Geochronology, Fluid Inclusions and Isotopic Characteristics of the Dongjun Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit, Inner Mongolia, NE China

The Dongjun Pb-Zn-Ag deposit in the northern part of the Great Xing’an Range (NE China) consists of quartz-sulfide vein-type and breccia-type mineralization, related to granite porphyry. Hydrothermal alteration is well-developed and includes potassic-silicic-sericitic alteration, phyllic alteration and propylitic alteration. Three stages of mineralization are recognized on the basis of field evidence and petrographic observation, demarcated by assemblages of quartz-pyrite-arsenopyrite (early stage), quartz-polymetallic sulfide (intermediate stage) and quartz-carbonate-pyrite (late stage). Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating indicates that the granite porphyry was emplaced at 146.7 ± 1.2 Ma (Late Jurassic). Microthermometry and laser Raman spectroscopy shows that ore minerals were deposited in conditions of intermediate temperatures (175–359°C), low salinity (0.5–9.3 wt% NaCl eqv.) and low density (0.60–0.91 g/cm3). Ore-forming fluids were derived largely from magmatic hydrothermal processes, with late-stage addition of meteoric water, belonging to a H2O-NaCl-CO2 ± CH4 system. The δ34SV-CDT values range from 0.75‰ to 4.70‰. The 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb values of the ore minerals are in the ranges of 18.240–18.371, 15.542–15.570, and 38.100–38.178, respectively. Data for the S and Pb isotopic systems indicate that the ore-forming metals and sulfur were derived from Mesozoic magma. Based on the geological characteristics and geochemical signatures documented in this study, we conclude that the Dongjun deposit is a mesothermal magmatic hydrothermal vein-type Pb-Zn-Ag deposit controlled by fractures and related to granite porphyry, in response to Late Jurassic tectonic–magmatic–hydrothermal activity. We further conclude that fluid immiscibility, fluid mixing and fluid-rock interactions were the dominant mechanisms for deposition of the ore-forming materials.     

辽东地区古元古代变基性岩床的成因和构造意义

辽东地区胶-辽-吉造山带发育大量的变基性岩墙/床,这些岩墙/床对研究造山带古元古代构造演化过程具有重要意义.本文通过对辽东地区辽河群中的变基性岩床进行岩石学、岩石地球化学和锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,探讨其成因和形成的构造背景,有助于深入认识胶-辽-吉造山带古元古代地质演化过程.辽东地区变基性岩床顺层侵入于辽河群大石桥组大理岩中,发生角闪岩相变质作用,岩石类型以斜长角闪岩和石榴斜长角闪岩为主,主要矿物为角闪石和斜长石,其他矿物有石榴子石、石英、黑云母、磁铁矿和黄铁矿等.变基性岩床样品的锆石具特征的环带结构和较低的Th/U值(0.01～0.34),指示锆石为变质成因,4个样品的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果(1854±11 Ma、1846±12 Ma、1847±9 Ma和1848±7 Ma)表明基性岩床发生变质作用的时间为～1.85 Ga,与华北克拉通最终碰撞拼合的时间一致.根据基性岩床与胶-辽-吉造山带其他地区～2.1 Ga的基性岩具有相似的野外产状、岩石学和地球化学特征,推断其侵位时代可能为～2.1 Ga.基性岩床样品的SiO2含量为47.07％～52.18％,K2O+Na2O含量为1.78％～4.70％,MgO含量为3.92％～8.59％,属于拉斑玄武岩系列.大部分样品的稀土总量较低(47.3×10-6～109.5×10-6),富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、La),亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta),Zr、Hf没有明显的亏损且未发生分馏作用.所有样品的Al2O3、CaO和Fe2O3T含量在主量元素相关性图解上分布规律且与MgO含量呈较好的相关性,Nb/La值(0.52～0.73)随SiO2和MgO含量的变化较小,表明岩浆在侵位过程中受地壳混染的程度较低,似"岛弧"型地球化学特征是富集岩石圈地幔源区遭受古俯冲组分改造的结果.结合已有的辽河群变质火山-沉积岩、辽吉花岗岩和基性岩的研究成果,胶-辽-吉造山带在～2.1 Ga处于陆内裂谷环境.     

微束分析测试技术十年(2011~2020)进展与展望

现代地球科学研究的重大突破在很大程度上取决于观测和分析技术的创新。新世纪以来,我国地球科学领域引进了一批高性能新型微束分析仪器设备,建立了一批高规格的实验室。本文回顾了近十年来微束分析技术与方法的主要进展及其在地球科学研究中的应用实例,包括电子探针、扫描电镜、透射电镜、大型离子探针、纳米离子探针、飞行时间二次离子质谱、激光剥蚀等离子体质谱、激光诱导原子探针、原子探针技术、显微红外光谱、同步辐射等,这些分析技术的进步和广泛应用极大地提高了我们对地球和行星演化历史及许多地质过程的理解。今后,应加快微束分析的新技术、新方法和新标准的开发,特别是高水平人才队伍建设,提高创新能力并在国际学术舞台上发挥重要作用。     

湖南省涟源凹陷泥盆纪佘田桥组页岩储层测井评价

湘中地区涟源凹陷泥盆纪佘田桥组(D3s)富有机质页岩发育,区内参数井-湘新页1井(XXY-1)已在该组钻遇良好页岩气.为研究该套储层特征,依托湘新页1井的岩心和测井资料,通过数控测井系统的综合测井曲线响应特征和数据处理结果对该套储层进行了评价.结果表明,湘新页1井泥盆纪佘田桥组底部为优质页岩发育段,厚度达81.1 m,页岩TOC、物性均较好,具有较大资源潜力.     

Effect of the Dry Ashing Method on Cadmium Isotope Measurements in Soil and Plant Samples

A dry ashing method is commonly used to remove organic material from samples prior to geochemical analysis. In the course of this study, the Cd isotope ratios of a series of soil and plant reference materials and samples were studied to evaluate the effect of the dry ashing method on measurement results of Cd isotope ratios. The samples were pre‐treated using the dry ashing method and high‐pressure bomb for comparison. The results show that the digestion using high‐pressure bombs did not lead to Cd loss, but using the dry ashing method would cause different proportions of Cd loss. The whole range of Cd isotope difference between two methods was from ?0.07‰ to 3.01‰. There was also an obvious difference in measured Cd isotope ratios from the same leaf sample pre‐treated independently by the dry ashing method, indicating that the amount of Cd loss and the effect on Cd isotope measurement during dry ashing is related to the properties of the samples. Therefore, dry ashing may not be appropriate for the removal of organic material in Cd isotope ratio measurement, especially for samples with high organic contents. The δ^114/110Cd values of reference materials NIST SRM 1573a and GSD‐30 are reported for the first time in this study.     

Numerical investigation of the hydrodynamic response of an impermeable sea-wall subjected to artificial submarine landslide-induced tsunamis

Landslides - Landslide-induced tsunamis are common natural hazards that potentially affect the safety and stability of waterfront structures. A numerical tank was constructed using FLOW-3D to...     

河北平原廊固凹陷ACX03孔晚上新世以来地层与沉积*

基于河北平原廊固凹陷东北部ACX03孔(深300.0 m)浅部¹⁴C年龄和磁性地层,建立钻孔第四纪地层格架,依据ACX03孔岩心沉积物、测井曲线和微体古生物特征划分沉积层段并分析沉积环境。研究结果表明: ACX03孔B/M(布容/松山)、M/G(松山/高斯)极性界线分别位于83.8 m、220.2 m,孔底年龄约3.2 Ma,划分13个沉积层段。上新统(220.2~300.0 m)为河道、河漫滩夹湖泊沉积,下更新统(85.2~220.2 m)为河道、湖泊、河漫滩沉积,中更新统(61.5~85.2 m)为分支河道夹河漫滩及河间洼地—湖沼沉积,上更新统(23.2~61.5 m)为河漫滩、分支河道沉积,全新统(0~23.2 m)为泛滥平原、河曲—牛轭湖沉积。对比ACX03孔与邻近钻孔第四纪地层认为,河北平原廊坊—固安一带早更新世差异性沉降最强,之后一直到全新世越来越弱。     

Characterization of karst conduits by tracer tests for an artificial recharge scheme

Challenged by rapidly changing climate in combination with an increase in anthropogenic pressures, karst groundwater resources in the Old Town of Lijiang (OTLJ), SW China, are diminishing. Higher frequency and longer duration of dried-up periods have been observed at the Heilongtan Park (HP) Springs in recent years. Thus, there is an urgent need for an artificial recharge scheme, aimed at replenishing groundwater in the aquifer and increasing the outflow of the springs to ensure effective water resources management. Evaluation of the scheme feasibility, prior to its implementation, is important. In this study, tracer tests were conducted between the recharge area and receiving springs in order to gain insight into the transport mechanisms of karst groundwater and the structural characteristics of the aquifer. Multiple underground flow paths, exhibiting high conductivity between the recharge area and HP Springs, were revealed by the interpretation of tracer breakthrough curves. Three springs considered as the leakages of the scheme were identified. Moreover, the outflow of springs at HP and OTLJ were predicted to be increased by the artificially recharged water after 9.2 and 12.5 days, respectively. Quantitative analysis of tracer recoveries demonstrates that the springs to be recharged and the springs considered as leakages, respectively, share 45 and 55% of the increased outflow. The feasibility of the scheme has been confirmed by the tracer tests. This report provides references for the evaluation of artificial groundwater recharge and protection strategies, particularly in large and poorly investigated karst spring fields.

     

豫西宜阳上二叠统孙家沟组孢粉组合及其地质意义*

豫西宜阳上二叠统孙家沟组为一套陆相碎屑岩,在该组中部土门段砂泥互层中发现大量的植物化石碎片和孢粉化石。文中依据孙家沟组沉积特征及孢粉组合区域对比,厘定了土门段的地质时代,并依据孢粉化石的亲缘植物关系和信息函数,结合微量元素Sr/Cu值指标,定性和半定量分析了宜阳地区的古气候特征。结果显示: 土门段共发现52属孢粉化石,以裸子植物花粉占优势,与华北地区晚二叠世孢粉组合特征有很大的相似性,推测其地质时代相当于晚二叠世长兴期。孢粉化石属种的植物亲缘关系与欧美镁灰岩统植物成分类似,表明整体上为较炎热的半干旱古气候。该成果可为华北地区晚二叠世晚期的陆相沉积环境、古植物背景以及古气候演化研究提供参考依据。