Parabolic Approximation of the Weakly Nonlinear Mild Slope Equation with Bottom Friction

This paper presents a refined parabolic approximation model of the mild slope equation to simu-late the combination of water wave refraction and diffraction in the large coastal region.The bottom frictionand weakly nonlinear term are included in the model.The difference equation is established with the Crank-Nicolson scheme.The numerical test shows that some numerical prediction results will be inaccurate in com-plicated topography without considering weak nonlinearity;the bottom friction will make wave height damp-ing and it can not be neglected for calculation of wave field in large areas.     

Velocity of surface ice flow on amery ice shelf determined with PPP

The main activities in the joint expedition between CHINARE and ANARE on Amery ice shelf are introduced. Five-day continuous GPS observation data collected on the site which locates at the frontal part of Amery ice shelf was processed with precise point positioning （PPP） technology based on precise products from IGS. Velocity of the surface ice flow on Amery can be derived from the PPP solution. Preliminary result shows that the surface ice flow velocity of the site is 2.25 meters per day, the motion direction is northeastward. Semidiurnal oceanic tide and diurnal oceanic tide signal of that site can be recovered from the height variation series of PPP solution. These above solutions can be used to the consequent mass balance calculation.     

Age and Thermal History of Eclogites from Tulepsai Complex,Eastern Mugodzhar Range (Western Kazakhstan)

Doklady Earth Sciences - Lenses of eclogites (the Tulepsai complex) that formed at the peak of metamorphism at P = 15 kbar and T = 700–750°C and experienced decompression at 12 kbar...     

Removal of airborne hexavalent chromium using alginate as a biosorbent

Airborne hexavalent chromium has been classified as a human respiratory carcinogen and long term exposure has been known to cause ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum, bronchitis, asthma, and liver and kidney damage. Chromium electroplating plants are the major sources of atmospheric chromium and packed-bed scrubbers are the common control devices used to reduce emission of chromic acid mist from electroplating bathes. The feasibility of a new method to remove this pollutant using alginate beads as a biomass derivative was investigated by one factor at a time approach and Taguchi experimental design. Polluted air with different chromium mist concentrations (10–5000 μg/m3) was contacted to alginate beads (3.3–20 g/L), floating in distilled water with adjusted pH (3–7), using an impinger at different temperatures (20 and 35oC), and various velocities (1.2 and 2.4 m/s). Although there were no statistical significant differences between factor levels, the higher ions removal efficiencies were achieved at lower levels of air velocities, pollution concentrations, higher levels of pHs, temperatures, and sorbent concentrations.     

Assessment of noise induced psychological stresses on printery workers

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between psychological stresses and noise stresses on printery workers in Tehran, Iran. Hence, 267 workers were randomly selected. The L_eq and L_maxwere measured and the psychological stresses such as depression, anxiety, aggression and job satisfaction were also studied by the relevant questionnaires. The data were statistically analyzed by Pearson correlation test. The results demonstrated that there was no significant statistical relationship between noise and psychological stresses. In addition, by using Spearman regression method, the influence of variables such as age, gender and job history on psychological stresses caused by L_eq and L_max was studied and the results only revealed that the aggression caused by L_eq increased in young personnel (P=0.02) as well as, anxiety caused by L increased accompanied by increasing the job history and age of the workers (P=0.002 and P=0.007). Therefore, more variables must be taken into consideration to judge about noise induced psychological stresses in workplaces.     

Dosage du potassium par spectrom étrie gamma sur les carottes de 5 sondages réalisés dans le quaternaire d'Evian (France)

Résumé Nous présentons les premiers résultats obtenus sur la distribution du potassium en surface et en profondeur dans les formations morainiques, d'âge quaternaire de la région d'Evian. Les mesures ont été réalisées par l'un de nous (Ph.Olive) en opérant par spectrométrie gamma. Les échantillons ont été prélevés dans 5 sondages carottés dont l'étude détaillée fait l'objet de la thèse de l'un de nous (B.Blavoux).Les résultats obtenus montrent que la teneur en potassium varie dans le même sens que le pourcentage de la fraction fine (inférieure à 40 ), et inversement à la calcimétrie totale exprimée en % du sédiment. Le dosage du potassium permet ainsi de distinguer un sédiment morainique d'un sédiment interglaciaire.

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We present the first results concerning potassium surface and depth-distribution in morainic formations of quaternary age in the Evian area. Measurements were made by one of us (Ph. Olive) by means of gamma spectroscopy. Samples were collected through 5 core-drillings of which a schematic geological section is shown; a thesis has been devoted by one of us (B.Blavoux) to the detailed study of these drillings.According to the results of our research, the potassium content varies with the percentage of fine fraction below 40 and in inverse ratio to total calcimetry as expressed in % of sediment.

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Zusammenfassung Wir veröffentlichen die ersten Resultate über die Oberflächen- und Tiefen-Kaliumvorkommen in den Moränenformationen des Quartärs aus der Umgebung von Evian. Die Messungen werden vonPh. Olive durchgeführt und zwar mit Hilfe der Spektranalyse der Gammastrahlen. Die Proben entnahmen wir fünf Kernbohrungen, die wir in einem schematischen geologischen Schnitt zeigen, deren detaillierte Auswertung aber Thema der Dissertation eines unserer Mitarbeiter ist (B.Blavoux).Die gefundenen Resultate zeigen, daß der Kaliumgehalt parallel zum Prozentsatz an Feinbruch (kleiner als 40 ) variiert, und reziprok zur Calcimétrie totale, gemessen in Sedimentsprozenten. Die Bestimmung des Kaliumgehaltes erlaubt also, ein Moränensediment von einem Sediment der Zwischeneiszeit zu unterscheiden.

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a Evian '. .

     

Geochemical distribution of trace metal pollutants in water and sediments of downstream of an urban river

A study was conducted to investigate the trace metal pollution of water and sediments of downstream of Tsurumi River, Yokohama, Japan. Twenty samples of water and sediments were collected from the river starting from Tokyo bay side up to the junction point of the Yagami River. Results show that the mean concentrations of chromium, cupper and nickel in water greatly exceed (>100 times) the surface water standard. The concentration of molybdenum and lead was also higher than standard values while iron and manganese was lower than that of surface water standard. The mean concentration of zinc, cupper, cadmium, lead, chromium, vanadium, bromine and iodine was 381.1, 133.0, 1.0, 40.8, 102.9, 162.0, 71.5 and 10.6 μg/g sediments, respectively and was greatly exceed the average worldwide shale concentrations and average Japanese river sediment values. However, mean concentration of arsenic, nickel and strontium was 11.0, 36.6 and 164.6 μg/g sediments, respectively which was lower than the average shale value. Other analyzed trace metals, including barium, zirconium, rubidium, yttrium, tin, antimony, cesium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium were detected in river sediments; the concentration of which was close to the Japan’s river sediment average values. Pollution load index values of the sites of the studied area ranged from 1.24 to 7.65 which testify that the river sediments are polluted. The PLI value of the area was, however, high (6.53) as the concentration of trace metals like zinc, cupper, cadmium, lead and chromium were very high and were the major pollutants.     

Comparison of binding abilities of fulvic and humic acids extracted from recent marine sediments with UO2

Potentiometric titrations were used to measure conditional stability constants of UO₂²⁺-fulvic acid and UO₂²⁺-humic acid complexes. Both 2:1 and 1:1 COO^-:UO₂²⁺ binding were observed. With decreasing metal concentration (2.5·10⁻⁴-6.25·10⁻⁵ M) increasing amounts of UO₂²⁺ were in the form of 1:1 humate complexes and 2:1 fulvate complexes. Despite the high nitrogen content and the low acidic OH group content, the successive stability constant values were similar to those determined for divalent cations associated with fulvic and humic compounds isolated from soils. Stability constant values increase simultaneously with increasing ionization of the humic (or fulvic) acid polyelectrolytes and with decreasing metal concentration.