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排序方式: 共有117条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
A. M. Chayka Yu. M. Timofeyev A. V. Polyakov 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2008,44(2):193-206
The surface area and volume densities (S and V) of the particles of stratospheric background aerosol in the 15–20 km and 20–25 km layers for 2002–2005 were obtained from measurements of the aerosol extinction coefficient with the SAGE III instrument by using the linear-regression method of solving the inverse problem. The measurements were taken within the latitudinal belts 43°–80°N and 34°–58°S. The spatial and temporal dependences of S and V demonstrate homogeneous distribution fields in summer, whereas noticeable inhomogeneities are observed in winter and early spring. In all years of the measurements, an increase in the integral characteristics of stratospheric background aerosol was observed during the fall-to-winter transition period. Longitudinal variations in S and V can be both slight and significant (50–70%). Analysis of the interannual variability of the mean areas and volumes of aerosol particles shows that their minima (as a rule) were observed in 2002 and their maxima were observed in 2005. In most of the cases, no monotonic annual variations in the aerosol characteristics are noted. The dependence of the aerosol parameters on the phase of the quasi-biennial oscillations of zonal wind in the stratosphere is observed. The data obtained for 2002–2005 are, on the whole, in good agreement with the climatological data obtained for 1996–1999. 相似文献
32.
Merkulenko V. E. Polyakov V. I. Palamarchuk L. E. Larionov N. V. 《Solar physics》1983,82(1-2):157-161
Solar Physics - A spectral-spatial analysis is made in the region of temperature minimum of the Sun's atmosphere. Filtergrams in the Baii 4554 + 0.05 Å line have been used. The wavelengths... 相似文献
33.
G.V. Polyakov R.A. Shelepaev Tran Trong Hoa A.E. Izokh P.A. Balykin Ngo Thi Phuong Tran Quoc Hung Bui An Nien 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2009,50(6):501-516
New data on the age, composition, formation conditions, and ore-geochemical specialization of the Nui Chua layered peridotite-gabbro complex are reported. They evidence that the complex resulted from the Permo-Triassic mantle plume activity in northern Vietnam (southern framing of the Yangtze Platform). Two series of mafic and ultramafic rocks differing in ore productivity—layered (PGE-Cu-Ni) and pegmatoid (Fe-Ti-V)—have been recognized within the complex. The first estimates of the composition of their parental melts have been obtained. 相似文献
34.
35.
Vladimir A. Alexeev Igor Esau Igor V. Polyakov Sarah J. Byam Svetlana Sorokina 《Climatic change》2012,111(2):215-239
Spatiotemporal patterns of recent (1979–2008) air temperature trends are evaluated using three reanalysis datasets and radiosonde
data. Our analysis demonstrates large discrepancies between the reanalysis datasets, possibly due to differences in the data
assimilation procedures as well as sparseness and inhomogeneity of high-latitude observations. We test the robustness of arctic
tropospheric warming based on the ERA-40 dataset. ERA-40 Arctic atmosphere temperatures tend to be closer to the observed
ones in terms of root mean square error compared to other reanalysis products used in the article. However, changes in the
ERA-40 data assimilation procedure produce unphysical jumps in atmospheric temperatures, which may be the likely reason for
the elevated tropospheric warming trend in 1979–2002. NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data show that the near-surface upward temperature
trend over the same period is greater than the tropospheric trend, which is consistent with direct radiosonde observations
and inconsistent with ERA-40 results. A change of sign in the winter temperature trend from negative to positive in the late
1980s is documented in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere with a maximum over the Canadian Arctic, based on radiosonde
data. This change from cooling to warming tendency is associated with weakening of the stratospheric polar vortex and shift
of its center toward the Siberian coast and possibly can be explained by the changes in the dynamics of the Arctic Oscillation.
This temporal pattern is consistent with multi-decadal variations of key arctic climate parameters like, for example, surface
air temperature and oceanic freshwater content. Elucidating the mechanisms behind these changes will be critical to understanding
the complex nature of high-latitude variability and its impact on global climate change. 相似文献
36.
Gennadiy V. Ryabinin Valeriy A. Gavrilov Yuriy S. Polyakov Serge F. Timashev 《Acta Geophysica》2012,60(3):874-893
We propose a new type of earthquake precursor based on the analysis of correlation dynamics between geophysical signals of
different nature. The precursor is found using a two-parameter cross-correlation function introduced within the framework
of flicker-noise spectroscopy, a general statistical physics approach to the analysis of time series. We consider an example
of cross-correlation analysis for water salinity time series, an integral characteristic of the chemical composition of groundwater,
and geoacoustic emissions recorded at the G-1 borehole on the Kamchatka peninsula in the time frame from 2001 to 2003, which
is characterized by a sequence of three groups of significant seismic events. We found that cross-correlation precursors took
place 27, 31, and 35 days ahead of the strongest earthquakes for each group of seismic events, respectively. At the same time,
precursory anomalies in the signals themselves were observed only in the geoacoustic emissions for one group of earthquakes. 相似文献
37.
38.
Juske Horita António M. dos Santos Christopher A. Tulk Bryan C. Chakoumakos Veniamin B. Polyakov 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2010,37(10):741-749
A neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogenated and deuterated brucite was conducted at ambient temperature and at pressures
up to 9 GPa, using a Paris–Edinburgh high-pressure cell at the WAND instrument of the ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor. The
two materials were synthesized by the same method and companion measurements of neutron diffraction were conducted under the
same conditions. Our refinement results show that the lattice-parameters of the a axis, parallel to the sheets of Mg–O octahedra, decrease only slightly with pressure with no effect of H–D substitution.
However, the c axis of Mg(OD)2 is shorter and may exhibit greater compressibility with pressure than that of Mg(OH)2. Consequently, the unit-cell volume of deuterated brucite is slightly, but systematically smaller than that of hydrogenated
brucite. When fitted to a third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation in terms of the normalized unit-cell volume, values of the
bulk modulus for hydrogenated and deuterated brucite (K
0 = 39.0 ± 2.8 and 40.4 ± 1.3 GPa, respectively) are, however, indistinguishable from each other within the experimental errors.
The measured effect of H–D substitution on the unit-cell volume also demonstrates that brucite (and other hydrous minerals)
preferentially incorporate deuterium over hydrogen under pressure, suggesting that the distribution of hydrogen isotopes in
deep-earth conditions may differ significantly from that in near-surface environments. 相似文献
39.
I. V. Tokarev A. A. Zubkov V. G. Rumynin S. P. Pozdnyakov V. A. Polyakov V. Yu. Kuznetsov 《Water Resources》2009,36(2):206-213
Isotopic characteristics (δ2H, δ18O, 234U/238U, Ar, 3H) of natural and technogenically affected waters were determined in the area around the burying grounds of the Siberian Chemical Combine with the aim to assess the circulation conditions of natural waters and the safety of radioactive waste disposal in reservoir beds. 相似文献
40.
A series of 188 rainfall plot simulations was conducted on grass, shrub, oak savanna, and juniper sites in Arizona and Nevada. A total of 897 flow velocity measurements were obtained on 3.6% to 39.6% slopes with values ranging from 0.007 m s‐1 to 0.115 m s‐1. The experimental data showed that shallow flow velocity on rangelands was related to discharge and ground litter cover and was largely independent of slope gradient or soil characteristics. A power model was proposed to express this relationship. These findings support the slope–velocity equilibrium hypothesis. Namely, eroding soil surfaces evolve such that steeper areas develop greater hydraulic roughness. As a result overland flow velocity becomes independent of the slope gradient over time. Our findings have implications for soil erosion modeling suggesting that hydraulic friction is a dynamic, slope and discharge dependent property. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献