Research progress of TiO2 photocathodic protection to metals in marine environment

Corrosion protection has become an important issue as the amount of infrastructure construction in marine environment increased.Photocathodic protection is a promising method to reduce the corrosion of metals,and titanium dioxide(TiO_2) is the most widely used photoanode.This review summarizes the progress in TiO_2 photo gene rated protection in recent years.Different types of semiconductors,including sulfides,metals,metal oxide s,polymers,and other materials,are used to design and modify TiO_2.The strategy to dramatically improve the efficiency of photoactivity is proposed,and the mechanism is investigated in detail.Characterization methods are also introduced,including morphology testing,light absorption,photoelectrochemistry,and protected metal observation.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Ti02 development and guide photocathodic protection.     

An enhanced underwater camera apparatus for seabed observation of megabenthic epifauna in the northern Yellow Sea

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Seabed photographing has been applied with various underwater camera apparatuses (UCAs) for observations of megabenthic epifauna, which reveals more details...     

GPS/BDS short-term ISB modelling and prediction

GPS Solutions - The Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has completed its first milestone by providing coverage of the Asia–Pacific area navigation service since December 27,...     

Conceptual Framework for Key Element Identification in Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS): Case of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System in China

With the continuous emergence of global development problems, the dynamic conservation and sustainable development of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) have been assigned greater importance. However, due to the complex structure, multi-component, dynamic, and open characteristics of IAHS, there are neglected problems which need to be solved in conservation practice, such as component element ambiguity, obscurity of the conservation redline, etc. This study defined the concept of key elements (KE) of IAHS, put forward a conceptual framework of KE identification, conducted empirical research by taking Honghe County of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System (HHRTS) as an example and analyzed the level of recognition motivations for different stakeholder groups. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) The KE of HHRTS are grain crops, rice species biodiversity, terrace construction and maintenance technique, Hani traditional festivals, Hani traditional foods, and virgin forest; 2) The reasons behind the KE priorities of farmers, businessmen and tourists were at the micro level, the reasons of officers were at the middle level and the reasons of researchers were at the macro level. The empirical study conducted in HHRTS showed that the proposed conceptual framework could identify KE of IAHS effectively, and provided a theoretical perspective for the structuring of and essential need for IAHS research. Moreover, the KE recognition levels of different stakeholder groups reflected their potential action strategies. We should focus on the coherence of policies and measures in both the microscale and macroscale to balance the diversified demands of stakeholders, and to stimulate their enthusiasm for participation in the conservation in order to improve the management level of IAHS sites.     

2012年夏季秦巴山区暴雨过程的地形作用诊断

利用NCEP/NCAR的1°×1° FNL再分析资料对2012年7月3—4日发生在陕西南部秦巴山区暴雨过程的成因及地形对暴雨的作用进行了诊断研究,同时利用中尺度模式WRFV331模拟了暴雨过程,结果表明：500 hPa高原槽、700、850 hPa的低涡切变线和副高外围西南气流是暴雨的主要影响天气系统。700 hPa副高外围的西南气流从云贵高原推进到秦岭南坡并沿坡爬升,同时还与山前的偏东气流汇合而形成气流辐合区,致使气旋性涡度增大,辐合抬升作用造成强垂直上升运动,低层低涡切变线得以发展和维持,秦岭南坡产生了大暴雨,秦巴山区地形对暴雨有显著的增幅作用。高原槽中冷空气从秦岭以北向南侵入,大巴山以南的西南暖湿气流向北推进,在冷暖空气的交汇地带形成斜压锋区;地形的辐合抬升作用加强中低层大气锋生,增大大气斜压不稳定性,触发不稳定能量的释放,有利于暴雨的发生。暴雨发生期间秦巴山区在垂直方向上,雨水、云水、冰晶的大值中心相互对应,存在“播撒—供给”效应,有利于雨水粒子增多,导致山区出现了强降雨。     

Longitudinal genetic analysis of growth-related traits in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard)

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is an economically important species especially in China. Their exoskeleton places serious constraints on growth...     

GNSS水汽层析的约束条件方程变权代数重构算法

基于传统代数重构算法（algebraic reconstruction technique, ART）提出一种约束条件方程变权的代数重构算法(variable weight algebraic reconstruction technique, VWART),利用2019-08香港地区CORS网GNSS观测数据进行实验,选用京士柏探空气象站探空数据进行验证分析。结果表明,相比于传统代数重构算法,变权代数重构算法的精度、稳定性和可靠性均有所提高。以探空数据为例,其RMSE降低20.334%;在不同程度降水条件下,变权代数重构算法反演的垂直水汽廓线分布均优于传统代数重构算法。     

单纯形法及其在广蓄电站围岩变形反分析中的应用

本文将广州抽水蓄能电站围岩视为均匀各向同性介质或正交各向异性节理岩体,采用单纯形加速法,对交通洞和主变排风洞内观测断面的变形资料进行了正法拟合分析,得出了一系列岩体力学参数及地应力场特征数据并与实测数据做了对比。     

浙江省海宁市TM图像土地利用自动分类精度评价方法的试验研究

按照国家土管局土地利用现状分类标准,利用叠合的海宁市长安镇１∶１万同时期土地详查电子地图的全域地面实况数据,在遥感图像处理常规分类方法的范畴内,采取最大程度利于提高分类精度的措施,所得的分类精度上限为６５％。研究表明,通常在试验区的小块局部中选择训练样本和选择评价分类精度的参考像元,对精度评价有显著影响,参考像元质量和数量的限制很可能是这些年来一些同类研究报道了较高分类精度结果的主要原因     

南黄海地震区的地震活动性研究

北纬３１°—３５°、东经１１９°—１２５°范围内的南黄海地震区,中强地震活动频繁,这主要是由一组北北东向和北西—北西西向共轭走滑活动断层及张性铲形活动断层引起的,该区内的中强震活动具有准周期性,震中呈东移趋势,区内地震在原地或同一构造部位重复发生的概率比较高,且空间分布是不均匀的,其中,海域地震强度明显高于陆域地震,在第Ⅲ、Ⅳ地震活跃期内,中强震主要发生在北纬３３°±１°、东经１２１°±１°所在的南黄海海域的南部盆地,本区第Ⅳ活跃期内中强地震的活动水平与近期内中小地震的活动水平相当,同时,海域地震还具有成丛性及５７ 年、６ 年的节律,地震震中具有南北迁移的特征