中国城市PM2.5污染对居民主观幸福感的影响及支付意愿研究

利用2015年中国40个城市大规模问卷调查数据,采用贝叶斯多层级有序分类响应模型探讨了PM_2.5污染对居民主观幸福感的影响,进而核算居民为减轻PM_2.5污染的支付意愿。研究发现：PM_2.5污染对主观幸福感具有显著的负向影响,PM_2.5污染每增加1个单位,主观幸福感将下降0.040个百分点;家庭月收入对主观幸福感具有显著的正向影响,家庭月收入每增加1个单位,主观幸福感将提升0.026个百分点。支付意愿不仅受到家庭收入水平的影响,还受到居民所处城市空气质量的影响;在承受PM_2.5污染的最初阶段,居民为改善空气质量的支付意愿最高。居民为改善空气质量愿意支付的金额平均为226元,占家庭月总收入的2.274%。     

��ظ�ԭ�ؿǴ���-����ת����ֲ��о�

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Crust2.0??????????????????????????????????????????????档??????????????????????????-????????????λ???е?????????20~35 km???????????????????????????????????10 ¹⁹~10 ²² Pas???????450~600 ?档     

基于DGPS/GPRS/CDMA的车辆监控系统研究

探讨了车辆定位与监控系统组成结构及其功能实现,结合设计与开发工作,介绍了DGPS应用于车辆监控的关键技术以及对一些特殊情况的处理方法。     

Progress and prospects of applied research on physical geography and the living environment in China over the past 70 years (1949–2019)

Physical geography is a basic research subject of natural sciences.Its research object is the natural environment which is closely related to human living and development,and China's natural environment is complex and diverse.According to national needs and regional development,physical geographers have achieved remarkable achievements in applied basis and applied research,which also has substantially contributed to the planning of national economic growth and social development,the protection of macro ecosystems and resources,and sustainable regional development.This study summarized the practice and application of physical geography in China over the past 70 years in the following fields:regional differences in natural environments and physical regionalization;land use and land cover changes;natural hazards and risk reduction;process and prevention of desertification;upgrading of medium-and low-yield fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai region;engineering construction in permafrost areas; geochemical element anomalies and the prevention and control of endemic diseases;positioning and observation of hysical geographical elements;and identification of geospatial differentiation and geographical detectors. Furthermore, we have proposed the future direction of applied research in the field of physical geography.     

准噶尔盆地南缘山前冲断带芦草沟组储层含气性及主控因素分析——以米参2井为例

在野外地质考察、重磁电勘探成果基础上,在准噶尔盆地南缘山前冲断带乌鲁木齐一带进行了页岩气参数井——米参2井施工.综合钻探、地质综合录井、测井和分析测试数据,进行该区芦草沟组泥页岩储层含气性评价,并对储层有机碳含量、孔隙度、矿物组分和页岩裂缝发育特征等方面进行研究.分析储层含气性主控因素,旨在对识别准噶尔盆地南缘山前复杂...     

云南个旧锡矿的成矿时代

云南个旧锡矿经历了印支期海底基性火山——沉积成矿、海底喷流——沉积成矿和燕山晚期的花岗岩叠加改造成矿的作用。用Ar-Ar、K-Ar和Pb-Pb法分析了3个成矿系列的成矿年龄,结果表明,成矿系列Ⅰ的Ar-Ar法坪年龄和等时线年龄为95.93±5.41～123.91±15.41Ma,K-Ar法表观年龄为112.50±2.25Ma,普通铅法年龄为210～240Ma;成矿系列Ⅱ的Ar-Ar法坪年龄和等时线年龄为191.81±2.26～205.11±4.38Ma,K-Ar法表观年龄为186.01±3.72Ma,普通铅法年龄为200～230Ma;成矿系列Ⅲ的Ar-Ar法坪年龄和等时线年龄为83.23±2.07～85.22±2.38Ma,K-Ar法表观年龄为43.49±0.87Ma,普通铅法年龄为83～116Ma。     

柴达木盆地西部地区地温-地压系统演化及其与油气成藏的关系

综合考虑时间和埋深对孔隙演化的影响,采用孔隙度双元函数模型对柴达木盆地西部地区(以下简称柴西地区)的地层古埋深、古压力进行了恢复,并结合其它研究成果再现了该区两个主要成藏期的地温—地压系统,分析了地温、地压及温压系统的演化特征。将流体势分析与地温—地压研究相结合,分别从定性、半定量到定量,从剖面到平面并从不同的角度分析了地下流体动力场及其对油气运聚成藏的控制作用,探讨了柴西地区油气成藏的特点和规律。发现柴西地区在主要成藏期(中新世中期和上新世末期)都发育高压型复式温压系统,其中,上新世末期的温压系统油气垂向运聚能力较强。在温压系统平面分区内,油气藏基本位于能量相对较低的分区内,高能区也有油气藏分布,但都是封闭及保存条件好的岩性或古构造等原生油气藏。同时论证并提出柴西地区未探明储量主要位于深部高压型温压系统内,深层油气藏勘探应是该区今后重要的勘探领域。     

大震下被动与智能隔震结构动力可靠度的对比

对被动及智能隔震结构在“大震”条件下的动力可靠度进行探讨。将被动及智能隔震体系均取作弹塑性模型,并用退化Bouc-W en滞变模型描述上部结构的恢复力,用非退化Bouc-W en模型描述隔震层的恢复力。采用虚拟激励法计算结构的随机响应,根据我国抗震规范中“大震不倒”的设防目标,采用各层最大层间位移峰值响应和累积滞变耗能构造双参数的随机疲劳累积损伤指数,作为功能状态指标。假定各层失效相关,用串联系统计算体系动力可靠度。通过数值算例,对比了被动隔震、智能隔震与非隔震体系的条件失效概率,从动力可靠度角度显示了智能隔震体系的减震优势。     

Simulating the spatial diffusion of memes on social media networks

This article reports the findings from simulating the spatial diffusion processes of memes over social media networks by using the approach of agent-based modeling. Different from other studies, this article examines how space and distance affect the diffusion of memes. Simulations were carried out to emulate and to allow assessment of the different levels of efficiency that memes spread spatially and temporally. Analyzed network structures include random networks and preferential attachment networks. Simulated spatial processes for meme diffusion include independent cascade models and linear threshold models. Both simulated and real-world social networks were used in the analysis. Findings indicate that the numbers of information sources and opinion leaders affect the processes of meme diffusion. In addition, geography is still important in the processes of spatial diffusion of memes over social media networks.     

"亚太六号"卫星发射日气象保障及数值模拟分析

2005年4月11～12日西昌发射场遭遇了一次寒潮天气过程,而这正值"亚太六号"卫星预定的发射日.针对这一情况,发射中心气象部门利用多种探测手段,综合分析各类气象信息,采取逐步逼近的方式,在复杂条件下抓住了有利战机,准确预报出了此次寒潮过程及对场区的影响程度,圆满完成了气象保障任务.此外,利用相关资料对发射日资料进行了数值模拟,结果表明,MM5模式较好地模拟了本次天气过程中的降水、降温和增压过程.