半参数模型核光滑估计与模拟分析

讨论了半参数模型核光滑估计的两种方法．即偏核光滑估计与偏残差估计，通过构造核估计广义交叉核实函数自动选取窗口参数。最后将模拟计算与光滑样条进行了比较，表明该方法可以用于曲线拟合或模型系统误差估计。     

Influence of the Convection over the South China Sea on the Summer Precipitation of Shandong Province

1　Introduction　ShandongProvince ,whichislocatedintheeastofChina ,consistspartlyofpeninsulaandpartlyofinlandwithatotalareaofabout 1 5 0 0 0 0km2 .Lyingfrom34°2 0′Nto 38°2 0′Nandfrom 1 1 4°4 0′Eto 1 2 2°4 0′E ,alltheareabelongstothemoderateregionandtothetypicalAsianmonsoonclimate .SoShandong’ssum merprecipitationaccountsforover 6 0 %oftheannualrainfall,andaccordinglyflood droughtdisastersmain lyoccurinsummer.Moreover,becauseitisgeographi callylocatedinthetransitionalareabetweenthe…     

Diurnal variation of CO2 concentration, Δ14C and δ13C in an urban forest: estimate of the anthropogenic and biogenic CO2 contributions

Diurnal variation in the atmospheric CO₂ concentration and the carbon isotopic composition (Δ¹⁴C and δ¹³C) was measured in a forest in an urban area on 9 February 1999. The carbon isotope approach used in the present study differentiated between the quantitative contributions from anthropogenic and biogenic CO₂ sources in the urban atmosphere. The anthropogenic (fossil fuel) and biogenic (soil respiration) contributions was estimated, and they ranged from 1 to 16% and from 2 to 8% of the total atmospheric CO₂. The diurnal variation of the anthropogenic CO₂ was the major cause of the total atmospheric CO₂ variation, while the biogenic CO₂ remained relatively constant throughout the day. Estimating the contribution of soil respired CO₂ provided the mean residence time of soil respired CO₂ within the forest atmosphere.     

Non-Existence of the Modified First Integral by Symplectic Integration Methods II: Kepler Problem

Symplectic integration methods conserve the Hamiltonian quite well because of the existence of the modified Hamiltonian as a formal conserved quantity. For a first integral of a given Hamiltonian system, the modified first integral is defined to be a formal first integral for the modified Hamiltonian. It is shown that the Runge-Lenz vector of the Kepler problem is not well conserved by symplectic methods, and that the corresponding modified first integral does not exist. This conclusion is given for a one-parameter family of symplectic methods including the symplectic Euler method and the Störmer/Verlet method.     

一种面向位置数据隐私保护的离线地磁定位模型

基于位置服务给人们的生活带来极大的便利,而目前定位系统特别是室内定位普遍依赖于无线网络信号.很多情况下,用户有位置隐私保护的需求,然而,在目前的大数据时代,基于网络的室内定位服务要求用户将个人位置信息实时提供给服务提供商,这导致用户隐私的泄露.如何有效实现室内的基于位置服务,并且保护用户的个人位置信息就成了大数据时代的一个关键问题.本文介绍了一种面向位置数据隐私保护的离线地磁定位模型,利用加速度传感器和微机电磁力计检测行人步态和地球磁场来实现室内定位.本模型利用加速度计检测行人的步态信息,配合磁力计检测的磁场信息与指纹地图进行匹配,实现了室内定位需求的同时又解决了用户位置信息泄露的问题,为大数据时代如何保护用户的位置信息提供了一个有效的解决办法.