散粒体斜坡堆积特性与崩坍形式研究

通过圆盘沙堆以及斜坡堆积物理模拟试验,解释其崩滑的动力学机制.发现溜砂坡堆积的过程是一个典型的自组织临界过程,整个坡体是一个广延耗散动力学系统.从颗粒级配的角度探究其对散粒体边坡稳定性的影响.     

鲁西隆起晚中生代盆地重矿物组合分析及其构造响应

本文以鲁西隆起区盆地及周边盆地砂岩中碎屑重矿物为研究对象,通过重矿物的稳定性分析,以及通过不同源区重矿物组合的差异,探讨了鲁西隆起及周边地区晚中生代以来的物源及构造演化过程。研究结果显示,鲁西盆地中生代早期早中侏罗纪时期主要源区为鲁西隆起,中晚侏罗纪时期主要物源为胶东地区和鲁西隆起,而早白垩世时期主要物源为胶东地区,其次才是鲁西隆起。晚白垩世沂沭断裂带盆地物源主要是鲁西隆起和胶东地区,鲁西隆起贡献量大于胶东地区。重矿物的稳定性也折射出源区构造演化历史。早-中侏罗世至中-晚侏罗世,鲁西盆地重矿物物源由鲁西隆起向胶东地区的显著转变,暗示着苏鲁造山带自三叠纪形成之后,经折返抬升,至晚侏罗世之前已经到达地表。重矿物的含量变化显示,早白垩世中期和晚白垩世中期鲁西盆地内沉积了大量的鲁西变质岩矿物组合,并且不稳定重矿物含量急剧增加,我们推测鲁西在早白垩世晚期、晚白垩世中期存在两次构造抬升。     

Evaluation of phosphorus bioavailability in sediments of the shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region,China

Phosphorus (P) fractions and their bioavailability in the sediments from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region were investigated using different chemical extraction methods. The results show that the contents of bioavailable P in the sediments extracted by different extraction procedures varied greatly. But their rank order was similar. Potentially releasable P (PRP) was the largest, followed by algal available P (AAP), NaHCO₃ extractable P (Olsen-P), water soluble P (WSP), and readily desorbable P. PRP contributed approximately 60% to total P (TP) in most sediments, AAP 20%, Olsen-P 15%, WSP 2%, and readily desorbable P (RDP) 0.5%. For the heavily polluted sediments, their bioavailable P extracted from TP mainly originated from inorganic P (IP), IP mainly originated from NaOH–P, the bioavailable P concentrations can be evaluated by measuring the concentrations of TP, NaOH–P, and IP. For the slightly polluted sediments, the bioavailable P can only be evaluated by different chemical extractable methods.     

Kinematics of Interacting ICMEs and Related Forbush Decrease: Case Study

We study heliospheric propagation and some space weather aspects of three Earth-directed interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), successively launched from the active region AR 11158 in the period 13?–?15 February 2011. From the analysis of the ICME kinematics, morphological evolution, and in situ observations, we infer that the three ICMEs interacted on their way to Earth, arriving together at 1 AU as a single interplanetary disturbance. Detailed analysis of the in situ data reveals complex internal structure of the disturbance, where signatures of the three initially independent ICMEs could be recognized. The analysis also reveals compression and heating of the middle ICME, as well as ongoing magnetic reconnection between the leading and the middle ICME. We present evidence showing that the propagation of these two, initially slower ICMEs, was boosted by the fastest, third ICME. Finally, we employ the ground-based cosmic ray observations, to show that this complex disturbance produced a single cosmic ray event, i.e., a simple Forbush decrease (FD). The results presented provide a better understanding of the ICME interactions and reveal effects that should be taken into account in forecasting of the arrival of such compound structures.     

杭州市伏、秋旱灾害风险区划

根据杭州市1959-2010年降水资料、自然环境以及社会经济要素,综合致灾因子、孕灾环境、承灾环境及防灾减灾能力,构建区域干旱灾害风险评价模型。通过ArcGIS空间分析技术结合模糊综合评价法,编制以100 m＆#215;100 m栅格为基本评价单元的杭州市伏、秋旱灾害风险区划图。区划结果表明,淳安西北部、建德中南部、桐庐中部、富阳南部、临安东部以及余杭、主城区,伏旱、秋旱灾害风险均较高。     

安徽省华北型石炭—二叠纪地层多重划分与对比

安徽省华北型石炭—二叠纪地层的划分与对比一直存在着不同的观点。在《中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明书》（2001）思想框架下,采用多重地层分类原则,对区内岩石地层、生物地层、年代地层和层序地层进行划分对比研究。岩石地层可划分为本溪组、太原组、山西组、下石盒子组、上石盒子组和孙家沟组,其中山西组和上石盒子组为主要含煤地层;在生物地层方面,建立2个组合带和5个植物组合带;区内石炭纪地层仅发育上石炭统,二叠纪地层齐全;区内石炭二叠系含煤地层划分为6个三级层序。通过多重地层划分与对比,突出了不同地层单位的属性特征,优化了区域等时地层格架,有助于煤炭资源的预测与评价。     

几个极高光度IRAS星系的射电频谱

使用澳大利亚致密阵（ATCA）对一个红外光度高达10^11.8-10^12.8L⊙的IRAS星系样本进行了8.6,4.8,2.4和1.4GHz的射电观测，发现其中有4个源在高频为陡谱，在较低频率上流星降低，呈峰状，峰值在几GHz。讨论了造成频谱倒转的两种可能机制：同步自吸收和free-free吸收。通过对00199－7426，02587－6336，07020－5423和21547－5823的频谱分析，我们认为free-free吸收可能导致了低频倒转谱的形成。通过对观测数据的模拟，获得了这几个源的有关物理参量。     

太原基准地震台数字化形变观测仪器干扰源调查

太原基准地震台数字化形变观测仪器伸缩仪和体应变仪记录的分钟值固体潮曲线上叠加有锯齿状的高频干扰,为探寻干扰源,对附近的抽水井、高压输电线、溶洞及煤矿进行调查分析,发现其对观测仪器的影响均不明显,认为与山洞下面可能存在的裂隙带有关。     

杭州市台风暴雨洪涝灾害风险区划与评价

根据1960—2009年杭州市7个县市区的台风降水资料,结合杭州市的社会经济与自然地理要素,构建一个集致灾因子、孕灾环境、承灾体及防灾能力为一体的区域台风暴雨洪涝灾害风险评价模型。通过GIS空间分析技术实现各评价指标的栅格化,并利用模糊综合评价方法。编制以100 m×100 m栅格为基本评价单元的杭州市台风暴雨洪涝灾害风险区划图。将杭州市域划分为高、次高、中等、次低和低的5级风险。区划结果表明：杭州市台风暴雨洪涝灾害风险从西南至东北呈递增趋势。萧山区、余杭市及杭州主城区等沿海平原区,风险等级相对较高;而建德市、淳安县等中西部山地丘陵区,风险等级略低。     

Spatial characteristics of surface water quality in the Haicheng River (Liao River basin) in Northeast China

Spatial variations of the water quality in the Haicheng River during April and October 2009 were evaluated for the national monitoring program on water pollution control and treatment in China. The spatial autocorrelation analysis with lower Moran’s I values displayed the spatial heterogeneity of the 12 physicochemical parameters among all the sampling sites of the river. The one-way ANOVA showed that all variables at different sampling sites had significant spatial differences (p < 0.01). Based on the similarity of water quality characteristics, cluster analysis grouped the 20 sampling sites into three clusters, related with less polluted, moderately polluted and highly polluted sites. The factor analysis extracted three major factors explaining 76.4 % of the total variance in the water quality data set, i.e., integrated pollution factor, nitrogen pollution factor and physical factor. The results revealed that the river has been severely polluted by organic matter and nitrogen. The major sources leading to water quality deterioration are complex and ascribed to anthropogenic activities, e.g., domestic and industrial wastewater discharges, agricultural runoff, and animal rearing practices.