龙骨坡遗址第7水平层石制品新材料

文章记述并分析了20世纪90年代后期重庆巫山龙骨坡遗址出土于第7水平层的16件石制品,包括若干各具特色的工具类型,如原型手镐、原型薄刃斧、大型尖刃器、直刃砍砸器、凸刃砍砸器、长刃石刀、短刃石刀、刮削器、凿刃器等,反映出石器制作者明确的工作目标和为了达到目标所经历的一个又一个中间过程;说明了当时的人类对工具制作的具体需求和适当利用自然环境的事实。研究证据还体现了大约200万年前华南早期人类工具类型的多样性与特殊性,标志着中国早期人类在当时阶段所达到的技术发展水平。龙骨坡遗址很可能是东亚早期人类文化的一个发祥地。     

冈底斯斑岩铜矿（化）带：西藏第二条“玉龙”铜矿带？

通过广泛的野外地质调查和岩石地球化学,矿床学,Re-Os同位素,硫、铅同位素的综合研究,首次比较系统地论述了雅鲁藏布江北侧冈底斯斑岩型铜矿带含矿斑岩的岩石地球化学特征和矿床的蚀变矿化特征,查明了矿化时代和成矿物质来源,阐明了该带铜 (钼、金) 多金属成矿作用与冈底斯碰撞造山带发展演化的关系.并通过与玉龙斑岩铜矿带的简要对比,指出位于雅鲁藏布江北侧的冈底斯斑岩铜矿带完全有可能成为西藏的第二条“玉龙” 铜矿带,具有形成世界级铜矿带的巨大潜力.研究表明,冈底斯斑岩铜矿带含矿斑岩属钾玄岩至高钾钙碱性岩系.地球化学上以富集大离子不相容元素 Rb、Ba、Th、Sr,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta和重稀土元素 Yb为特点;稀土元素则为轻、重稀土分馏明显的平滑右倾型式. 矿床具有自斑岩体向外由钾化→绢英岩化→青盘岩化的蚀变分带;矿化以岩浆期后阶段形成的脉状、网脉状和细脉浸染状矿体为主,矿石矿物组合简单.含矿斑岩和硫化物具有一致的硫、铅同位素组成,硫同位素具幔源特征,铅同位素显示造山带铅特点.由南木矿区5个辉钼矿样品得出了t=(14.6±0.20)Ma的Re-Os等时线年龄,说明成矿时代与斑岩体的侵入时代 (20～14 Ma) 是一致的.     

中国极端气候事件的群发性规律研究

基于k阶最近邻距离丛集点提取算法及一系列理论研究成果,将其应用于群发性极端气候事件的研究中,定义年代际群发性指数以及群发高值区,对中国极端气候事件的群发性规律和年代际空间演变特征进行分析和探讨。研究结果表明,极端高温事件在20世纪60年代与70年代空间分布上存在较大差异;极端低温事件群发性指数70年代在南方地区的加强很可能为该年代际偏冷的气候背景贡献了主要作用;大暴雨事件的群发高值区主要集中在中国的南方地区,这和大暴雨事件的定义可能存在联系;强降水事件的高群发带与中国近50年多雨带的分布格局具有很好的一致性。     

西昆仑库地混杂岩带中深海浊积岩的浊积相划分及其特征

西昆仑库地混杂岩带中发育一套深海浊积岩。本文在系统的沉积相分析基础上,识别并划分出本区浊积岩的7类浊积相及14种亚相,结合其成因分别对各浊积相(亚相)的沉积特征、垂向分布规律进行了总结与描述。此外,垂向上还识别出3种浊积相组合,文中对其沉积序列特征及其所代表的环境意义进行了阐述。结合其它资料,探讨了这套浊流沉积的沉积环境,认为它形成于位于消减带和海沟之间的弧前盆地环境。     

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上海城市发展的环境问题及其对策研究

上海市的发展战略;空间布局模式和环境管理是文章讨论的三个主要问题。作者认为:(1)战略设想要立足于上海的发展,“开发浦东、振兴上海、服务全国、面向世界;”(2)新的空间布局模式应为“逐步形成新的CBD,强化和完善金融和服务功能”;(3)城市发展和环境建设要协调。文章着重讨论了上海城市发展中出现的环境问题及其治理的对策和措施。     

Structural and stratigraphical constraints on the kinematics history of the Southern Tan–Lu Fault Zone during the Mesozoic Anhui Province, China

The Tan–Lu Fault Zone (TLFZ) extends in a NNE–SSW direction for more than 2000 km in Eastern China. It has been considered either as a major sinistral strike-slip fault, as a suture zone or as a normal fault. We have conducted a structural analysis of the southern segment of this fault zone (STLFZ) in the Anhui Province. The ages (Triassic to Palaeocene) of the formations affected by the faults have been re-appraised taking into account recent stratigraphical studies to better constraint the ages of the successive stages of the kinematics of the STLFZ. Subsequently, the kinematics of the faults is presented in terms of strain/stress fields by inversion of the striated fault set data. Finally, the data are discussed in the light of the results obtained by previous workers.We propose the following history of the STLFZ kinematics during the Mesozoic. At the time of collision, a  NNE orientated Tan–Lu margin probably connected two margins located north of the Dabie and Sulu collision belts. During the Middle–Late Triassic, the SCB has been obliquely subducted below the NCB along this margin which has acted as a compressional transfer zone between the Dabie and Sulu continental subduction zones. The STLFZ has been initiated during the Early Jurassic and has acted as a sinistral transform fault during the Jurassic, following which the NCB/SCB collision stopped. A  NW-trending extension related to metamorphic domes was active during the basal Early Cretaceous ( 135–130 Ma); it has been followed by a NW–SE compression and a NE–SW tension during the middle–late Early Cretaceous ( 127 to  105 Ma, possibly  95 Ma); at that time the TLFZ was a sinistral transcurrent fault within the eastern part of the Asian continent. During the Late Cretaceous–Palaeocene, the STLFZ was a normal fault zone under a WNW–ESE tension.     

岩浆不混溶的物理化学条件—以河北阳原杂岩体为例

本文主要讨论了岩浆不混溶的内在因素和物化条件。研究提出阳原杂岩大于零的过剩自由能是出现不混溶的内在原因。岩浆中高P_2O_5、TiO_2、Zr、Hf、Ta、REE是岩浆不混溶的诱导因素。化学位计算揭示了球状黑云辉石正长岩之球体、基质两相及正长质和辉石质岩浆单元在液态时曾处于平衡状态。岩浆不混溶可能是在温度约1200℃、上地壳深度范围内发生的。阳原母岩浆不混溶的两液相可以分离聚集成两大岩浆单元,岩浆分溶不充分,便产生中间成分的黑云辉石正长岩。     

Identification and stage classification of Precambrian rifts in the Tarim craton,northwestern China

The study of Precambrian rifts, such as those found in the Tarim craton, is of great interest in the field of deep petroleum exploration as the source rocks of the rifts are depositional deep lacustrine facies. In this study, two buried rifts (Manjiaer and Wushi rifts) that may exist in the Tarim craton are identified based on the seismic profiles. Through the analysis of the outcrops and stratigraphic columns of the identified rifts, two types of rifts are classified and their evolution is divided into different stages. The evolution of the Manjiaer rift, which experiences frequent volcanic activity, can be roughly divided into three rift periods. Meanwhile, the evolution of the Wushi rift can be simply divided into two rift periods during the Nanhuan–Sinian period. A noticeably stronger activity of the Manjiaer rift in comparison with that of the Wushi rift was noted. The paleogeography of the Proterozoic Tarim craton was also reconstructed, and the prospect for deep petroleum exploration in the Tarim craton is proposed.     

重新认识宿松群

本文在对原宿松群进行深入研究和解剖基础上，将其解体为浦河片麻岩套与宿松岩群。重新厘定了宿松岩群自下而上，由甘田拗岩组（新建）、柳坪岩组、大新屋岩组、梓树坞岩组（新建）所组成的构造地层序列。分析了宿松岩群在南部与原大别群非不整合接触关系，在北部为过渡关系。从孢粉组合，地层序列等方面进一步论证了宿松岩群属震旦系。为重新认识大别山变质造山带的形成演化及高压带形成折返机制提供了新的地质依据。