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41.
Studies on rain-runoff process in the peripheral mountainous area of the Sichuan Basin, which is regarded as a key ecological shelter, will contribute to flood control and environmental protection for the Upper Yangtze River Basin. In two typical catchments--the Fujiang River Catchment and the Wujiang River Catchment, rainfall simulations have been conducted to study the rain-runoff processes of yellow soil and limestone soil in three types of land use--forestland, farmland and grassland. Results showed that (1) within the same rainfall process, overland flow occurs first on farmland, then on grassland, and finally on forestland; (2) soil surface coverage has a great impact on the occurrence and amount of overland flow. The runoff amount can increase 2-4 times after the coverage is removed; (3) the infiltration before the occurrence of overland flow will decrease because of higher gravel contents of soil, but it takes no effect on infiltration once overland flow becomes stable; (4) the runoff coefficient of the limestone soil forestland is greater than that of the yellow soil forest land, but less than that of the farmland; (5) three empirical infiltration models, including Horton' model, Kostiakov' model, and modified Kostiakov' model, were compared by using the observed results under rainfall simulation. The results showed that the Kostiakov' model performed better than both the Horton' model and modified Kostiakov model. According to the results of this research, the Kostiakov's model can be used to simulate rainfall infiltration when water erosion is modeled in the peripheral mountainous area of the Sichuan Basin. 相似文献
42.
Xin Li Dongliang Wang Baoquan Liu Chunling Ren Jianying Guo Xuefeng Su Jian Wang 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(4):412-419
The northern margin of the Qaidam Basin is one of the main oil-gas exploration areas in western China, where source rocks are composed mostly of Middle and Lower Jurassic dark mud shale, carbargillite and coal. A large number of subsurface and outcrop samples differing in lithology with different types of organic matter were selected for resource evaluation, research and calculation. And among them, 13 samples were used for simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generating potential of various source rocks. At first, two kinds of heating modes were compared through simulation experiment, including single temperature-step heating and continual heating. Perhaps, the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion occurred naturally between a close system and an open system. In addition, the first heating mode was convenient, and all its reaction products were involved in the whole thermal evolution, and the final simulation experimental results were basically in consistency with the natural evolution trend Therefore, the first heating mode was adopted and the hydrocarbon yield of every sample was worked out. According to the type and lithology of organic matter and the hydrocarbon yield of samples for simulation experiment, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mode with three kinds of lithology and five types of source rock has been established to provide the basis for hydrocarbon generation evaluation, research and resource calculation. 相似文献
43.
大冶铁矿的开发利用在为我国的钢铁事业作出巨大贡献的同时,也给矿区的地表环境、森林资源带来了很大的破坏。矿山公园的规划实施可极大地改善矿山环境,为矿山的可持续发展提供较好的途径。 相似文献
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47.
地质勘查项目数据库管理系统的设计与开发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用地理信息系统(GIS)和数据库管理技术,以安徽省地质勘查项目数据库管理系统为例,设计了系统的逻辑模型和功能结构,并介绍了系统的组成和实现的关键技术.该系统实现了地质勘查项目区的自动矢量化以及查询、统计和分析等管理功能,为地质勘查项目的管理提供了有效的技术手段. 相似文献
48.
ZHANG Xubing YU Xin 《测绘科技情报》2008,(1)
针对MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)影像数据海量并具有重要研究价值的特点,研究MODIS影像的无损压缩算法。采用最佳线性预测方法,通过波段相关性排序确定波段最优预测顺序,并自适应计算"预测波段"与"当前波段"的二阶最佳预测器系数,减少谱间冗余;以多级树集合分裂树(Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees,SPIHT)编码算法降低谱内相关。为确保无损压缩,对线性预测系数进行最佳逼近取整操作,并采用基于提升格式的D5/3整数小波变换。实验结果表明本文提出的算法在压缩比上性能较3DSPIHT等算法突出。 相似文献
49.
Wenguang Yang Hongbo Zheng Ke Wang Xin Xie Guocheng Chen Xi Mei 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2008,2(2):170-176
Sediments with high sedimentation rate at site MD05-2905 in the Northeastern slope of the South China Sea provide unique materials
for a high-resolution study on the paleoenvironment. Based on precise dating of AMS 14C, grain size analysis of terrigenous debris at core MD05-2905 was conducted after organic matter, biological carbonate and
biogenic opal were removed. The results show that 15.5–63.5 μm coarse grain size ingredients may indicate East Asian winter
monsoon changes and that 2–9 μm fine grain size ingredients may be used as a proxy of evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon.
The results of grain size analysis, which suggest East Asian monsoon intensity, reveal that a winter monsoon dominated the
glacial regime and a summer monsoon dominated the Holocene regime. It was also shown that the summer monsoon increased gradually,
experienced several abrupt changes and reached a culmination in the early Holocene (11200–8500 a B.P.) since 36 ka. Controlled
by precession periodicity, it may be related with the amount of solar radiation at the highest stage, which needs further
study.
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Translated from Advances in Earth Science, 2007, 22(10): 1012–1018 [译自: 地球科学进展] 相似文献
50.
抚顺矿区城市下压煤面积6km^2,煤炭储量23901.5万t。通过对矿区地质特征、煤储层特征分析.认为区内煤层气含量高(9.81~24.53m^3/t),煤层中大空隙多,透气性好,渗透率较高(0.24~3.60mD)。煤层直接顶板为厚100m左右的致密油页岩,底板为泥岩、凝灰岩,具有良好的封闭条件。根据矿区多年测试资料,采用容积法得出区内煤层气资源量为30.53亿m^3。综合开发煤层气资源符合东北老矿区的实际,其将为复苏东北重工业基地提供有效的洁净能源。 相似文献