副热带海域的海洋加热异常及其对副高的影响

海洋在天气、气候及大气环流变化过程中起着重要作用,海洋热源的异常分布是造成长期天气异常的重要原因。海洋对大气的作用主要是通过海气界面的热量交换来实现的，因此,直接运用海气热量交换来考虑海洋对大气的加热作用,分析海洋加热异常对长期天气、气候及大气环流的影响,具有更明确的物理意义。 西北太平洋副热带高压是造成我国旱、涝及天气变化的主要副热带天气系统,对我国夏季气温、雨带位置及强度影响很大。西北太平洋中、低纬副热带地区是海洋向大气提供热量和水汽较多的地区,也是海气相互作用最强烈的海域,这一地区的海洋加热对西北太平洋副热带高压的变化将有直接影响。本文分析了冬季西北太平洋副热带海域海洋加热主要场的分布特征,指出了海洋加热与西北太平洋副热带高压的关系。结果表明,冬季该海域海洋加热较常年偏多时,冬、春至初夏副高偏弱,位置偏东、南(6月副高脊线位置除外);反之,海洋加热较常年偏少时,副高偏强,位置偏西、北(6月副高脊线位置除外)。该海域海洋加热对副热带地区大气环流,尤其是副热带高压环流的变化有着重要作用。本结果对预测西北太平洋副热带高压的变化,研究中纬度海洋加热对西北太平洋副热带高压及其大气环流的影响有十分重要的意义。     

Shear Failure of a Clamped Dented Tubular Beam Under Lateral Impact

- The shear failure of a rigid-plastic dented clamped tubular beam under the lateral impact of a mass is investigated. Both the denting and the impact point are in the middle span of the beam. It is assumed that denting does not spread during the shear sliding. Numerical results show that the axial force and lateral deflection of the beam are very small at the moment of the occurence of shear failure, which means that the finite deformation effect can be neglected in the shear failure analysis. Also, some aspects of the initial impact energy are investigated.     

大鹏澳海域水体磷的形态及其分布特征

根据１９９２年１２月（冬季）和１９９３年７月（夏季）对大鹏澳海域２４ｈ定点连续观测和夏季大面调查，统计了该海域各种形态磷的变化范围和平均含量；计算了各种形态磷分别占总磷（ＴＰ）和总溶解磷（ＴＤＰ）的百分比；讨论了各种形态磷之间的相互关系；分析了影响ＴＰ和ＴＤＰ分布的环境因素。     

厦门地区潮间带蟹类的种类组成与分布

本文根据厦门地区三个岛屿潮间带调查所获的资料，研究了蟹类的种类组成与分布，并应用多样性指数分析了蟹类的结构特征。经鉴定的蟹类有１４种５５属９１种，其中软相５７种，岩相４４种。软相的蟹类组成与岩相的明显不同。     

汞对三角褐指藻生长影响的研究——汞与浮游植物相互作用(Ⅰ)

采用连续培养技术研究汞对三角褐指藻生长的影响。当长时间接触含HgCl_2(范围5～25μg/dm~3)的培养介质中,得到结果表明,藻的生长速率随汞浓度增加而降低,细胞所排泄的有机物增加,对细胞中Chl-a的含量有一定程度影响,并抑制对硝酸盐和磷酸盐的吸收。在最初的2—4天中,汞对生物化学过程影响最大。     

Cross-equatorial flow and its effects on the hurricanes occurrence over the Southern Hemisphere

Channels of cross - equatorial flow and their characteristics Winds at every 5 deg. grid point from 30°E to 180° over the equator at 850 hPa and 200hPa from December 1984 to February 1985 have been separated into U(zonal wind) andV(meridional wind).The V component has been used to represent cross- equatorial flow. FromFig. 1 we obtained that as during the Northern summer,there are also severa1 regions in which     

Calculating Method and Verification of Wave Pressure Distribution on the Breast Wall of Mound Breakwater

In this paper, the calculating charts and formulae about wave pressure on the breast wall are derived with seven parameters on the basis of physical model study. The verification shows that the charts agree with the example, and are adopted in the Specifications of Fishery Harbours Breakwater by the Ministry of Agricultures.     

超声波对盐藻的破碎作用

通过实验和对超声波破碎盐藻作用机制分析,为从盐藻中提取胡萝卜素探求一种简便的新途径。     

海藻硫酸多糖911对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应及对细胞产生IL—2作用的影响

本文以~3H—TdR掺入法观察911对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应的影响并用CTLL细胞检测了其对IL—2的作用。体外实验结果表明,911对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应有明显的增强作用,以0.5μg/ml的浓度效果最为明显,相对增殖指数RPI可达200％;体内实验则以5mg/kg体重ip,连续7d效果最好,相对增殖指数RPI可达176％;911用药组小鼠IL—2的产生量均高于对照组,以5mg/kg和10mg/kg效果最好。以上实验证明,这一多糖是一种有希望的新免疫调节药物。     

A study on zooplankton distribution patterns and indicator species in Kuroshio upstream area and adjacent East China Sea

On the basis of the data of zooplankton biomass and three major taxa—— Copepoda, Chaetognatha andSiphonophora of May-June 1986, July-August and December 1987, the distributional patterns and the indicator species of zooplankton in the Kuroshio and adjacent waters of the East China Sea are preliminarily studied. The results are as follows:The horizontal distribution of zooplankton biomass and the abundance of copepods, chaetognaths and siphonophores arecurred in the continent area northwest of Taiwan and the south-centre section of the East China Sea continent, which are the mix front of different waters. Zooplankton in the water area inside of Ryukyu Islands presented low abundance and high diversity. There are clear seasonal variations in zooplankton biomass and abundance in the study area. The strength or weakness of different water masses and fronts is the basic reason for the variations of zooplankton biomass and abundance.The species composition of zooplankton in the study area is complex and var