A possible presence of HeH+ in white dwarfs

The equivalent width calculations for the fundamental vibration rotation band lines of HeH⁺ have been carried out for a non-DA white dwarf model with an effective temperature of 12 000 K. BothP andR branch lines with rotational quantum numbersJ=3 to 18 were included in the calculations. A search for these lines in helium rich white dwarfs is suggested.     

Do prominences migrate equatorwards?

The mean latitude of prominence samples referring to one boundary of the polarity division line of the large-scale magnetic field is calculated on the basis of H charts in the period 1955–1982. It is shown that the magnetic field in that period had a latitude zonal structure. The boundaries of the latitude zones of the magnetic field had no regular equatorwards migration. They either oscillated near the mean boundaries at 0°, ±20°, ±40°, or migrated polewards.     

The shape and structure of Mimas

The Voyager images have shown that Mimas and Enceladus have regular shapes, with topography of the order of 1% of the diameter. Therefore, we can compare the global shapes of these satellites with the corresponding figures of gravitational equilibrium. In the case of Mimas, this comparison rules out a homogeneous interior, but implies the existence of a denser, presumably rocky core within this small icy satellite.     

Simulation of ionosphere-plasmasphere coupling taking into account ion inertia and temperature anisotropy

In this paper we offer a model for the Earth's ionosphere and plasmasphere, allowing for the inertia and anisotropic energy distribution of thermal plasma. A procedure for simultaneous solution of equations of continuity and motion for the O⁺ and H⁺ ions, subject to inertia terms, is described. The model also includes transfer equations for longitudinal and transversal thermal energies. The system of simulating equations and the kinetic equation for superthermal electron spectra are concordantly solved along geomagnetic field lines. Within the framework of the model we developed a study is made of the dynamics of filling of the evacuated plasmaspheric reservoir after a magnetospheric disturbance. It is shown that the filling of the tubes offorce with L ? 3.5 proceeds with supersonic speeds during the first several days and the character of filling differs very much from a diffusion-equilibrium one. The spatio-temporal behavior of electron and ion temperature anisotropy that is formed in the process of filling, is considered. It is found that the value of electron anisotropy can be large. A brief analysis is made of the causes of electron and ion temperature anisotropy.     

Predicting shoreline evolution on a centennial scale using the example of the vistula (Baltic) spit

The proposed algorithm comprises three main steps. The first step is the evaluation of the sediment transport and budget. It was shown that the root segment of the Vistula Spit is dominated by eastward longshore sediment transport (up to 50 thousand m³/year). Over the rest of the spit, the shoreline??s orientation causes westward sediment transport (more than 100 thousand m³/year). The gradients of the longshore and cross shore sediment transport become the major contributors to the overall sediment balance. The only exception is the northeastern tip of the spit due to the appreciable imbalance of the sediment budget (13 m³m^?1 yr^?1). The second step in the prediction modeling is the estimation of the potential sea-level changes during the 21st century. The third step involves modeling of the shoreline??s behavior using the SPELT model [6, 7, 8]. In the most likely scenario, the rate of the recession is predicted to be about 0.3 m/year in 2010?C2050 and will increase to 0.4 m/year in 2050?C2100. The sand deficit, other than the sea-level rise, will be a key factor in the control of the shoreline??s evolution at the northeastern tip of the spit, and the amount of recession will range from 160 to 200 m in 2010?C2100.     

Dependence of the types of coasts and coastal eolian relief on the variations of the sea level using the example of the Caspian Sea

In this work, the history of the development of the Turali area (the Dagestan coast of the Caspian Sea) in the Late Holocene is under consideration. The analysis of the geological structure of the bay bar that separates the Bolshoy Turali lagoon from the sea, the granulometric analysis of the coastal deposits, and the data of geo-radar profiles make it possible to assert that the large eolian relief forms were formed during the New Caspian (Novokaspiyskoe) transgression of the Caspian Sea.     

Russian studies of atmospheric electricity in 2011–2014

This review contains the most significant results of Russian studies in the field of atmospheric electricity in 2011–2014. It is part of the Russian National Report on Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences to the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS). The report was presented and approved at the XXVI General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG).¹ The review is followed by a list of the main published works on the studies of atmospheric electricity of Russian scientists in 2011–2014.