顾及拓扑一致性的水系三维曲线化简

鉴于常规曲线化简方法应用于水系曲线化简时难以顾及水系要素的三维特征及其拓扑关系,本文提出了一种顾及拓扑一致性的水系三维曲线化简方法。该方法首先对D-P算法进行三维扩展,实现水系中单条河流三维曲线化简,然后构建水系树结构表达其拓扑关系,最后按照水系树的层次顺序依次进行河流曲线化简和干流与支流的拓扑关系重构。试验结果表明,该方法化简精度高,既能保持水系的三维形态特征,又能保证河流交汇处的拓扑一致性。     

基于“天地图”的地震应急服务平台设计

地震应急与社会经济紧密相关,也是防震减灾的重要内容。在总结地震应急相关研究与信息服务的基础上,采用网络技术、GIS技术、数据库技术,设计并开发基于"天地图"的地震应急服务平台,实现震情实时发布、空间查询定位、灾情实时反馈、直接经济损失快速评估、经济人口信息的统计分析等功能。该平台的建立将为震前预测提供完备、现势的数据基础,为震中救援提供可视化的分析平台,为震后恢复重建的资源调配提供数据支持。     

混合核特征加权SVM遥感湿地空间分类

针对湿地空间信息的复杂性和SVM的分类性能,设计一种基于混合核函数的特征加权SVM分类模型,综合利用多种特征信息,避免被弱相关特征所支配,从而提供更佳的映射性能和泛化能力。实验结果表明,该分类模型兼具良好的外推和内推能力,能够有效地融合不同信息源特征,得到更完整和准确的分类结果,在总体精度、Kappa系数等多项指标上都表现出更高的水平。     

面向移动终端的专题热图实时绘制方法

针对传统基于Flash、Slivelight的移动终端热图绘制中存在的数据表现单一、绘制效率低、用户体验差等问题,以及HTML5的渲染效率差、数据复用率低等性能缺点,该文提出一种改进的HTML5专题热图实时绘制方法。引入四叉树结构进行专题数据组织,大幅度提升热图实时绘制中服务器端数据汇聚效率;采用网格化数据缓存调度方法,有效降低客户端与服务器端的数据请求,实现移动终端数据缓存最大限度的重复利用;以异步I/O消息机制,解决了热图绘制过程中的消息通道堵塞、客户端假死等问题。实验证明,该方法符合移动终端对专题热图的绘制要求,能够在提高数据利用率和系统整体性能的同时,降低移动终端的计算量,提高系统的运行效率。     

面向旅游规划的空间信息服务工作流构建

针对现有工作对规划支持不足的问题,该文通过集成空间信息服务、语义网络、Web服务发现与组合等技术,探索并建立了一套完整、有效,能充分提供旅游规划决策支持的空间信息服务工作流构建方法。阐述了面向旅游规划的空间信息服务工作流构建的关键技术,包括基于旅游规划本体库的空间信息服务发现方法,旅游规划语义驱动的空间信息服务组合算法,以及可靠的空间信息服务工作流过程调用机制。在此基础上开展实证研究,实现面向旅游规划的空间信息服务工作流原型系统,并对工作流构建关键方法的可行性进行了验证。     

Knowledge Transfer for Large‐Scale Urban Growth Modeling Based on Formal Concept Analysis

Cellular automata (CA) are useful for studies on urban growth and land‐use changes. Although various methods have been developed to define transition rules, modeling urban growth of large areas remains a tough challenge owing to heterogeneous geographical features. To address the problem, we present a novel method based on the combination of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) and knowledge transfer techniques. FCA is used to solicit association rules among cities within a large area. This method can provide a theoretical basis for the knowledge transfer process. A cutting‐edge algorithm called TrAdaBoost is then integrated with the commonly‐used Logistic‐CA as the modeling framework. The proposed method is applied to the urban growth modeling of Guangdong Province, a large region with 21 cities in China, from 2005 to 2008. Compared with traditional methods, this method can achieve better results at the provincial and local levels, according to the experiments. The combination of FCA and knowledge transfer is expected to provide a useful tool for calibrating large‐scale urban CA models.     

Improvement of saponification extraction method for fatty acids separation from geological samples

The conventional saponification method could result in lower recoveries and artificial changes of long-chain fatty acids. The main reason is the error judgment of the intermediate layer suspended between the aqueous and organic layer during the liquid–liquid extraction process. This study shows that the intermediate layer consists of lots of medium- to long-chain carboxylic salts for their special physical and chemical properties. An improved saponification extraction method is also developed and the results show that the carboxylic salts distributed in the intermediate layer could be obtained completely, which greatly enhances the authenticity and accuracy of fatty acid analysis. Additionally, the possible reasons of formation of the intermediate layer are also discussed.     

Coevolution between Terrestrial Ecosystem and Earth Environment

Coevolution between terrestrial ecosystem and Earth environment is a hot research topic in both biology and geology. Last progresses in these field are reported from following research subjects: evolution of jawed vertebrates(gnathostomata) from Silurian; occurrence of earliest forests from Devonian of Xinjiang; biodiversity of insects in amber from Cretaceous of Myanmar; Evolution of primates and geochemistry studies from Eocene/Oligocene; studies of Longdan fauna from Lingxia basin, Gansu Province of earlier Pleistocene and endemic cloven-breast fishes from Pliocene Tibet; the correlations thick-boned fish,Hsianwenia wui, and the aridification of the Qaidam Basin; monsoon climate and its impact on biodiversity; study on the flora from Mankang, Tibet of Miocene and its palaeoclimate; depositional environment and its impact on the preservation of fossils; contraction of high resolution Stratigraphic series by using data of paleomagnetism and mammal fossils.     

河南义马地区页岩气储层孔隙非均质性

运用高压压汞、液氮吸附及渗透率测试等实验,利用极差、突进系数、变异系数等参数,表征煤系页岩孔渗特征及孔隙层间非均质性,分析孔隙层间非均质性主控因素。结果表明:河南义马地区上、下石盒子组泥页岩微孔与小孔较为发育,山西组大孔较为发育,分别提供了气体吸附附着面积和储存运移空间;上石盒子组孔容与孔径相对偏差最小,孔隙分布均匀,山西组比表面积相对偏差最小,表面积分布均匀;随围压增大,渗透率不断降低,且满足负指数相关关系;渗透率级差、突进系数和变异系数显示下石盒子组渗透率非均质性较弱,山西组渗透率非均质性很弱,更易于压裂开发。非均质性宏观上主要受沉积物质组成和构造改造作用影响,微观上受成岩演化影响。