Studying surface structure in desert areas using multiple kinds of surface wave data

Shallow surface wave methods are mostly used for investigation of the surface velocity structure in environmental and engineering geophysics in non-desert areas. For the special geological features of the Takelamagan Desert area, we use the multi-channel analysis of surface wave （MASW） method to process multi-channel shallow surface wave records to determine the near surface velocity structure in the desert area. We also process, analyze, and compare the surface waves in many-trace records extracted from the oil exploration shot gathers in the area. We show that the MASW method can determine detailed shallow velocity structure in desert areas and the many-trace records can be used to get detailed deep geological structure. The combination of the two different datasets can obtain the exact velocity structure upper 60 m depth in the survey area.     

Geochemistry and detrital zircon records of the Ruyang-Luoyu groups,southern North China Craton:Provenance,crustal evolution and Paleo-Mesoproterozoic tectonic implications

Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks in the southern margin of the North China Craton(NCC)are represented by the Ruyang and Luoyu groups.We studied the sedimentary rocks from the Yunmengshan and Beidajian formations of the Ruyang Group and the Cuizhuang and Sanjiaotang formations of the Luoyu Group.Detrital zircon grains from these formations have U–Pb age populations of 3.64–3.31 Ga,2.96–2.86 Ga,2.72–2.59 Ga,2.56–2.47 Ga,2.45–2.0 Ga,1.99–1.85 Ga and 1.84–1.65 Ga.The geochemical features of the sedimentary rocks suggest that some of the sediments were sourced from intermediate to felsic magmatic rocks.The age groups of the detrital zircon are roughly consistent with the tectono-thermal events in the southern margin of the NCC.The Hf isotopic compositions of detrital zircon from the sedimentary rocks in Ruyang and Luoyu groups suggest that significant crustal growth and reworking of the NCC took place during the Neoarchean and early-to mid-Paleoproterozoic,while crustal reworking at the Paleoarchean and late-Paleoproterozoic,and crustal growth at the Mesoarchean.We suggest the depositional times of the Ruyang Group and Luoyu Group are constrained to no older than 1.75–1.7 Ga and 1.7–1.65 Ga,respectively.Formation of late-Paleoproterozoic basins related to the strike slip and extrusion tectonics that cross-cut the NCC during the late Paleoproterozoic(<1.75 Ga),and the late Paleoproterozoic sedimentation once isochronous developed in the southern margin of the NCC through the Taihang region of the interior NCC and linked the Yanshan–Liaoxi regions of the northern NCC.     

The influence of agriculture in the process of population integration and cultural interaction during the Eastern Zhou Period in central-south,Inner Mongolia: Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of human bones from the Dabaoshan cemetery,Helingeer County

Central-south Inner Mongolia, China, is highly sensitive to the cultural interactions between sedentary agriculturalists and nomadic pastoralists during the Eastern Zhou Period (770–256 BC). The previous pattern of multiple cultures and diverse ethnic groups has been transformed to the increasingly dominated cultural system of Central Plain since the middle and late Warring States Period, when the states of Zhao and Qin have conquered the most parts of central-south Inner Mongolia. However, the variation of subsistence strategies during this historical process has never been evaluated. Particularly, as the typical representative of Central Plain cultures, the effect of intensive millet agriculture is still unknown in the process of population integration and culture interaction. Thus, to explore the shift of subsistence pattern, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bone collagen from Dabaoshan site (410–180 BC) have been performed. The isotopic result indicates a large amount of C4-based animal protein consumed by Dabaoshan humans. According to the archaeological backgrounds, we propose the Dabaoshan persons intensively relied on the millet agriculture and developed the agro-pastoral economy, which hinted the comprehensive influences from Central plain civilizations in late Warring States Period. Further compared with other published isotopic data in the same region during different periods, we suggest the millet agriculture has played the positive role in the process of population integration and culture fusion in central-south Inner Mongolia during the Eastern Zhou Period.     

滇西北地区高山湖泊沃迪错近两百年来环境变化及枝角类群落响应

区域增温和大气氮沉降作用已成为高山湖泊面临的重要环境胁迫,已有高山湖泊生物群落响应的长期模式研究主要集中于藻类而缺乏更高营养级生物(如浮游动物)的系统调查。本研究选择滇西北地区深水型的高山湖泊沃迪错开展沉积物调查,通过多指标分析(总氮、总磷、叶绿素a、氮稳定同位素等)并结合区域气候重建记录,识别近两百年来该湖泊及流域环境的变化历史,进一步利用枝角类群落指标(物种组成、生物量等)定量评价了湖泊生物群落的响应模式与驱动因子。结果表明,湖泊营养水平(如总氮浓度)和初级生产力(叶绿素a浓度等)在过去近两百年总体呈上升趋势。相关分析显示,大气氮沉降和流域外源输入是影响总氮上升的主要因素,同时区域增温和营养盐富集促进了湖泊初级生产力的不断上升。自1960s以来区域升温明显,湖泊营养水平和叶绿素a浓度呈现加速上升的趋势。钻孔中枝角类群落以浮游属种(Daphnia longispina等)为优势种,在1900AD以前D.longispina相对丰度较为稳定(40.83%±8.02%),之后出现下降趋势且在1948—1965年间明显下降,之后再次明显上升并成为主要优势种。排序分析显示,气温、叶绿素a和总...     

Changes in Shale Rock Properties and Wave Velocity Anisotropy Induced by Increasing Temperature

Natural Resources Research - Water saturation, organic matter content, and fractures are important factors influencing the physical properties of shale. In this study, shale samples were subjected...     

Superpenumbral chromospheric flare

We observed a C-class flare at the outer boundary of the superpenumbra of a sunspot. The flare was triggered by an emerging magnetic bipolar region that was obliquely oriented with respect to the superpenumbral fibrils. The flare started due to the low height magnetic reconnection of emerging magnetic flux with a superpenumbral field resulting in hot multi-temperature plasma flows in the inverse Evershed flow channel and its overlying atmosphere. Inverse Evershed flows in the chromosphere start from the superpenumbra towards the sunspot that end at the outer boundary of the penumbra. The hot plasma flow towards the sunspot in the inverse Evershed channels show about 10 km s~(-1) higher velocity in Hα wavelengths compared to the plasma emissions at various temperatures as seen in different AIA filters. Even though these velocities are about seven times higher than the typical inverse Evershed flow speeds, the flow is diminished at the outer boundary of the sunspot's penumbra. This suggests that the superpenumbral field lines that carry inverse Evershed flows are discontinued at the boundary where the penumbral field lines dive into the sun and these two sets of field lines are completely distinct. The discontinuity in the typical magnetic field and plasma properties at the adjoining of these two sets of field lines further leads to discontinuity in the characteristic magnetoacoustic and Alfv′en speeds, thereby stopping the plasma flows further on. The multi-temperature plasma in the inverse Evershed channels exhibits possible longitudinal oscillations initially during the onset of the flare, and later flows towards the sunspot. In the multi-temperature view, the different layers above the flare region have a mixture of supersonic as well as subsonic flows.     

Partial Melting Processes During Exhumation of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Rocks in Dabieshan, China

INTRODUCTIONUptonowthereisinagreementonthetectonic-dynamicbackgroundoftheformationofUHPmetamorphicrocks,i.e.,theUHPMrocksareproductsofobliquecollisionbe-tweentheYangtzeandSinokoreancratonsinIndosinianstage(Jahn,1998lWangandCong,l998,1996;Lietal.,l997,l996iHackeretal.,l996ILiouet.al.,l9961Okay;Sen-gor,l993,CongandWang,l994;Sengor,1993).Buthowthesemetamorphicrocksareformedatmantledepthexhumedbacktothesurfacesorapidlyisstillastandingproblem-TheexhumationofUHPMrocksisacomplextectoni…     

Relic UHP Structures in Dabie-Sulu Region, China:Structural Expression and Geodynamic Significance

INTRODUCTIONIn recent years a num ber of detailed m ineralogical- petro-logical studies have been carried out on the UHP and HPmetamorphic belts in the Dabie- Sulu region,central China(see review papers by Jahn,1999;Ernst and L iou,1999;Wallis et al.,1999;Hacker et al.,1996 ;L iou et al.,1996 ;Cong et al.,1994) . Various tectonic evolution models for theUHP belt in the Dabie- Sulu region have been constructed(e.g.,Webb etal.,1999;Hacker et al.,1996 ;Cong et al.,1994) .However,as …     

天津蓟州五名山滑坡隐患早期识别监测

为精确识别五名山滑坡隐患,利用Sentinel-1A/B升降轨数据,基于SBAS-InSAR技术反演2017-03~2021-04该地区垂向和坡向形变,识别滑坡灾害以及隐患点,对形变时间序列及滑坡原因进行分析。结果表明,五名山潜在地质灾害隐患可分为3个区域,其中最大垂向累积形变达-38.28 mm,临空面坡体最大坡向累积形变为22.10 mm;降水量对坡体稳定性具有不同程度的影响,坡体累积形变峰值滞后于降水峰值。研究成果可回溯蓟州五名山滑坡灾害形变特征,为天津北部山区地质灾害监测识别提供新思路,为防灾减灾提供保障和技术支持。     

各层北半球环形模态异常与地面大气温度的关系研究

文中研究了不同气压层的北半球环形模态异常时,与之相应的北半球地面大气温度的变化及其月际变率特征。为衡量温度变化的程度,使用偏最小二乘回归方法定义了一个新的耦合指数。该指数定义为对地面气温距平场和北半球环形模态指数做偏最小二乘回归分析的第1主分量。分析表明,该指数可以较准确地表现出北半球环形模态异常时相应的整个温度场变化程度。通过该指数序列分析和环形模态异常时地面气温合成分析,比较了处于不同气压层面的北半球环形模态异常与地面大气温度异常的不同关系。(1)不同层面的北半球环形模态异常与同时期的地面温度关系比较:1月对流层中高层的北半球环形模态异常与1月地面温度异常关系最密切,密切程度超过其他气压层的北半球环形模态异常,与2月地面温度关系较显著的是1月平流层低层的北半球环形模态异常;(2)环形模态异常与地面气温耦合关系的月际变率分析结果:1月位于对流层中高层的北半球环形模态异常与1月地面气温耦合关系最强烈,与其他各月地面气温的耦合逐月递减,4月之后变得不明显;1月平流层低层的北半球环形模态异常除了与1月气温关系密切外,还与2、3月地面气温关系密切,4月之后不明显。