Quantitative relationships between precipitation and temperature over Northeast China, 1961–2010

This paper investigates monthly and seasonal precipitation–temperature relationships (PTRs) over Northeast China using a method proposed in this study. The PTRs are influenced by clouds, latent and sensible heat conversion, precipitation type, etc. In summer, the influences of these factors on temperature decrease are different for various altitudes, latitudes, longitudes, and climate types. Stronger negative PTRs ranging from ?0.049 to ?0.075 °C/mm mostly occur in the semi-arid region, where the cold frontal-type precipitation dominates. In contrast, weaker negative PTRs ranging from ?0.004 to ?0.014 °C/mm mainly distribute in Liaoning Province, where rain is mainly orographic rain controlled by the warm and humid air of East Asian summer monsoon. In winter, surface temperature increases owing to the release of latent heat and sensible heat when precipitation occurs. The stronger positive PTRs ranging from 0.963 to 3.786 °C/mm mostly occur at high altitudes and latitudes due to more release of sensible heat. The enhanced atmospheric counter radiation by clouds is the major factor affecting increases of surface temperature in winter and decreases of surface temperature in summer when precipitation occurs.     

新县高压超高压榴辉岩及变质作用

大别造山带西段的新县高压超高压变质带中 ,分布着多种不同类型的榴辉岩。研究发现 ,尽管它们有着不同的峰变质条件 ,但都经历了相同的绿帘角闪岩相前进变质 ,具有相近的峰变质年龄和相似的退变质轨迹。其形成和折返可能与华北、扬子两大古陆在早奥陶世末的陆—陆碰撞有关。     

Evaluation and Analysis of RegCM3 Simulated Summer Rainfall over the Huaihe River Basin of China

This study evaluates the ability of the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics(ICTP)version 3 Regional Climate Model(RegCM3) in simulating the summer rainfall amount and distribution and large-scale circulation over the Huaihe River basin of China.We conducted the simulation for the period of 1982-2001 and the wet year of 2003 to test the ensemble simulation capacity of RegCM3.First,by comparing the simulated rainfall amount and distribution against the observations,it is found that RegCM3 can reproduce the rainfall pattern and its annual variations.In addition,the simulated spatial patterns of 850-hPa wind and specific humidity fields are close to the observations,although the wind speed and humidity values are larger.Finally,the ensemble simulation of RegCM3 for summer 2003 failed to capture the spatial distribution and underestimated the magnitude of the precipitation anomalies,and the reasons are analyzed.     

Pulsation analysis of the high amplitude δ Scuti star CW Serpentis

Time-series photometric observations were made for the high amplitudeδScuti star CW Ser between 2011 and 2012 at the Xinglong Station of National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences.After performing the frequency analysis of the light curves,we confirmed the fundamental frequency of f=5.28677 c d 1,together with seven harmonics of the fundamental frequency,which are newly detected.No additional frequencies were detected.The O C diagram,produced with the 21 newly determined times of maximum light combined with those provided in the literature,helps to obtain a new ephemeris formula of the times of maximum light with the pulsation period of 0.189150355±0.000000003 d.     

Coordinated development of land multi-function space: An analytical framework for matching the supply of resources and environment with the use of land space for ecological protection,agricultural production and urban construction

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Based on the carrying capacity of the resources and the environment, this article defines the connotation of the land multifunctional space (LMFS) from three...     

Direct inversion for a fluid factor and its application in heterogeneous reservoirs

Prestack seismic inversion plays an important role in estimating elastic parameters that are sensitive to reservoirs and fluid underground. In this paper, a simultaneous inversion method named FMR‐AVA (Fluid Factor, Mu (Shear modulus), Rho (Density)‐Amplitude Variation with Angle) is proposed based on partial angle stack seismic gathers. This method can be used for direct inversion for the fluid factor, shear modulus and density of heterogeneous reservoirs. Firstly, an FMR approximation equation of a reflection coefficient is derived based on poroelasticity with P‐ and S‐wave moduli. Secondly, a stable simultaneous AVA inversion approach is presented in a Bayesian scheme. This approach has little dependence on initial models. Furthermore, it can be applied in heterogeneous reservoirs whose initial models for inversion are not easy to establish. Finally, a model test shows the superiority of this FMR‐AVA inversion method in stability and independence of initial models. We obtain a reasonable fluid factor, shear modulus and density even with smooth initial models and moderate Gaussian noise. A real data case example shows that the inverted fluid factor, shear modulus and density fit nicely with well log interpretation results, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

西藏中部塔吉冈矿区早白垩世花岗岩成因及地质意义

塔吉冈铜多金属矿位于南羌塘地块的南缘,是认识班公湖-怒江成矿带构造-岩浆-成矿作用的理想窗口.以塔吉冈铜多金属矿区内出露的花岗岩为研究对象,对其进行了系统的锆石U-Pb定年、全岩地球化学和锆石原位Hf同位素研究.结果显示塔吉冈花岗岩形成于早白垩世晚期(120～118 Ma),岩石地球化学具有高SiO2、高碱(Na2O+...     

OSL dating of past lake levels for a large dammed lake in southern Tibet and determination of possible controls on lake evolution

Fluvio‐lacustrine terraces along Phung Chu (river) on the central southern Tibetan Plateau indicate that a large palaeo‐dammed‐lake formerly existed in this area. Based on landscape survey, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and sedimentary analyses, this research shows that the Phung Chu was blocked and a dammed‐lake over 2500 km² in size formed before 30 ka ago. OSL dating analysis suggests the fluvio‐lacustrine sediments were well bleached and yield accurate age estimates for two lake drainage events. The first drainage event took place after 30 ka, resulted in river incision and formed a high terrace at 50 m height from the present river level. The second drainage happened after 3.7 ka, resulted in further river incision and formed the second terrace at 25 m height from the present river level. According to the distribution of the fluvio‐lacustrine sediments, active normal faults (particularly the Kharta Fault) in this region and the high gradient slopes after Phung Chu enters the Yö Ri gorge, seismically‐induced landsliding is regarded as highly likely to have been the cause of river blockage and associated formation of a dammed‐lake, although glacial damming is also a possible cause. The volume of drainages from this dammed‐lake may have led to catastrophic flooding and analogous modern lakes represent significant geo‐hazard risks to down‐river human settlements. As dammed‐lakes are special phases in fluvial evolution, often involving river blockage, breakthrough and drastic catchment change, these processes can reveal how tectonic or climatic events modify landforms. However, such tectonic‐derived landform changes can also impact palaeo‐climate of the region. Thus this study has added new evidence regarding the evolutionary history of a dammed lake including its formation, duration, extent and final drainage, which is crucial for understanding its general landscape process mechanisms and for better assessing geo‐hazard risks. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effects of Rhizosphere Ventilation on Soil Enzyme Activities of Potted Tomato under Different Soil Water Stress

In order to improve the growing environment of root zone, and investigate the effects of different rhizosphere ventilation environments on soil enzyme activities, we supplied gas for potted tomato by air compressor, and set three irrigation levels (70–90% field capacity). Each irrigation level has different ventilation volume coefficient (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6) with the reference standard as 50% soil porosity. The results showed that the changing trend of soil catalase, urease, and dehydrogenase activity showed the first increase and then the decrease in the tomato growth period, and activities of soil catalase, urease, and dehydrogenase under the ventilation treatment are higher than those of the non‐ventilation. When the irrigation level was 80% the field capacity and the ventilation coefficient was 0.8, the activities of three soil enzyme reached the highest value. Their activities of soil catalase, urease, and dehydrogenase were particularly sensitive to rhizosphere ventilation in fruit expanding process. Tomato had more dry matter accumulation and output under the ventilation treatment than that of the non‐ventilation. The results prove that rhizosphere ventilation can improve the potted tomato root zone environment, increase the soil enzyme activity, and promote the nutrients uptake, thus promoting plant growth and fruit output and improving soil quality.