Strain and stress changes in the Tokai region of central Japan expected from a 3D subduction model

Using a 3D simulation model with a rate- and state-dependent friction law, Kuroki et al. (2002) discussed a process of a hypothetical great earthquake in the Tokai region, where the Philippine Sea plate subducts beneath the Eurasian plate. One of the main concerns was characteristic changes in volumetric strain and displacement on the ground surface which are caused by the evolution of the coupling between the two plates, i.e. evolution of a strongly coupled region between the plates which results in a preslip of the earthquake.In the present paper we discuss other observable phenomena which might help us to identify the stage of the coupling. The preslip of the earthquake could be more effectively detected by using full information about the change of strain rather than volumetric strain alone; the change in rotation angle of principal strain axes should amount to several tens of degrees while the order of the change in volumetric strain is 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻⁷ for 1 day before the earthquake. The spatial pattern of the displacement field on the ground surface provides us with information on the intermediate-term precursory changes in the plate coupling. Information given by micro-earthquakes is less direct. The seismicity should change considerably when a highly shear-stressed ring on the plate interface passes nearby, and ups and downs of seismicity rate will be estimated by Coulomb failure stress. On the other hand, focal mechanisms are rather insensitive to the progress of plate subduction. The changes may be not significant even at the time of the preslip. The interplate coupling yields a stress field that should produce reverse fault type mechanisms, but the stress field is modulated by a curved shape of the plate interface. Superposition of a regional tectonic stress to this field explains observed spatial distribution of focal mechanisms in the Tokai region which involve large strike-slip components.     

Experimental verification of torsional response control of asymmetric buildings using MR dampers

This paper proposes a semiactive control system to reduce the coupled lateral and torsional motions in asymmetric buildings subjected to horizontal seismic excitations. Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are applied as semiactive control devices and the control input determination is based on a clipped‐optimal control algorithm which uses absolute acceleration feedback. The performance of this method is studied experimentally using a 2‐story building model with an asymmetric stiffness distribution. An automated system identification methodology is implemented to develop a control‐oriented model which has the natural frequencies observed in the experimental system. The parameters for the MR damper model are identified using experimental data to develop an integrated model of the structure and MR dampers. To demonstrate the performance of this control system on the experimental structure, a shake table is used to reproduce an El Centro 1940 N–S earthquake as well as a random white noise excitation. The responses for the proposed control system are compared to those of passive control cases in which a constant voltage is applied to the MR damper. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

岳西县菖蒲地区地质体组成及变质变形特征

】通过对菖蒲地区１∶１００００区域地质调查,基本查明了大别山超高压变质带的岩石组成、产出状态及分布规律。探讨了榴辉岩形成的多样性,指出碧溪岭榴辉岩体的“Ｓ型”构造形态,并确定了港河浅变质火山碎屑岩系的层序。     

微细浸染型金矿深源成矿流体的硅同位素地球化学示踪

对黔西南和桂西北微细浸染型金矿床围岩,矿石和热液硅化石英的硅同位素组成及硅质阴极发光特征的研究发现,原生硅化石英不发光,而围岩中的石英和次生硅化石英明显发光、与对对应,围岩中石英的硅同位素组成与矿石的热液硅化石英的硅同位素组成也可以明显分开。     

膜孔多向交汇入渗湿润体特性试验研究

通过大量膜孔多向交汇入渗试验资料.分析了膜孔多向交汇入渗湿润体形状、湿润锋运移和湿润体内土壤含水率,该研究成果可为进一步研究膜孔交汇入渗规律和膜孔灌技术提供参考.     

MM5模式移植及业务应用系统

MM5模式是国际上应用比较广泛的一种中尺度气象模式，因为它采用了非静力平衡动力框架、可选择的多种物理过程以及四维同化(FDDA)等先进技术，在气象科研和业务预报领域取得了广泛的应用。由于技术的原因，MM5模式一直运行在UNIX系统之下，直接在Windows系统下运行的个例还不多。作者尝试将MM5模式由UNIX系统移植到Windows系统并据此建立了微机业务应用系统。详细介绍了模式在移植过程中所要注意的几个问题、微机业务技术系统的结构及预报方案。     

Boron isotopic composition of fumarolic condensates and sassolites from Satsuma Iwo-jima,Japan

¹¹B/¹⁰B ratios of the high temperature fumarolic gases (>465°C) of this island were found to be constant within the limits of experimental error (¹¹B/¹⁰B = 4.066). This value may represent the ¹¹B/¹⁰B ratio of boron in the andesite magma. ¹¹B/¹⁰B ratios of the low temperature fumarolic gases (<235°C) were found to vary from 4.053 to 4.077. ¹¹B/¹⁰B ratios of some sassolites were approximately equal to that of the fumarolic condensates and the other ones were slightly enriched in ¹⁰B compared to the fumarolic condensates.