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123.
Andrzej P. Radliński Tara L. Busbridge Evan Mac A. Gray Tomasz P. Blach David J. Cookson 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2009,77(1-2):80-89
Time- and position-resolved synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering data were acquired from samples of two Australian coal seams: Bulli seam (Bulli 4, Ro = 1.42%, Sydney Basin), which naturally contains CO2 and Baralaba seam (Ro = 0.67%, Bowen Basin), a potential candidate for sequestering CO2. This experimental approach has provided unique, pore-size-specific insights into the kinetics of CO2 sorption in the micro- and small mesopores (diameter 5 to 175 Å) and the density of the sorbed CO2 at reservoir-like conditions of temperature and hydrostatic pressure.For both samples, at pressures above 5 bar, the density of CO2 confined in pores was found to be uniform, with no densification in near-wall regions. In the Bulli 4 sample, CO2 first flooded the slit pores between polyaromatic sheets. In the pore-size range analysed, the confined CO2 density was close to that of the free CO2. The kinetics data are too noisy for reliable quantitative analysis, but qualitatively indicate faster kinetics in mineral-matter-rich regions.In the Baralaba sample, CO2 preferentially invaded the smallest micropores and the confined CO2 density was up to five times that of the free CO2. Faster CO2 sorption kinetics was found to be correlated with higher mineral matter content but, the mineral-matter-rich regions had lower-density CO2 confined in their pores. Remarkably, the kinetics was pore-size dependent, being faster for smaller pores.These results suggest that injection into the permeable section of an interbedded coal-clastic sequence could provide a viable combination of reasonable injectivity and high sorption capacity. 相似文献
124.
Andrzej J. Maciejewski Maria Przybylska 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2004,89(2):145-164
We consider two fixed centres attracting a third body. Each centre is the source of a force field with potential V=−ar
−2n
, where n is a real number. We prove that this generalization of the classical two fixed centres problem is non-integrable except when
n= 0, 1/2, −1 and −2.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
125.
Kaja Pietsch Paweł Marzec Marcin Kobylarski Tomasz Danek Andrzej Leśniak Artur Tatarata Edward Gruszczyk 《Acta Geophysica》2007,55(2):191-208
The thin-layer build of the Carpathian Foredeep Miocene formations and large petrophysical parameter variation cause seismic
images of gas-saturated zones to be ambiguous, and the location of prospection wells on the basis of anomalous seismic record
is risky. A method that assists reservoir interpretation of standard recorded seismic profiles (P waves) can be a converted wave recording (PS waves).
This paper presents the results of application of a multicomponent seismic survey for the reservoir interpretation over the
Chałupki Dębniańskie gas deposit, carried out for the first time in Poland by Geofizyka Kraków Ltd. for the Polish Oil and
Gas Company. Seismic modeling was applied as the basic research tool, using the SeisMod program based on the finite-difference
solution of the acoustic wave equation and equations of motion. Seismogeological models for P waves were developed using Acoustic Logs; S-wave model (records only from part of the well) was developed on the basis of theoretical curves calculated by means of the
Estymacja program calibrated with average S-velocities, calculated by correlation of recorded P and PS wavefields with 1D modeling.
The conformity between theoretical and recorded wavefields makes it possible to apply the criteria established on the basis
of modeling for reservoir interpretation. Direct hydrocarbon indicators (bright spots, phase change, time sag) unambiguously
identify gas-prone layers within the ChD-2 prospect. A partial range of the indicators observed in the SW part of the studied
profile (bright spot that covers a single, anticlinally bent seismic horizon) points to saturation of the horizon. The proposed
location is confirmed by criteria determined for converted waves (continuous seismic horizons with constant, high amplitude)
despite poorer agreement between theoretical and recorded wavefields. 相似文献
126.
Several procedures for the statistical estimation of the region-characteristic maximum possible earthquake magnitude, m max, are currently available. This paper aims to introduce and compare the 12 existing procedures. For each of the procedures given, there are notes on its origin, assumptions made in its derivation, condition for validity, weak and strong points, etc. The applicability of each particular procedure is determined by the assumptions of the model and/or the available information on seismicity of the area. 相似文献
127.
Barbara Vokal-Nemec Janina Szaran Andrzej Trembaczowski Stanislaw Halas Tadej Dolenec Sonja Lojen 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2006,12(3):199-220
Measurements were made of sulphur and oxygen isotope ratios of sulphate in some Slovenian rivers, lakes and tap waters. δ34S ranged from −0.2 to + 13.3‰, δ18O ranged from +4.9 to + 13.6‰, and the sulphate content varied from 0.8 to 41.4 mg/L. Rivers flowing from the Julian Alps
contain a very low amount of sulphate that is leached from a thin horizon of soil by rain. As confirmed by their low δ18O values, these sulphates do not enter the rivers directly in rain, but arise from biochemical cycling in the soil. The low
δ34S of this sulphate indicates that it originates from the oxidation of sedimentary sulphides. The evolution of sulphates along
the river course was investigated for the Sava and Ljubljanica rivers. The variations observed in sulphate from the waters
studied result from variations in the contribution of sulphates of different origin. Downstream the Sava River sulphate is
depleted in the heavy isotopes of both sulphur and oxygen, with δ-values gradually tending toward the δ-values of groundwater
sulphates in the watershed. In contrast, the δ-values of sulphate in the Ljubljanica River are almost constant and similar
to those of sulphate in local groundwater. Introduction of water from Italian and Slovenian mines was recorded in the Soča
River, where the lowest δ34S value of sulphate sulphur (−0.2‰) was observed. In addition, the influence of sulphate from the oxidation of sedimentary
sulphides was recorded in the Sotla River. No evidence was found for introduction of sulphate from factories. 相似文献
128.
The previous study showed that the Zechstein (Upper Permian) anhydrites have about 0.2% strontium with a remarkably small sample scatter. Our study of three lower Zechstein anhydrite units (Lower Anhydrite, Upper Anhydrite and Basal Anhydrite) from West Poland indicate that although often the Sr content is 0.1–0.2%, there are common deviations. In particular, a considerable part (28%) of the studied samples is characterized by lower values (<0.1%), and on the other hand ca. 15% of samples are Sr-enriched, and in those samples celestite was recorded. Particular anhydrite levels differ especially in the frequency of samples showing great Sr content. The greatest variation was found in the Lower Anhydrite. This agrees well with the conclusion derived from the sedimentological studies indicating that there was the greatest differentiation of depositional environments during the deposition of the Lower Anhydrite. The Sr content is a good indicator of brine concentration during the gypsum precipitation and it seems that the subsequent gypsum–anhydrite transformation itself does not affect the strontium distribution. The histograms of Sr content in the Basal Anhydrite indicate a slightly higher brine concentration than it was during the Lower Anhydrite deposition, and the latter in turn was higher than brine concentration during the Upper Anhydrite sedimentation. Celestite veins are clearly diagenetic in origin. The form of celestite occurrence and the increased strontium content (1% or more) indicate an additional source of ions that occurred outside the anhydrite series. In the case of the Lower Anhydrite, the supposed additional source of Sr was related to aragonite-to-calcite transition and squeezing of CaCl2 brines from reefs into anhydrite series due to increased pressure. For the Basal Anhydrite this source could be related to brines derived from the Older Halite deposits. 相似文献
129.
130.
Summary Pre-Variscan basement in southern Poland is poorly exposed and thus known mostly from subsurface data. The availability of the latter is reviewed for terrains located between the Sudetes and the East European Platform. In these terrains the following relationships have been documented: Cadomian granitoids capped by Variscan flysch, Palaeozoic platform strata, Palaeozic folded and partly thermally altered successions, and low-grade metamorphic rocks overlain by Middle Cambrian strata. In view of their interrelationships the location of the Avalonia-Baltica suture in southeastern Poland is uncertain. 相似文献