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41.
Takato Naruhisa Fuse Tetsuharu Gaessler Wolfgang Goto Miwa Kanzawa Tomio Kobayashi Naoto Minowa Yosuke Oya Shin Pyo Tae-Soo Saint-Jacque D. Takami Hideki Terada Hiroshi Hayano Yutaka Iye Masanori Kamata Yukiko Tokunaga A. T. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2003,92(1-4):183-191
We have measured near-infrared colorsof the binary Kuiper Belt object (KBO)1998 WW31 using the Subaru Telescope withadaptive optics. The satellite was detectednear its perigee and apogee(0.18“ and 1.2” apart from the primary).The primary and the satellite have similar H–Kcolors, while the satellite is redder thanthe primary in J–H. Combined with the Rband magnitude previously published byVeillet et al., 2002, the color of the primaryis consistent with that of optically red KBOs. Thesatellite's R-, J-, H-colors suggest thepresence of ~1 μm absorption band dueto rock-forming minerals. If the surface of thesatellite is mainly composed by olivine, thesatellite's albedo is higher value than the canonicallyassumed value of 4%. 相似文献
42.
Masanori?KondaEmail author Hiroshi?Ichikawa In-Seong?Han Xiao-Hua?Zhu Kaoru?Ichikawa 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(6):1089-1099
The relationship between the vertical profile of current on the bottom slope southeast of Okinawa Island and the offshore
meso-scale eddy propagated from the east was examined by combined use of the data obtained by a moored upward-looking ADCP
(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler), PIES (Inverted Echo Sounder with Pressure gauge), hydrographic surveys and satellite
altimetry during a period from November 2000 to August 2001. The variability of current component parallel to the isobath
in the layer over 600 m is found to be markedly different from that in the layer below 600 m. The current variability in the
upper and the lower layer can be well explained by the first and second modes of the EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) decomposition.
The PIES and the sea surface height anomaly data suggest that the first mode represents the surface-trapped current associated
with the approach of the offshore meso-scale eddy from the east, whereas the second mode has a bottom-intensified structure.
The second mode velocity tends to delay to the first mode. The hydrographic data derived from CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth
meter) and PIES data along the line across the isobath suggest that the second mode component is generated by the interaction
between the meso-scale eddy and the bottom topography. 相似文献
43.
Masahisa Kubota Naoto Iwasaka Shoichi Kizu Masanori Konda Kunio Kutsuwada 《Journal of Oceanography》2002,58(1):213-225
We have constructed ocean surface data sets using mainly satellite data and called them Japanese Ocean Flux data sets with
Use of Remote sensing Observations (J-OFURO). The data sets include shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, latent heat flux,
sensible heat flux, and momentum flux etc. This article introduces J-OFURO and compares it with other global flux data sets
such as European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) and National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)
reanalysis data and da Silva et al. (1994). The usual ECMWF data are used for comparison of zonal wind. The comparison is carried out for a meridional profile
along the dateline for January and July 1993. Although the overall spatial variation is common for all the products, there
is a large difference between them in places. J-OFURO shortwave radiation in July shows larger meridional contrast than other
data sets. On the other hand, J-OFURO underestimates longwave radiation flux at low- and mid-latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere.
J-OFURO latent heat flux in January overestimates at 10°N–20°N and underestimates at 25°N–40°N. Finally, J-OFURO shows a larger
oceanic net heat loss at 10°N–20°N and a smaller loss north of 20°N in January. The data of da Silva et al. in July show small net heat loss around 20°S and large gain around 20°N, while the NCEP reanalysis (NRA) data show the opposite.
The da Silva et al. zonal wind speed overestimates at low-latitudes in January, while ECMWF wind data seem to underestimate the easterlies.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
44.
Masanori Sakamoto Kiyoji Shiono Shinji Masumoto Kiyoshi Wadatsumi 《Natural Resources Research》1993,2(2):140-147
In this article we describe the basic framework of the computerized geologic mapping system cigma. The system, whic is based on a mathematical formulation of geologic concepts, consists of the following six subsystems: (1) input of geologic data set; (2) inference of stratigraphic sequence; (3) construction of logical models of geologic structures; (4) determination of three-dimensional geologic boundary surfaces; (5) construction of three-dimensional solid model of geologic structures; and (6) graphical presentation. Geologic structures are summarized in several tables called logical models of geologic structures. Each model is constructed automatically from input data on structural relations between geologic bodies. The model interprets the data automatically to create data files necessary to determine the shapes of geologic boundaries; it also provides a threedimensional solid model of geologic structures referring to the shapes of boundaries. As a prototype, we introduce two types of contacts corresponding to conformity and unconformity into the logical model and show that it is possible to draw a geologic map automatically. More complex geologic structures can be introduced into the geologic mapping system through further formulation of geologic structures. 相似文献
45.
Journal of Seismology - In the Kanto Basin, Japan, it has been reported that the dominant periods of long-period ground motions vary depending on the areas where earthquakes occurred. This suggests... 相似文献
46.
Masanori Kurosawa Kunihiro Shima Satoshi Ishii Kimikazu Sasa 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2006,30(1):17-30
The concentrations of fifty trace elements, including relatively volatile elements and transition metal elements, in fused glasses of Geological Survey of Japan rock reference materials GSJ JR-2, JA-1, JA-2, JB-1a, JB-3, JGb-1 and JF-1 were determined by particle (proton) induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The fused glasses were prepared by rapid fusion and subsequent quenching in welded platinum capsules and were found to be homogeneous for major elements and for trace elements with concentrations of more than 1 μg g-1 within the observed precision (± 10% mean) on a 70 μm sampling scale. The values obtained by PIXE and LA-ICP-MS for the transition elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni and Cu), the relatively volatile elements (Zn, Ga, Rb and Pb) and the refractory elements (Y, Zr, Nb and Th) with concentrations greater than a few μg g-1 showed good agreement (within 10 % relative difference). The values for almost all the elements detected at concentrations higher than 1 μg g-1 as determined by LA-ICP-MS also agreed well with the reference values (mean relative difference < ± 10%), except for B and Cu. The good agreement confirmed the appropriateness of the NIST SRM 600 series glass calibration reference material for LA-ICP-MS analysis of glasses with variable major-element compositions for almost all elements. The concentrations of Cu in all the samples were lower than the reference values, which was attributed to adsorption of the transition metals onto the platinum capsule during preparation. 相似文献
47.
An empirical model for landslide travel distance prediction in Wenchuan earthquake area 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Sliding mass of landslides highly endangered the area along travel path, especially landslides with long travel distance. It is necessary to develop an effective prediction model for preliminarily evaluating landslide travel distance so as to improve disaster prevention and relocation. This paper collected 54 landslides with 347–4,170 m travel distance triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to discuss the effectiveness of various influential factors on landslide travel distance and obtained an empirical model for its prediction. The results revealed that rock type, sliding source volume, and slope transition angle were the predominant factors on landslide travel distance. The validity of proposed model was verified by the satisfactory agreement between observations and predictions. Therefore, this model might be practically applicable in Wenchuan earthquake area and other similar geomorphological and geological regions. 相似文献
48.
Fluid inclusions in quartz from miarolitic cavities, pegmatites, and quartz veins in Miocene biotite-granite plutons, Kofu, Japan, were analyzed by particle-induced X-ray emission to examine chemistries and behaviors of granite-derived fluids in island-arc granite. Most inclusions are aqueous two-phase inclusions, and halite-bearing polyphase inclusions are also observed in quartz veins in the upper part of the plutons. From element contents of fluid inclusions in the miarolitic cavities, the original fluid released from the granite plutons during solidification is inferred to have concentrations of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ge, Br, Rb, Pb, and Ba of several tens to hundreds of parts per million by weight (ppm) and a salinity of about 10 wt% NaCl equivalent. We estimated the formation conditions of the fluid to have been at about 1.3–1.9 kb and 530–600°C on the basis of the homogenization temperatures of the inclusions and the solidification conditions of the plutons. The polyphase inclusions probably originated from hypersaline fluid by boiling of part of the released fluid during its ascent in the plutons. The polyphase inclusions contain several hundreds to tens of thousands of ppm of Fe and Mn, and tens to several hundreds of ppm of Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, and Pb. The salinities are about 35 wt% NaCl equivalent. Compositional variations in two-phase inclusions from the miarolitic cavities and quartz veins are primarily explained by mineral precipitation with dilution by surface water exerting a secondary influence. Thus, chemistries and behaviors of the granite-derived fluids in the plutons can be explained by mineral precipitation, boiling, and dilution of the originally released fluid. 相似文献
49.
Ryoko Fujiyoshi Masanori Okabayashi Yousuke Sakuta Kazumasa Okamoto Takashi Sumiyoshi Ivan Kobal Janja Vaupotič 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(3):1159-1167
Soil radon (222Rn) has been monitored during winter months under cool-temperate deciduous stands of different surface geology in Tomakomai and in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Radon level was lower in Tomakomai of immature soil of porous volcanic ash emitted from an active volcano (Mt. Tarumae), compared with those in Sapporo of alluvial sediments. In Tomakomai, mean value of the 222Rn activity concentration was higher in winter (570 Bq m?3) than in summer (350 Bq m?3) at a depth of 1 m, which is consistent with the results in cold and dry winter reported in the literature. In contrast, soil radon decreasing with decreasing soil temperature from mid-September (5.0 kBq m?3) remained low (2.6 kBq m?3) under persistent snow in Sapporo, which had already been observed in the same location. Measurements of the activity concentrations of 222Rn in snow and in snow air as well as in soil air indicate that the small amount of 222Rn is released from the ground surface to the overlying snowpack with a 222Rn flux density of 0.4 mBq m?2 s?1 under thick snow cover in Sapporo. 相似文献
50.
Six polymorphs of MgSiO3 have been studied using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation techniques, based on the empirical potential (MAMOK), which is composed of terms to describe pairwise additive Coulomb, van der Waals attraction, and repulsive interactions. Crystal structures, bulk moduli, volume thermal expansivities, and enthalpies were simulated for the known MgSiO3 polymorphs; orthoenstatite, clinoenstatite, protoenstatite, garnet, ilmenite, and perovskite. The simulated values compare very well with the available experimental data, and the results are quite satisfactory in view of the diversity of the crystal structures of the six polymorphs, the wide range of simulated properties, and the simplicity of the MAMOK potential. MD simulation was further successfully used to study the possibile existence of a post-protoenstatite phase at high temperature, and a C2/c phase at high pressure, both phases being suggested or inferred previously from experimental works. 相似文献