菲律宾海北部四国海盆全新世沉积物源分析

对IODP333航次四国海盆北部地区C0011站位表层样品进行粒度和Sr-Nd同位素分析,并与前人发表的邻近海域同位素数据进行比较。经分离自生碳酸盐组分,四国海盆全新世沉积物呈现较好的陆源、火山源二端元组分特征。从地理位置看,四国海盆北部主要物质来源包括伊豆-小笠原海脊火山物质、日本列岛西南部的混合型沉积物以及由西向风或河流入海洋流输送而来的亚洲陆地沉积物,且日本列岛西南部对于该区域物质贡献最大。对四国海盆北部而言,与海盆中部沉积及日本海沉积相比,源自亚洲大陆的碎屑沉积物具有更多的贡献。沉积物中87Sr/86Sr与εNd、平均粒径的负相关关系反映了沉积物中陆源物质的相对贡献按时间顺序呈现增加、减小、增加、减少的多周期变化趋势。     

济阳坳陷四扣洼陷泥质岩裂缝储层预测研究

通过对济阳坳陷四扣洼陷及郭局子地区泥质岩储层的裂缝类型、识别特征进行的研究，认为影响本区裂缝发育程度的因素是区域构造应力及构造部位、岩性、岩相、岩层厚度、埋深及地层压力。并在此基础上建立了地质模型、力学模型和数学模型，运用三维有限元方法对四扣洼陷构造裂缝储层的分布进行了预测。通过预测，提出了研究区裂缝发育在平面上具有不均匀性、连片性差、与断层关系密切的特点，进一步指出了罗42－罗48井区等8个区带为裂缝发育的地区。这项研究不仅对研究区泥岩油气勘探，而且对济阳坳陷及类似地区的泥岩油气勘探有重要指导和启示意义。     

珠江口河流输沙、河口沉积与粒度信息之间的联系

河口三角洲地区泥沙供应充分，是现代沉积速率较高的区域。快速沉积的泥沙包含高分辨率的环境信息。采用放射性同位素测年方法研究了珠江口伶仃洋大铲湾海域6个柱样的现代沉积速率，以2mm的间隔分析了其中2个柱样上部的粒度，并对其平均粒径和珠江流域的年输沙量进行了快速傅里叶变换，以期获取河流泥沙供应、河口沉积速率和沉积物垂向粒度变化的对应关系。结果表明，大铲湾海域的沉积速率为1～3cm／a，受动力条件和泥沙供应条件的影响显著。2个柱样的平均粒径的最显著重现周期与珠江年输沙量的周期性有较好的对应关系，并可能反映了季节的、年的和多年的沉积速率信息。对于每年沉积厚度在厘米级的环境，以毫米级的高分辨率进行粒度分析，有可能揭示出沉积物供应的季节变化和年际变化。本研究亦可为其他河口的相关工作提供借鉴。     

相关处理机多制式兼容性测试的初步结果

我国VLBI网包括上海佘山、乌鲁木齐和昆明 3个观测站 ,以及上海天文台研制的两台站相关处理机。上海佘山和乌鲁木齐站已升级成MK4制式和只使用薄磁带 ,而昆明站只能使用S2制式。因此 ,实现相关处理机对不同制式数据和薄磁带的兼容 ,是我国VLBI网顺利运行的关键。给出了多制式VLBI观测实验和相关处理的初步结果 ,总结了相关处理机升级后的处理能力 ,并对相关处理机的下一步发展作简单讨论     

Ensemble data assimilation in a simple coupled climate model: The role of ocean-atmosphere interaction

A conceptual coupled ocean-atmosphere model was used to study coupled ensemble data assimilation schemes with a focus on the role of ocean-atmosphere interaction in the assimilation. The optimal scheme was the fully coupled data assimilation scheme that employs the coupled covariance matrix and assimilates observations in both the atmosphere and ocean. The assimilation of synoptic atmospheric variability that captures the temporal fluctuation of the weather noise was found to be critical for the estimation of not only the atmospheric, but also oceanic states. The synoptic atmosphere observation was especially important in the mid-latitude system, where oceanic variability is driven by weather noise. The assimilation of synoptic atmospheric variability in the coupled model improved the atmospheric variability in the analysis and the subsequent forecasts, reducing error in the surface forcing and, in turn, in the ocean state. Atmospheric observation was able to further improve the oceanic state estimation directly through the coupled covariance between the atmosphere and ocean states. Relative to the mid-latitude system, the tropical system was influenced more by ocean-atmosphere interaction and, thus, the assimilation of oceanic observation becomes more important for the estimation of the ocean and atmosphere.     

小兴安岭鹿鸣大型钼矿LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

鹿鸣钼矿是小兴安岭地区于近年发现的大型斑岩型钼矿床。为探讨研究区成岩成矿关系及其地质意义,在对矿化特征分析的基础上,采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb技术对鹿鸣地区含矿二长花岗岩测年,获得成岩年龄为 (187.1±1.2) Ma (n=15, MSWD=0.70) 。通过辉钼矿样品Re-Os同位素分析,获得等值线年龄为(177.4±3.5) Ma (n=11, MSWD=0.71) ,加权平均年龄为(178.08±0.79) Ma (n=11,MSWD=0.46)。两种方法获得的年龄大致相近,表明它们形成于同一成岩成矿系统。鹿鸣钼矿成岩成矿年龄,与乌奴格吐山铜钼矿、兰家沟钼矿和杨家杖子钼矿等矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄相近,表明包括小兴安岭地区在内的我国东北地区广泛存在早侏罗世岩浆-成矿作用。微量元素和同位素指纹显示,鹿鸣钼矿形成于地壳挤压向拉伸转换的构造环境,成矿物质为壳幔混合来源。     

Fengyun-4 Geostationary Satellite-Based Solar Energy Nowcasting System and Its Application in North China

Surface solar irradiance (SSI) nowcasting (0–3 h) is an effective way to overcome the intermittency of solar energy and to ensure the safe operation of grid-connected solar power plants. In this study, an SSI estimate and nowcasting system was established using the near-infrared channel of Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) geostationary satellite. The system is composed of two key components: The first is a hybrid SSI estimation method combining a physical clear-sky model and an empirical cloudy-sky model. The second component is the SSI nowcasting model, the core of which is the derivation of the cloud motion vector (CMV) using the block-matching method. The goal of simultaneous estimation and nowcasting of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and direct normal irradiance (DNI) is fulfilled. The system was evaluated under different sky conditions using SSI measurements at Xianghe, a radiation station in the North China Plain. The results show that the accuracy of GHI estimation is higher than that of DNI estimation, with a normalized root-mean-square error (nRMSE) of 22.4% relative to 45.4%. The nRMSE of forecasting GHI and DNI at 30–180 min ahead varied within 25.1%–30.8% and 48.1%–53.4%, respectively. The discrepancy of SSI estimation depends on cloud occurrence frequency and shows a seasonal pattern, being lower in spring–summer and higher in autumn–winter. The FY-4A has great potential in supporting SSI nowcasting, which promotes the development of photovoltaic energy and the reduction of carbon emissions in China. The system can be improved further if calibration of the empirical method is improved.     

嵩山地区新构造运动研究

根据几年来对嵩山地区的考察和研究 ,通过对夷平面、河流阶地、串珠状洪积扇等诸多地貌现象的分析 ,论述了嵩山地区新构造运动以间歇性抬升运动和掀斜运动为主的特征。     

发达国家禁用(限用)含磷洗衣粉的措施

于１９９５年４月－１９９６年１月对杭州西湖沉积物的若干物理,化学性状作了研究,沉降试验表明,沉积物中粒径在０．０６７－０．００２９mm之间的颗粒占沉积物总量的８０．８％,０．００２９mm以下的占４．３％,基本属于粉砂级范围,沉积物受扰动后再悬浮会明显影响水体的透明度,沉积物处于中性（ＰＨ＝６．６０－７．４０）和低厌氧状态（ＥＨ＝－３ｍＶ至１６７ｍＶ）,界面溶解氧含量在１mg／Ｌ左右,沉积物处于中性（ＰＨ     

乌鲁木齐河源冬季积雪淋溶作用的实验结果

乌鲁木齐河源冬季积雪样品的对比淋溶实验结果表明 ,积雪最初融水中发生离子富集现象 ,尤其对于经过多次融冻循环的积雪样品 ,Cl-,NO-3 和SO2 -4 的最大浓缩系数可分别高达 2 .7,4.0和4.5 ,因此有理由认为积雪融化是产生淋溶现象的先决条件 ,但发生该现象的根本原因在于积雪内不同离子成分的存在位置有所差异 ,并且融 -冻循环过程可增强积雪的淋溶作用程度及其淋溶择优性 .