祁连山夏季地形云综合探测试验

2006年和2007年夏季在祁连山冷龙岭西段开展了地形云云量、云状、大气水汽、风场、雨滴谱和雨强等的综合探测试验,以分析祁连山地形云的特征。结果表明：①祁连山区夏季云量丰富,平均云量在6成以上。西南气流天气背景下总云量多达8成;②祁连山夏季无降水日大气水汽非常少,700 hPa以上层大气相对湿度大多在20%以下;③西南气流背景下祁连山南北侧山谷风的共同作用,气流昼间向山顶辐合,夜间向山谷辐散,当水汽条件充足时,极易抬升形成可以产生降水的地形云;④祁连山降水主要由小于1 mm的雨滴组成。     

河南省城镇化空间差异研究

分别以地市和县(市)为单元,对河南省的城镇化空间差异进行了研究,发现中原城市群地区、三门峡以及豫北的安阳、鹤壁城镇化发展水平较高,而濮阳、南阳和黄海地区的城镇化发展水平较低。另外,从县域单元看,区域内部差异也较为明显:如中原城市群内部又可以从高到低分为三个圈层;一些重工业城市或资源型城市地区城镇化发展水平较高,而一些平原地区的传统农业区县(市)城镇化发展水平较低。基于此,提出了大力发展城市经济、增强城镇化的产业基础,实施重点突破、兼顾均衡发展,实施差异化发展、分区推进的城镇化发展策略。     

热球菌HJ21高温α-淀粉酶基因克隆、表达及性质研究

通过简并引物扩增热球菌(Thermococcus siculi)HJ21高温α-淀粉酶保守区域之间的序列,再利用Site-finding技术获得两端未知序列.构建了在N端添加了His6标签的表达载体pEt-28a-His6-THJA后转化E.coli,在IPTG诱导下表达.进一步纯化后SDS-PAGE电泳检测达到电泳纯...     

采煤塌陷区土地质量评价指标体系探讨——以徐州矿区为例

简要回顾采煤塌陷区土地质量研究状况,根据科学性、代表性、可行性、敏感性的原则,以徐州市采煤塌陷区为研究对象,运用PSR概念模型,尝试给出针对具体采煤塌陷区的土地质量评价指标体系。体系共分为3层23个指标,较全面的涵盖了社会经济、物理化学、政策法规等不同范畴。     

Urban land-use effects on groundwater phosphate distribution in a shallow aquifer, Nanfei River basin, China

Groundwater, surface water, soil and river sediment samples, and information on land use in the Nanfei River basin (NRB) of China have been analyzed to study the geochemistry, distribution, and mobilization of phosphorus. The distribution of phosphate (PO ₄ ^3??/sup> ) and the relationships between PO ₄ ^3??/sup> and several constituents in groundwater were studied. Partial correlation analysis relating PO ₄ ^3??/sup> to types of land use was conducted using the data analyzing tool SPSS 15.0. The processes controlling the transport of PO ₄ ^3??/sup> are discussed. The conclusions from this study are: (1) urban land use has obvious impact on PO ₄ ^3??/sup> in groundwater, the average concentration of PO ₄ ^3??/sup> being 4.37?mg/L, greater than that resulting from farmland and mixed land use, which have average PO ₄ ^3??/sup> concentrations of 0.10 and 0.18?mg/L, respectively; (2) the partial correlation between PO ₄ ^3??/sup> and types of land use is significant with a coefficient of 0.760; (3) the PO ₄ ^3??/sup> concentrations in surface water are generally higher than those in groundwater, and the total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in river sediments are generally higher than those in soil samples; (4) groundwater is a carrier of PO ₄ ^3??/sup> and is likely responsible for the redistribution of PO ₄ ^3??/sup> in different regions of NRB.     

基于BP神经网络的复合污染体系中沉积物吸附阿特拉津的规律

建立了Cu2+和阿特拉津(AT)复合污染体系中沉积物各活性组分及其交互作用对AT吸附量影响的BP神经网络模型,模型预测值和实验值的相关系数达到0.97,各集合的平均偏差均小于10%。模型显示,AT在沉积物上的主要吸附位是铁氧化物。沉积物吸附AT时铁氧化物、锰氧化物、有机质之间存在显著的交互作用,铁氧化物、锰氧化物交互作用贡献率为-130%～80%,铁氧化物、有机质交互作用贡献率为5%～28%,锰氧化物、有机质交互作用贡献率为-200%～-70%。各活性组分吸附AT的能力及其交互作用受Cu2+的影响较大,其中:Cu2+对AT在铁氧化物上的吸附表现为拮抗作用,对AT在锰氧化物上的吸附表现为协同作用,而对AT在有机质上的吸附影响不显著,同时Cu2+减弱了铁氧化物-锰氧化物和锰氧化物-有机质的交互作用影响,增强了铁氧化物-有机质的交互作用影响。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000752

A series of environmentalegeological problems have been caused by over-exploitation of deep groundwater (i.e., confined aquifer water) in the North China Plain. In order to better understand the status of deep groundwater over-exploitation and the resultant environmentalegeological problems on a regional scale, the over-exploitation of groundwater has been assessed by way of the groundwater exploitation potential coefficient (i.e., the ratio of exploitable amount of deep groundwater to current exploitation), cumulative land subsidence, and long-term average lowering rate of the groundwater table. There is a good correlation among the results calculated by the different methods. On a regional scale, deep groundwater has been over-exploited and there is no further exploitation potential under the current conditions. The groundwater exploitation degree index takes the exploitation in 2003 as the reference for the calculations, so the results mainly reflect the degree of current groundwater exploitation. The results of over-exploitation of deep groundwater obtained by land subsidence data and long-term average rate of depression of the water table mainly reflect environmentalegeological problems caused by exploitation of deep groundwater.     

芦苇、菖蒲和水葱对水体中Zn2+的富集效应研究

采用水培方法,在不同ZnCl2浓度(0mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L、300mg/L、800mg/L、1500mg/L和2500mg/L)处理的水体中,对湿地植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)和水葱(Scirpus tabernaemontani)进行培养,研究植物的不同部位对Zn2+的积累能力。结果表明,在相同ZnCl2浓度处理下的水体中,水葱、菖蒲和芦苇体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度存在差异,菖蒲体内的Zn2+积累浓度最高。在不同ZnCl2浓度处理下的水体中,水葱体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度在ZnCl2浓度为1500mg/L时最高,为31050.84mg/kg(植物地上部分为10206.67mg/kg,地下部分为20844.17mg/kg);菖蒲和芦苇体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度则在ZnCl2浓度为2500mg/L时最高,分别为54130.67mg/kg(地上部分为16774.00mg/kg,地下部分为37356.67mg/kg)和25423.34mg/kg(地上部分为4506.67mg/kg,地下部分为20916.67mg/kg)。这3种植物都可以作为利用植物修复重金属污染水体的遴选物种。其中,菖蒲对Zn2+的吸收能力明显高于水葱和芦苇。     

Taxonomic and genetic status of lancelet in Weihai coastal waters based on mitochondrial DNA sequence

Lancelets (subphylum Cephalochordata) are a transitional species between invertebrates and vertebrates. They are currently listed in the Second Order of Protected Animals in China. Lancelets were first documented in the waters around the city of Weihai (Shandong, China) in 2002. However, little is known about the phylogeny of this population. We analyzed the sequences of cytochrome b (Cyt b) and cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (CO I) genes from samples collected from coastal waters in the cities of Weihai and Qingdao (~150 km to the south). We analyzed 176 sequences, of which 150 were novel sequences and 26 were obtained from GenBank. Our results suggest that (1) lancelets in the two cities belong to the species Branchiostoma japonicus and have a high level of genetic diversity; (2) there is a high level of gene flow and low level of genetic differentiation between lancelets from the two cities; (3) demographic expansion occurred an estimated 1.1 million years (Ma) ago (mid Pleistocene) for lancelets in Weihai-Qingdao; and (4) the divergence between B. belcheri and B. japonicus was estimated at between 37.75 Ma (early Oligocene)-46.5 Ma (late Eocene).     

基于BCM模型的乡村旅游企业服务质量测评——湖州顾渚村的实证调查

乡村旅游企业服务质量对游客重游和推荐意愿等产生重要影响。本论文以BCM模型为基础,提出3维度的初始测评模型。论文对顾渚村150家乡村旅游企业457名游客进行问卷调查,有效问卷415份,通过因子分析对初始模型进行相应修正,形成乡村旅游企业服务质量测评模型,由技术、功能、环境和硬件质量四维度及其下的18个题项组成。论文运用该测评模型,以模糊综合评判方法进行评价,计算出各维度结果分别为3.92、3.69、3.78、3.6,总服务质量结果3.78。计算表明,游客对其服务质量总体是满意的;对于技术、环境和功能质量比较认同;对硬件质量认同度一般。论文认为乡村旅游企业应从合理定价、服务准时、告知注意事项、合作关系、外包等方面提升服务质量;管理部门应设立相关机构,从规范、建立劳务市场、协调关系等方面规范和指导企业发展;游客可以通过四维度了解服务水平,从选择产品、安排行程和出行方式等方面提高旅游体验。