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41.
42.
CHIME age dating of monazites from metamorphic rocks and granitic rocks of the Ryoke belt in the Iwakuni area, Southwest Japan 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract CHIME (chemical Th-U-total Pb isochron method) ages were determined for monazite from gneisses and granitoids of the Ryoke belt in the Iwakuni area. The CHIME monazite ages are 99.6 ± 2.4, 98.9 ± 2.1 and 98.2 ± 5.7 Ma for the Ryoke gneiss, 90.7 ± 2.2, 89.7 ± 2.0 and 89.3 ± 2.2 Ma for the Tajiri Granite, 91.0 ± 3.2, 90.6 ± 3.2 and 89.9 ± 3.2 Ma for the Namera Granite, 89.3 ±3.3 and 88.6 ± 5.6 Ma for a small stock at Shimizu, and 87.3 ± 1.6 and 86.6 ± 2.1 Ma for the post-tectonic Shimokuhara Granite. The CHIME monazite ages, interpreted as the time of the first attainment at the amphibolite facies conditions for the gneisses and as the time of emplacement for the granites, respectively, agree with the field intrusive sequence. The present dating documented that the Ryoke metamorphism in the Iwakuni area reached the amphibolite facies conditions at ∼98 Ma, was complete at -87 Ma, the time of emplacement of the post-tectonic Shimokuhara Granite. 相似文献
43.
P. JenniskensE. Lyytinen M.C. de LignieC. Johannink K. JobseR. Schievink M. LangbroekM. Koop P. GuralM.A. Wilson I. YrjöläK. Suzuki H. OgawaP. de Groote 《Icarus》2002,159(1):197-209
We calculate the position of dust trails from comet 8P/Tuttle, in an effort to explain unusual Ursid meteor shower outbursts that were seen when the comet was near aphelion. Comet 8P/Tuttle is a Halley-type comet in a 13.6-year orbit, passing just outside of Earth's orbit. We find that the meteoroids tend to be trapped in the 12:14 mean motion resonance with Jupiter, while the comet librates in a slightly shorter period orbit around the 13:15 resonance. It takes 6 centuries to decrease the perihelion of the meteoroid orbits enough to intersect Earth's orbit, during which time the meteoroids and comet separate in mean anomaly by 6 years, thus explaining the 6-year lag between the comet's return and Ursid outbursts. The resonances also prevent dispersion along the comet orbit and limit viewing to only one year in each return. We identified past dust trail encounters with dust trails from 1392 (Dec. 1945) and 1378 (Dec. 1986) and predicted another outburst on 2000 December 22 at around 7:29 and 8:35 UT, respectively, from dust trails dating to the 1405 and 1392 returns. This event was observed from California using video and photographic techniques. At the same time, five Global-MS-Net stations in Finland, Japan, and Belgium counted meteors using forward meteor scatter. The outburst peaked at 8:06±07 UT, December 22, at zenith hourly rate ∼90 per hour, and the Ursid rates were above half peak intensity during 4.2 h. We find that most Ursid orbits do scatter around the anticipated positions, confirming the link with comet 8P/Tuttle and the epoch of ejection. The 1405 and 1392 dust trails appear to have contributed similar amounts to the activity profile. Some orbits provide a hint of much older debris being present as well. This work is the strongest evidence yet for the relevance of mean motion resonances in Halley-type comet dust trail evolution. 相似文献
44.
Geostatistically based history-matching methods make it possible to devise history-matching strategies that will honor geologic
knowledge about the reservoir. However, the performance of these methods is known to be impeded by slow convergence rates
resulting from the stochastic nature of the algorithm. It is the purpose of this paper to introduce a method that integrates
qualitative gradient information into the probability perturbation method to improve convergence. The potential of the proposed
method is demonstrated on a synthetic history-matching example. The results indicate that inclusion of qualitative gradient
information improves the performance of the probability perturbation method. 相似文献
45.
Double-planed deep seismic zone and anomalous structure in the upper mantle beneath northeastern Honshu (Japan) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Seismicity located by using the most recent data obtained from the high-gain seismograph network of Tohoku University shows that the deep seismic zone beneath northeastern Honshu, Japan, is composed of two thin planes which are parallel to each other and are 30–40 km apart. Focal mechanisms derived from the earthquakes in the upper plane are reverse-faulting, or, some of them, down-dip compression. As a contrast, those in the lower plane are down-dip extension. The location of the upper boundary of the descending lithospheric slab, inferred from the arrival-time difference between ScS and ScSp waves and from the travel-time anomaly of intermediate-depth earthquakes observed at the small-scale seismic array, coincides exactly with the upper plane of the double-planed deep seismic zone. Anelasticity (1/Q) structure of the upper mantle consists of three distinct zones: a high-Q (Qs− 1500) inclined lithospheric slab, an intennediate-Q (Qs−350) land-side mantle between the Pacific coast and the volcanic front, and a low-Q (Qs − 100) land-side mantle between the volcanic front and the coast of the Japan Sea.The evidence obtained here provides valuable information as to the definition of the type of mechanism producing the plate motion beneath island arcs. 相似文献
46.
Labradorite was altered artificially by HC1 solution ranging from M = 1 to M = 0.003 at 245 and 230°C. The products of alteration were examined by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, electron diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and the electron microprobe and the solution was analyzed chemically.Amorphous silica only was formed in solutions with MHCl = 1 and MHCl = 0.3. In a solution with MHCl = 0.2, amorphous silica was initially formed, later dissolved and replaced by kaolinite. A mixture of microcrystalline boehmite and amorphous aluminosilicate was formed, altering to kaolinite in solutions with MHCl = 0.1 and 0.3. Small amounts of kaolinite were initially formed but the alteration soon stopped in solution with MHCl = 0.003. Relationships between the alteration processes and pH of the solutions can be roughly explained by using solubility diagrams assuming the congruent dissolution of labradorite and precipitation of the products in partial equilibrium. However, these assumptions are not valid with strongly acid solutions.The rate of dissolution of labradorite is controlled not only by its surface area, but also by the diffusion of matter through the layer of alteration products. 相似文献
47.
An unusual association of chromite and hornblende was found in the spessartites of andesite composition, occurring as a dike
swarm associated with a Cretaceous granite batholith. The spessartites are largely porphyritic with phenocrysts of either
hornblende or augite. One dike, comprising a finegrained spessartite, exhibits distinct chilled selvages of aphanitic facies.
The chromites in the fine-grained and augite-spessartites are significantly higher in Cr/ (Cr+Al) than those occurring rarely
as inclusions in the phenocrystic hornblendes in the hornblende spessartite, although both are similar in Mg/ (Mg+Fe), Fe2O3, and TiO2. The phenocrystic hornblendes are titaniferous pargasite with high Mg/ (Mg+Fe), and differ in their higher octahedral Al
from the groundmass hornblendes including those in the fine-grained spessartite. The crystallization sequence in the phenocrystic
hornblende-bearing spessartites is Al-rich chromite, phenocrystic hornblende, and plagioclase without pyroxene, suggesting
a high water content in the magma and the start of the crystallization at relatively high pressures. The finegrained spessartite
from which the porphyritic spessartites have been derived by fractionation of dominant mafic minerals, has the high Mg-value
and Cr content equivalent to those in primitive, undifferentiated basalts, although still andesitic in SiO2 content. Chemically similar magnesian andesites, although uncommon, found in some orogenic calc-alkalic suites may represent
a magma composition in equilibrium with mantle peridotite under the condition of high water pressures. 相似文献
48.
The accurate measurement of thermal expansion in spinel MgAl2O4 over a temperature range between 30° C and 900° C has revealed an anomalous behaviour indicating a possible presence of a second order phase transition at 660° C. 相似文献
49.
K. Myokei Y. Matsudo T. Asano T. Suzuki Y. Hobara K. Michimoto M. Hayakawa 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(5):597-602
Continuous observations of sprites in the Hokuriku area of Japan were performed from two optical sites during the three winter periods. The purpose of this observation is to study the major effect in the appearance of sprites and in determining the morphology of sprites (columns or carrots). Detailed analysis is performed based on the estimation of the height of ?10 °C at the time of sprite occurrence. When the height of ?10 °C is lower than 1800 m, the occurrence of sprites is infrequent, and the dominant shape is column. Then when it is increased (1800–3000 m), a new situation takes place, namely the occurrence of sprites is very enhanced and more spectacular shapes like carrots tend to be frequently observed in addition to column sprites. These sprite characteristics are first compared with those of parent lightning in the Hokuriku area and with our latest computer simulations on sprite initiation. 相似文献
50.
Tatsuya?IwataEmail author Yoshiko?Shinomura Yuta?Natori Yasumasa?Igarashi Rumi?Sohrin Yoshimi?Suzuki 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(4):721-732
We investigated the water structure and nutrient distribution in the Suruga Bay from April 2000 to July 2002, especially the Offshore Water, which occupies a large part of the bay. The maximum salinity in the upper 200 m varied between 34.49 and 34.71, indicating a temporal change in the influence of Kuroshio Water on the Offshore Water. Seasonal variation in nutrient concentrations was largest from surface to 50 m. On the other hand, the variance in nutrient concentrations within each season was largest in the subsurface layer of 100–300 m in spring, summer and fall. In the Offshore Water, the change of nutrients was negatively correlated with that of salinity in each season. This suggests that an increasing intrusion of saline water brings about a lower nutrient concentration in the Offshore Water. Likewise, negative correlations were observed between the change of the maximum salinity and chlorophyll a (Δ [chl.a-int])/nutrients integrated in the upper 200 m. Δ[chl.a-int] was significantly correlated with the changes of nitrate and phosphorus, but there were no significant correlations between Δ[chl.a-int] and the change of silicate. These results suggest that the concentrations of chlorophyll a and nutrients in the Offshore Water were decreased due to the increasing intrusion of Kuroshio Water. The Offshore Water is likely to be related to the regulation of primary production by nitrate. 相似文献