峨眉大火成岩省的岩石地球化学特征及时限

本文根据盐源－丽江岩区和攀西岩区峨眉山玄武岩的地球化学组成，包括各种氧化物之间的关系、微量元素标准化曲线、Th/Yb与Ta/Yb、Ce/Nb与Th/Nb，以及^87Sr/^86Sr与^143Nd/^144Nd值的相互关系，重点对峨眉山玄武岩地幔源的地球化学特点、上扬子地区岩石圈地幔的地球化学特征及成因、地幔热柱与岩石圈地幔的相互作用，以及峨眉山玄武岩的喷发时限进行了初步探讨。     

SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Chronology and Geochemistry of the Henglingguan and Beiyu Granitoids in the Zhongtiao Mountains, Shanxi Province

Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic granitoids, distributed in the northwest of the Zhongtiaoshan Precambrian complex, comprise trondhjemites and calc-alkaline monzogranites, displaying intrusive contacts with the Archean Zhaizi TTG gneisses. And the Beiyu metamorphic granitoids consist mainly of trondhjemites, distributed at the core of the Hujiayu anticline fold. New SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating data show that the weighted mean ^207pb/^206pb ages are 2435.9 Ma and 2477 Ma for the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites, respectively, and reveal -2600 Ma inherited core in magmatic zircons. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that all the Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites and calc- alkaline monzogranites belong to the metaluminous medium- and high-potassium calc-alkaline series. These rocks are characterized by relatively high total alkali contents （Na2O＋K2O, up to 9.08%）, depleted Nb, Ta, P and Ti, and right-declined REE patterns with moderate to high LREEs/HREEs fractionation （the mean ratio of （La/Yb）n = 25）. The Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites display negative Rb, Th and K anomalies in the multi-dement spider diagrams normalized by primitive mantle. Sm-Nd isotopic data reveal that these granitoids have initial εNd（t） =-1.2 to ＋2.4 and Nd depleted mantle model ages of TMD = 2622 Ma-2939 Ma. All these geochemical features indicate that these granitoids were formed in an continent-marginal arc, and the trondhjemites mainly originated from partial melting of juvenile basaltic materials and, howbeit, the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites derived from recycling of materials in the ancient crust under a continent-marginal arc. The granitic magma underwent contamination and fractional crystallization during their formation.     

南天山榆树沟高压麻粒岩地体多期变质定年研究

通过详细的矿物学及岩石学研究,特别是对角闪石的系统研究,确定榆树沟麻粒岩地体至少经历过高压麻粒岩相、中压麻粒岩相、角闪岩相和绿片岩相四期变质作用的改造。总结了各期变质作用的期次和特点。在此基础上,采用~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar同位素定年获得368.2±4.8Ma坪年龄和360±10Ma等时线年龄。采用Sm-Nd同位素矿物等时线定年获得Gra+Pl+Ⅰlm+全岩的等时线年龄为310±5Ma。结合已发表的定年结果综合分析认为,前者可代表榆树沟地体峰期变质-高压麻粒岩相变质作用年龄;后者为峰期后经受中压麻粒岩相变质变形的叠加改造年龄。讨论了多期变质作用中同位素的均一化和封闭温度问题。     

油气储层研究所面临的挑战与新动向

本文通过野外与室内详细的观察与测试分析，深入系统地研究了鄂尔多斯地区下古生界主力气层准同生白云岩的岩石学特征，并配合阴极发光、微量元素、电子探针、氧碳同位素及扫描电镜等多种测试手段，研究其形成机理，进一步将之划分为云坪型准同生白云岩、膏盐湖型和受改造型准同生白云岩，并分别论述了它们的油气储集性。     

异常块体中金属资源量的计算方法初探

为了将区域化探异常的找矿意义作出定量化的评价，在前人研究的基础上，提出了区域化探异常块体中的金属资源量的计算方法与计算公式，其中选择了剩余异常值(M)作为计算异常块体内富集金属量的重要参数，提高了预测的准确性，初步实现了预测资源量从定性向定量化的转变。经已知矿产地异常块体的金属资源量的计算验证，效果令人满意。     

岩浆铜镍矿与钒钛磁铁矿的过渡类型--新疆哈密香山西矿床

铜镍硫化物矿床与钒钛磁铁矿矿床虽然同属与镁铁-超镁铁质岩有关的岩浆型矿床范畴,但在一般情况下,二者是不共生的.新疆东天山地区的香山西矿床则是一个铜镍矿与钛铁矿共生的实例.香山地区为一复式含矿杂岩体,最早期形成辉长岩(如角闪辉长岩、灰白色细粒辉长岩等)为主体的侵入;第二期侵入的是以辉橄岩、单辉橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩等为主的超镁铁质岩,含铜镍硫化物矿化;第三期则为岩浆期后残余岩浆形成的含钛铁矿化的辉长岩(脉).香山西铜镍-钛铁矿床含矿岩石的碱度、镁铁指数、岩浆酸度、钙碱富集指数等地球化学参数,氧逸度和硫逸度等物理化学参数均介于独立的典型铜镍硫化物和典型钒钛磁铁矿矿床之间.矿床中磁铁矿较其他钒钛磁铁矿矿床(尾亚)具较高的V和Ti含量,同时黄铁矿和黄铜矿具较高的Co、Ni和Cu含量,反映出成矿过程中,Cu-Ni-Co系列与V-Ti-Fe系列的分离不够彻底.形成本区CuNi-VTi复合型矿床的原因,可能在于矿床所处独特的构造环境--产于造山带,而不是克拉通(边缘).     

Volatiles,vesicles, and vugs: Unraveling the magmatic and eruptive histories of Steno crater basalts

In 1972, Apollo 17 astronauts returned 170.4 kg of lunar material. Within 1 month of their return, a subset of those samples was specially curated with the forethought that future analytical techniques would offer new insight into the formation and evolution of the Moon. Of interest in this work is sample 71036, a basalt collected from the rim of Steno crater in the Taurus–Littrow Valley, which was stored frozen and was processed and released for study 50 years later. We report, for the first time, the detailed mineralogy and petrology of 71036 and its companion samples 71035, 71037, and 71055 using a novel combination of 2-D and 3-D methods. We investigate lunar volatiles through in situ measurements of apatite and 3-D measurements of vesicles to understand the degassing histories of the Steno crater basalts. Our coupled 2-D petrography and 3-D tomography data sets support a model of the Steno crater basalts crystallizing in the upper crust of a mare lava flow. Apatite F and OH chemistry and the late-stage deformation of voids and formation of smaller vesicles provide evidence supporting coeval degassing of volatiles and crystallization of mesostasis apatite in Apollo 17 basalts. This work helps to close knowledge gaps surrounding the origin, magmatic evolution, emplacement, and crystallization history of high-titanium basalts.     

Glacial oscillations during the Bølling–Allerød Interstadial–Younger Dryas transition in the Ruda Valley,Central Pyrenees

The Upper Garonne Basin included the largest glacial system in the Pyrenees during the last glacial cycle. Within the long-term glacial retreat during Termination-1 (T-1), glacier fluctuations left geomorphic evidence in the area. However, the chronology of T-1 glacial oscillations on the northern slopes of the Central Pyrenees is still poorly constrained. Here, we introduce new geomorphological observations and a 12-sample dataset of ¹⁰Be cosmic-ray exposure ages from the Ruda Valley. This U-shaped valley, surrounded by peaks exceeding 2800 m a.s.l., includes a sequence of moraines and polished surfaces that enabled a reconstruction of the chronology of the last deglaciation. Following the maximum ice extent, warmer conditions prevailing at ~15–14 ka, during the Bølling–Allerød (B–A) Interstadial, favoured glacial retreat in the Ruda Valley. Within the B–A, glaciers experienced two phases of advance/stillstand with moraine formation at 13.5 and 13.0 ka. During the early Younger Dryas (YD), glacial retreat exposed the highest surfaces of the Saboredo Cirque (~2300–2350 m) at 12.7 ka. Small glaciers persisted only inside the highest cirques (~2470 m), such as in Sendrosa Cirque, with moraines stabilising at 12.6 ka. The results of this work present the most complete chronology for Pyrenean glacial oscillations from the B–A to the YD.