时,竖直摆倾斜记录地震波动的能力。