中国儿童游憩需求与供给的空间分异及影响因素

使用统计数据和游客生成数据,从公共性和商业性视角评估中国城市儿童游憩供需空间分异,并使用逐步回归与地理加权回归识别影响因素。研究发现：① 中国城市儿童游憩需求和供给呈现胡焕庸线以东高、以西低,需求以首府城市为中心极,供给则以直辖市和旅游城市为中心极;② 中部内陆腹地供给匮乏、西部与东部沿海供给充足,胡焕庸线以东省会城市最匮乏;③ 中心城市高需求引致儿童游憩供给的集聚、虹吸效应,加剧游憩机会的不平等;④ GDP、城镇居民人均可支配收入、高级景区数量、第三产业占比、旅游人次和城镇化率是形成儿童游憩供给空间差异的主要因素。     

The antioxidant effects of complexes of tilapia fish skin collagen and different marine oligosaccharides

An excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to a variety of chronic health problems.As potent antioxidants, marine bioactive extracts containing oligosaccharides and peptides have been extensively studied.Recently, there is a growing interest in protein-polysaccharide complexes because of their potential uses in pharmaceutical and food industries.However, only few studies are available on the antioxidant activities of such complexes, in terms of their ROS scavenging capability.In this study, we combined different marine oligosaccharides (isolated and purified) with collagen peptides derived from tilapia fish skin, and evaluated the an-tioxidant activity of the marine peptide-oligosaccharide complexes vis-à-vis the activity of their original component molecules.Bio-chemical and cellular assays were performed to measure the scavenging effects on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, and to evaluate the influences on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in UV-induced photoaging models.The results indicated that the antioxidant activities of all the complexes were stronger than those of their individual components.Among the 11 complexes tested, two complexes, namely MA1000+CP and κ-ca3000+CP, turned out to be highly effective antioxidants.Although the detailed mechanisms of this improved scavenging ability are not fully understood, this work provides insights into the design of highly efficient peptide-oligosaccharide complexes for potential applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries.     

兰州重塑黄土抗拉强度冻融特性与衰减模型研究———基于轴向压裂法

针对季节性冻土区黄土路堑边坡在冻融作用下发生剥落的病害问题,黄土抗拉强度的影响不可忽略.以兰州和平镇某人工路堑边坡重塑黄土为研究对象,着重探讨黄土抗拉强度冻融衰减特性.首先采用轴向压裂法测定不同含水量、不同干密度及不同冻融次数下的黄土抗拉强度,然后在黄土抗拉强度冻融衰减规律的基础上提出单因素抗拉强度冻融衰减模型,而后对含水量、干密度以及抗拉强度进行多元非线性回归分析,进而提出黄土多元抗拉强度冻融衰减模型.研究结果表明:黄土抗拉强度随冻融循环次数增加呈指数衰减规律,一般冻融3~5次后抗拉强度达到稳定值,初始含水量对黄土抗拉强度冻融衰减率的影响较大.多元抗拉强度衰减模型可对以含水量、干密度及冻融循环次数为变量的兰州黄土抗拉强度进行预测.     

胶西北地区钻孔揭露隐伏郭家岭期花岗岩的地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄及Lu-Hf同位素特征

胶东矿集区是世界著名的金矿资源基地,截止2019年累计查明金资源储量达5000余吨,区内广泛分布的中生代花岗岩与金矿有着密切的时间、空间关系。前人利用高精度重磁、CSAMT等物探方法解译,认为焦家成矿带、招平成矿带深部可能有隐伏郭家岭期花岗岩存在。本文通过近几年勘查施工钻孔揭露的胶西北三条主要金成矿带隐伏郭家岭期花岗岩,表现为较高的Na₂O+K₂O(5.80%～11.27%)、Al₂O₃(14.01%～16.36%)含量,高的Sr含量(632×10^-6～1224×10^-6)、Ba含量(1641×10^-6～3512×10^-6)和高的Sr/Y比值(185～435),CaO(1.25%～2.44%)、TiO₂(0.08%～0.23%)、MgO(0.17%～0.84%)、全Fe₂O₃(0.67%～1.94%)、Rb(46×10^-6～1...     

CINRAD/SA雷达磁场电源调试与故障判定

阐述了CINRAD/SA雷达磁场电源控制电路,对磁场电源控制板电路的场效应管驱动信号、控制板驱动信号、IGBT模块极间电压波形等关键测试点进行了调试,并给出了相应的标准波形示意图,对磁场电源输出电压、磁场电源电压保护和聚焦线圈电流保护进行了分步调试,根据在实际使用过程中出现的故障现象、故障判定处理,结合实物测试点给出了故障处理流程图,结合实际工作经验总结了磁场电源的相关故障排查点和故障排除方法,旨在为雷达磁场电源的现场故障处理提供帮助和参考。     

一次强沙尘暴天气过程热力动力场数值模拟分析

本文利用GRAPES模式对2006年4月9日-11日大范围强沙尘暴过程进行了热力动力数值模拟分析,结果表明：整个强沙尘暴天气发生过程中,大气基本上呈稳定层结。西路第一阶段强沙尘暴天气爆发时高值位温下凹区明显下传,西路第二阶段强沙尘暴主要爆发在等位温线密集陡峭的弱稳定层结区域里,其次在高值位温下凹东移区。西北路强沙尘暴爆发时等位温线密集陡峭。暖平流是产生西路第一阶段强沙尘暴的重要热力因子。700hPa冷平流对西北路强沙尘暴的贡献最大,冷平流在河西走廊的骤增对预报西北路强沙尘暴爆发有很好的指示意义。     

松辽盆地北部宾参1井白垩系烃源岩的认识和评价及其意义

宾参1井是松辽盆地北部宾县断陷中的第一口参数井,钻遇白垩系地层,自下至上依次为沙河子组、营城组、登娄库组、泉头组和青山口组。在对宾参1井白垩系暗色泥岩进行一系列有机地球化学样品分析测试的基础上,从有机碳(TOC)、氯仿沥青"A"、有效碳(PC)、生烃潜量Pg(S1+S2)、热解峰温Tmax值、镜质体反射率(Ro)、烃源岩气相色谱特征、干酪根碳同位素特征、干酪根元素特征和源岩甾萜烷特征等方面着手,从有机质丰度、有机质类型和有机质成熟度三个角度认识该井白垩系烃源岩,并进行烃源岩的初步评价,认为:(1)青一段干酪根主要为Ⅱ1和Ⅱ2型,其中、下部已进入生油门限,属于非—差烃源岩,个别深度段为较好烃源岩,其上部及青二、三段处于未成熟阶段;(2)泉头组和登娄库组干酪根主要为Ⅲ型,已进入成熟生油阶段,前者属于非—差烃源岩,后者属于差烃源岩;(3)营城组和沙河子组干酪根主要为Ⅲ型,有些层段为Ⅱ2型,处于高成熟—过成熟阶段,以生气为主。对该井白垩系烃源岩的认识和初步评价为勘探程度极低的宾县凹陷含油气前景的评价预测和石油地质研究奠定了基础,具有现实意义和重要的理论意义。     

Mineralogy and geochemistry of Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide mineral-bearing coals of Late Paleozoic age from the Weibei coalfield, southeastern Ordos Basin, North China

This paper mainly describes mineralogy and geochemistry of coals from the Weibei coalfield in the southeastern Ordos Basin, North China. A number of Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals were detected in the Late Carboniferous coals (Nos. 5, 10 and 11 coals), especially in the No. 10 coal. Aluminum-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals (nordstrandite, boehmite and diaspore) in the No. 10 coal are associated with kaolinite, suggesting that these minerals are derived from the breakdown of kaolinite. A model in which Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals form from the incongruent dissolution of kaolinite is presented. Nordstrandite and boehmite mainly occur as massive lenses (<500 μm in length). Diaspore appears as massive aggregates and as single euhedral crystals (<50 μm in length) in a kaolinite matrix. The presence of high temperature quartz, and zircon indicates that there was input of felsic volcanic debris during accumulation of the Late Carboniferous coals. These volcanic materials have also had a significant influence on the enrichment of certain trace elements including Li, Be, Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, W and U in the Late Carboniferous coals (Nos. 5, 10, and 11 coals). SEM-EDX results show that Ga in the No. 10 coal (whole coal average 33.4 μg/g; n = 2) mainly occurs within Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals (nordstrandite, boehmite, and diaspore), kaolinite and organic matter.     

东南极拉斯曼丘陵镁铁质麻粒岩的地球化学特征及其中压变质作用

在东南极普里兹湾拉斯曼丘陵地区变泥质岩和长英质片麻岩中，定向分布着透镜状、扁豆状和香肠状镁铁质、超镁铁质麻粒岩。这些岩石主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征显示其原岩化学成分具镁铁质堆晶岩特征，并可能代表岩墙的构造作用残留体。在米洛半岛发现石榴子石周围有斜方辉石和斜长石的反应边，斜方辉石和斜长石由下述反应形成：石榴子石＋石英→斜方辉石＋斜长石。这个反应为减压反应，应用地质温压计确定其温度和压力分别为７４７±４８°Ｃ和６．３±０．５ｋｂａｒ，本文首次应用石榴子石－斜方辉石－斜长石－石英组合确立本区早期中压麻粒岩相事件的存在。本文还对镁铁质麻粒岩的原岩成因及矿物中的减压结构所代表的构造意义进行了探讨