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981.
982.
基于FTIR和MODIS数据,建立了新疆沙漠宽波段(8~13.5 μm)地表比辐射率的最优估算模型。首先,利用傅立叶变换热红外光谱仪观测的塔克拉玛干沙漠地表比辐射率光谱数据,结合同期MODIS温度/比辐射率产品MOD11A1的29、31和32波段比辐射率值和MOD09A1的第7波段反射率值,建立宽波段地表比辐射率估算模型,并分别采用观测数据和光谱库数据验证了模型的精度,估算结果的均方根误差分别为0.0041和0.0081。其次,选择最优估算模型,利用MODIS数据,估算了新疆4个沙漠的宽波段地表比辐射率,得到了沙漠地表比辐射率的空间分布特征。结果表明:塔克拉玛干沙漠和库鲁克库姆沙漠气候干燥稳定,地表比辐射率分布较为均匀,范围为0.850~0.915;古尔班通古特沙漠受到植被和地表水分的影响,比辐射率空间分布不均匀,范围为0.890~0.915;库木塔格沙漠的地表比辐射率分布与其羽状地表类似,范围为0.860~0.910。 相似文献
983.
Land subsidence due to aquifer-system compaction accompanying groundwater extraction is a global hazard. Rising urban construction and groundwater demand necessitate increased awareness and better understanding of the geological problem. Motivated by the lack of laboratory-scale studies on this issue, an experimental investigation on the newly developed Tongchuan region, China, is presented. The study addresses the deformation behaviors of three soil samples, with the lithology of silty clay, silt, and fine sand, under the conditions of groundwater withdrawal and recharge using the GDS Consolidation Testing System. Results indicate that all three samples were characterized by elastic–plastic deformation under the conditions of withdrawing and recharging. The vertical deformation of the silty clay in the aquitard above the first confined aquifer was larger than those of the other two samples, and its deformation is a gradual and long process; thus, considerable attention should be paid to deformation in this aquitard due to the apparent creep effect and tiny rebound deformation. However, the settlement of the fine sand in the second confined aquifer cannot be ignored due to the great thickness of the aquifer. For the same soil, as the pore-water pressure declined, the unit rate of vertical deformation decreased gradually, whereas the creep effect of deformation in the later declining stage of pore-water pressure was more apparent than that in the former declining stage. These observations are highly important to the local government, which is developing measures to prevent and control subsidence. 相似文献
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985.
Lai Wen Hu Xiumian Zhu Dicheng An Wei Ma Anlin 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2017,106(4):1277-1288
International Journal of Earth Sciences - Mélange records a series of geological processes associated with oceanic subduction and continental collision. This paper reports for the first time... 相似文献
986.
Heping Xie Wen Jiang Zhengmeng Hou Ying Xue Yufei Wang Tao Liu Liang Tang Dinglu Wu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(21):732
Mineral aerosols play a significant role in gas–solid interfacial and atmospheric chemistry. Carbonation of olivine aerosol, which takes place in a multiphase reaction processes, can be an effective means to reduce the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Due to the presence of a huge reserve of silicate minerals in nature, olivine aerosol could be an ideal potential raw material for mineral carbonation for its higher reactivity with H2O and CO2. However, quantitative information about the carbonation process on the surface of natural olivine aerosol is not available. In this paper, calculations on the carbonation reaction processes with and without a H2O molecule using a periodic olivine model has been carried out via the density functional theory. The pathways and their corresponding energies and structures in the carbonation reactions have been established, and the effect of water as means to reduce the energy barriers and stabilize the carbonated structures by forming hydrogen bonds has been confirmed. 相似文献
987.
Due to energy shortage and increasing environmental awareness, resources in shallow underground space have been rapidly exploited and utilized. So that studying variation characteristics of geothermal response in gneiss is necessary for effective and rational use of underground heat. Based on field test of thermal response in gneiss under hydrogeological survey project carried out in shallow geothermal energy development zone in Liaoning Province, this thesis analyzes mathematical statistics of geothermal response characteristics in main gneiss of Laoning Province. The initial formation temperature ranges from 10.80℃ to 15.80℃ according to field test. The statistical results show that in the condition of natural water content, the average thermal conductivity of Quaternary loose rocks comes as clay silty silty fine sand medium sand coarse sand gravelly sand. This order is consistent with thermal conductivity characteristics of gneiss obtained in the laboratory. Formation temperature recovery in different strata follows as granite medium sand clay. This order is opposite to the absolute value of temperature recovery curve slope of corresponding lithology, which shows that the stratum with higher temperature recovery rate has lower temperature recovery curve slope. 相似文献
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