交替蛙跳格式在POM的应用

讨论交替蛙跳格式在二维POM的运用。这个交替蛙跳格式是在z坐标下开发的针对线性浅水波方程的一种新的高效无耗散的格式。首先通过一维问题的试验,给出了σ坐标下非线性浅水波的演化特性及其交替蛙跳格式的数值特性,证实该格式的可行性以及优于传统格式的计算效率、守恒性及稳定性。其次,针对该格式二维问题运用讨论了科氏项相应的数值处理,给出了一套完整的数值计算方法,并应用于正压方程和POM外模的数值计算。研究表明,交替蛙跳格式具有两倍于传统蛙跳格式的计算效率,且不再需要Assenlin时间滤波,由此避开了时间滤波带来的数值衰减,具有良好的数值守恒性能。     

大亚湾一次赤潮生消期间浮游植物群落变化研究

2003年8月12日至29日,广东省大亚湾的哑铃湾海域发生了小规模的赤潮,经现场跟踪监测发现是由锥状斯氏藻Scrippsiel latrochoidea和海洋卡盾藻Chattonella marina形成的混合赤潮。8月13日浮游植物群落由锥状斯氏藻占绝对优势,密度达6.52×106cells·L-1,占总细胞数量的99%以上;8月19日为赤潮高峰期,锥状斯氏藻密度最高时达5.59×107cells·L-1,约占总细胞数量的91%;而海洋卡盾藻在8月20日密度达到最大值1.17×107cells·L-1,约占总细胞数量的28%。以锥状斯氏藻、海洋卡盾藻占总细胞数量比例的不同,可将各站分为锥状斯氏藻控制区、海洋卡盾藻控制区及混合区3类,随环境条件的不断变化,这2种藻的数量随之变化,此3类区也处于变化之中。与海洋卡盾藻相比,锥状斯氏藻更适于在温度较高、盐度较低的情况下生长。还初步探讨了赤潮长时间持续的原因。     

北太平洋500hpa候高度场的主成分分析

对太平洋500hPa候高度场和距平场进行了主成分分析,得出反映500hPa候高度特征的典型场。指出候高度场的第1特征向量的空间型是季节变化的主要型,它可解释总方差的74.5％,候高度场的其余特征向量与距平场的特征向量是按顺序的对应相似。这些典型场可以很好地描述北太平洋的大气环流特征。距平场的第1特征向量空间型清楚地反映了与厄尔·尼诺现象有关的环流型。     

红罗非鱼引进繁殖育种及海水驯养研究

作者对引进的红罗非鱼进行了生物学特性、繁殖育种及海水驯养等方面的试验研究,结果得出:①亲鱼的怀卵量与体长呈正相关(关系式为:Y=124.78L—588.8),在北方地区每年产卵3—4次,产卵量为怀卵量的1/2;②水温25—30℃,11—18d受精卵孵出鱼苗;③红罗非鱼不仅可在淡水中生存,且在自然海水和半咸水中均能生存,是海水养殖的优良品种;④红罗非鱼同虾混养,可提高鱼虾成活率,增大养成规格。     

The Effect of Internal Fluid on the Response of Vortex-Induced Vibration of Marine Risers

Based on Iwan‘s wake oseillator model developed with the classical van der Pol equalion, the differential equation for the response of the vortex-induced vihration (VIV) of the riser considering the effect of the internal flowing fluid and the external marine environmental condition is derived. The effect of the intermal flowing fluid on the response of VIV of the riser is studied by means of the Finite Element Method. The results show that the effect of the internal fluid velocity on the VIV of the riser is strong when the natural frequency of the riser is close to the vortex shedding frequency. In addition, the increase of the top tension can decrease the sensitivity of the riser to the internal fluid velocity.     

Characteristics of Scour and Deposition in Front of Breakwaters Under Irregular Broken Clapotis

First the scour and deposition patterns of the sandy seabed in front of a vertical breakwater under the action of irregular broken clapotis are investigated experimentally and classified into five types: scour type Ⅰ , scour type Ⅱ, scour type Ⅲ, deposition type Ⅰ, and deposition type Ⅱ . Secondly, the processes of formation of scour and deposition patterns are probed in comparison with those induced by regular broken clapotis and standing waves. Thirdly, the criteria for distinguishing scour and deposition patterns under irregular broken clapotis are presented.     

Circulation and currents in the southwestern East/Japan Sea: Overview and review

A review is made of circulation and currents in the southwestern East/Japan Sea (the Ulleung Basin), and the Korea/Tsushima Strait which is a unique conduit for surface inflow into the Ulleung Basin. The review particularly concentrates on describing some preliminary results from recent extensive measurements made after 1996. Mean flow patterns are different in the upstream and downstream regions of the Korea/Tsushima Strait. A high velocity core occurs in the mid-section in the upstream region, and splits into two cores hugging the coasts of Korea and Japan, the downstream region, after passing around Tsushima Island located in the middle of the strait. Four-year mean transport into the East/Japan Sea through the Korea/Tsushima Strait based on submarine cable data calibrated by direct observations is 2.4 Sv (1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s⁻¹). A wide range of variability occurs for the subtidal transport variation from subinertial (2–10 days) to interannual scales. While the subinertial variability is shown to arise from the atmospheric pressure disturbances, the longer period variation has been poorly understood.Mean upper circulation of the Ulleung Basin is characterized by the northward flowing East Korean Warm Current along the east coast of Korea and its meander eastward after the separation from the coast, the Offshore Branch along the coast of Japan, and the anticyclonic Ulleung Warm Eddy that forms from a meander of the East Korean Warm Current. Continuous acoustic travel-time measurements between June 1999 and June 2001 suggest five quasi-stable upper circulation patterns that persist for about 3–5 months with transitions between successive patterns occurring in a few months or days. Disappearance of the East Korean Warm Current is triggered by merging the Dok Cold Eddy, originating from the pinching-off of the meander trough, with the coastal cold water carried Southward by the North Korean Cold Current. The Ulleung Warm Eddy persisted for about 20 months in the middle of the Ulleung Basin with changes in its position and spatial scale associated with strengthening and weakening of the transport through the Korea/Tsushima Strait. The variability of upper circulation is partly related to the transport variation through the Korea/Tsushima Strait. Movements of the coastal cold water and the instability of the polar front also appear to be important factors affecting the variability.Deep circulation in the Ulleung Basin is primarily cyclonic and commonly consists of one or more cyclonic cells, and an anticyclonic cell centered near Ulleung Island. The cyclonic circulation is conjectured to be driven by a net inflow through the Ulleung Interplain Gap, which serves as a conduit for the exchange of deep waters between the Japan Basin in the northern East Sea and the Ulleung Basin. Deep currents are characterized by a short correlation scale and the predominance of mesoscale variability with periods of 20–40 days. Seasonality of deep currents is indistinct, and the coupling of upper and deep circulation has not been clarified yet.     

一种适用于视频全站仪的数码相机检校方法

直接线性变换法是相机检校中常用的一种方法,在此基础上提出一种可应用于视频全站仪的数码相机检校方法,通过改变像方元素的单位,就可不必考虑标准单位和像素单位间的转化因子问题。进一步讨论了像素尺寸大小对系统误差的影响,并对像素大小的必要测定精度进行了公式推导。试验结果表明,该方法可以获得较好的校准结果。     

应用遗传神经网格方法分析赤潮监测数据

简要介绍了遗传神经网络方法的原理 ,探讨了应用遗传神经网络方法研究辽东湾海域丹麦细柱藻 (Leptocylindrusdanicus)赤潮与其环境因子之间的关系 ,计算了各环境因子对丹麦细柱藻赤潮的贡献。结果表明 ,温度、盐度、DIN的变化对研究海域丹麦细柱藻种群密度的增长有比较重要的影响 ,DIN是营养限制因子。遗传神经网络是分析赤潮监测数据的有效方法 ,值得进一步探索     

仿鱼尾潜器推进系统的水动力分析

以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景 ,对金枪鱼的月牙形尾鳍进行水动力分析。文中将金枪鱼的尾鳍处理为在做横移和摇摆的耦合运动的同时 ,以某一匀速向前运动的月牙形刚性尾翼。计算中应用了双曲面元和压力库塔条件 ,利用面元法计算分析该三维尾翼的非定常水动力性能。探讨了前进速度、横荡和摇首的幅度、频率及其相位差对推进性能的影响