Virtual wave gauges based upon stereo imaging for measuring surface wave characteristics

A virtual wave gauge (VWG) technique based on stereo imaging is developed to remotely measure water wave height, period, and direction. VWG minimizes computational costs by directly tracking the elevation of the water surface at selected points of interest using a Eulerian based dynamic searching algorithm. Results show that the VWG technique developed in this paper dramatically improves efficiency by two orders of magnitude compared to the traditional Lagrangian–Eulerian based point cloud method of stereo image processing. VWG is tested against traditional wave wire gauges to within 98% accuracy for significant wave height. Furthermore, the flexibility of the VWG is demonstrated in two field applications. First in an offshore breaking wave case, an array of VWGs is used to efficiently measure wave directionality. Second to investigate the reflection coefficient of a rock-mounted structure interacting with nearshore waves, linear and spatial VWG arrays are designed and implemented based on a priori information of the wave field from a preliminary VWG measurement. Overall, we demonstrate that the flexible and computational efficient VWG technique has the potential to make real-time remote stereo imaging wave measurements a reality.     

长白山地区遥感生态指数时空变化及其气候响应

利用Google Earth Engine(GEE)云平台,在原有遥感生态指数（RSEI）基础上,选用增强型植被指数（EVI）代替原绿度指标中的NDVI,构建并计算2001—2020年长白山地区植被生长季RSEI,采用回归分析、波动分析、Hurst指数等方法,分析长白山地区RSEI时空变化特征并探讨其气候影响因素。研究表明：（1）2001—2020年长白山地区RSEI波动缓慢上升,生态环境质量整体呈上升趋势。RSEI多年均值空间分布具有明显的分异性,长白山保护开发区生态环境质量较好,通化市、白山市大部较差。（2）近20年长白山地区RSEI稳定性较差,生态环境质量较脆弱。未来生态环境趋势总体向好,但局部地区仍存在持续恶化态势。（3）长白山地区RSEI主要受降水影响较大,与降水呈显著正相关,与气温相关性不强。     

一种地震数据多串口采集方法

地震监测系统常常使用串口异步通讯监测数据、传输命令,但由于核心器件所带的串口数量不足,通常需要扩展串口。提出以TL16C754B为核心器件的多串口数据采集方法,包括具体的系统电路的设计方法和部分驱动的编程源代码。由于该设计具有成本低、稳定性高、低耗、抗干扰能力强、电路简单等优点,已被成功地运用于微动台阵观测仪器中。     

基于分段模拟的岩石蠕变模型

为了更好地实现对岩石蠕变特性的描述,基于岩石蠕变的阶段特征,提出分段模拟岩石蠕变的建模思路。应用变分数阶微积分改进的软体元件与弹簧串联得到改进的Maxwell模型实现对岩石稳定蠕变阶段的模拟;同时基于应变触发方式改进蠕变体元件实现对岩石非稳定蠕变阶段的模拟。综合改进的Maxwell模型与改进的蠕变体元件构建一个新的三元件蠕变模型。应用岩盐典型蠕变曲线数据对三元件蠕变模型进行了验证。结果显示构建的三元件蠕变模型可以很好地模拟岩盐的三阶段蠕变,分段模拟思路是可靠的。     

Numerical analysis of effect of baffle configuration on impact force exerted from rock avalanches

In mountainous areas, channelized rock avalanches swarm downslope leading to large impact forces on building structures in residential areas. Arrays of rock avalanche baffles are usually installed in front of rigid barriers to attenuate the flow energy of rock avalanches. However, previous studies have not sufficiently addressed the mechanisms of interaction between the rock avalanches and baffles. In addition, empirical design approaches such as debris flow (Tang et al., Quat Int 250:63–73, 2012), rockfall (Spang and Rautenstrauch, 1237–1243, 1988), snow avalanches (Favier et al., 14:3–15, 2012), and rock avalanches (Manzella and Labiouse, Landslides 10:23–36, 2013), which are applied in natural geo-disasters mitigation cannot met construction requirements. This study presents details of numerical modeling using the discrete element method (DEM) to investigate the effect of the configuration of baffles (number and spacing of baffle columns and rows) on the impact force that rock avalanches exert on baffles. The numerical modeling is firstly conducted to provide insights into the flow interaction between rock avalanches and an array of baffles. Then, a modeling analysis is made to investigate the change pattern of the impact force with respect to baffle configurations. The results demonstrate that three crucial influencing factors (baffle row numbers, baffle column spacing, and baffle row spacing) have close relationship with energy dissipation of baffles. Interestingly, it is found that capacity of energy dissipation of baffles increases with increasing baffle row numbers and baffle row spacing, while it decreases with increasing baffle column spacing. The results obtained from this study are useful for facilitating design of baffles against rock avalanches.     

The interaction between a manmade lake and groundwater: an example site in the Aurku area,Chiayi County,Taiwan

The objectives of this study are (1) to understand the subsurface hydrology in the Aurku area, Chiayi County, southern Taiwan, and (2) to determine the interaction between the manmade lake and groundwater level through the recharge produced by infiltration by on‐site investigation and laboratory sand tank simulation. The manmade lake was selected as the field site for groundwater recharge effect so as to assess the role of infiltration from the aquaculture ponds in this area. These results can be used as reference for future application of constructing a series of manmade lakes. The field experiment was performed to measure the infiltration rate of the manmade lake by using the water balance method and double‐ring infiltration test. The results demonstrated that the manmade lake had helped the recharge of the groundwater. Raising or maintaining a higher water level of the manmade lake can promote higher infiltration. When the groundwater level is equal to or higher than the bottom of the manmade lake, infiltration will slow or cease. The field experiment and laboratory sand tank simulation demonstrated that the infiltration rate increased with the higher storage depth of the manmade lake. The laboratory simulation also indicated that while the groundwater level was lower than the bottom of manmade lake (i.e. the reference level) and the initial water depth (3 cm) was equal to or greater than 50% of the full water storage depth, the infiltration depth increased with time. However, the infiltration depth would be very small or nearly zero when the groundwater level was higher than the bottom of the manmade lake. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new Voronoi diagram-based approach for matching multi-scale road networks

Journal of Geographical Systems - Object matching is a key technology for map conflation, data updating, and data quality assessment. This article proposed a new Voronoi diagram-based approach for...     

Morphological and phylogenetic diversity of magnetotactic bacteria and multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes from a mangrove ecosystem in the Sanya River,South China

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are morphologically and phylogenetically diverse prokaryotes commonly able to produce magnetic nanocrystals within intracellular...