应用流体包裹体和自生伊利石测年重构鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油藏烃类充注史

中生界侏罗系是鄂尔多斯盆地重要的石油勘探与开发目的层之一,侏罗系油藏受前侏罗纪古地貌影响较为显著。本文通过流体包裹体特征分析、均一化温度测定和包裹体丰度（GOI）分析、定量颗粒荧光（QGF、QGF-E）研究以及储集层自生伊利石K-Ar定年等实验方法和手段的应用,对鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油气包裹体特征进行了精细描述及定量化分析研究,揭示了侏罗系油藏形成时间、充注过程及油气包裹体与油气运移、成藏的关系。研究结果表明：侏罗系油藏存在晚期充注,早期充注少或油藏遭受调整,早期生成的烃类现今仅以沥青的形式赋存,现今烃类流体主要为晚期成藏的产物。侏罗系石油大规模充注期为（108.3±2.0）~（116.5±2.0）Ma（早白垩世中期）,具有垂向运移聚集的特点。鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油藏早期受岩性和构造双重控制,晚期构造活动调整了油气藏的形态及局部富集。侏罗系在晚期成藏过程中没有形成过叠合连片的大规模的油藏,只在局部构造上形成规模较小的“小而肥”的独立油藏。     

大庆油田北部河流相储层沉积微相与水淹特征

大庆油田北部发育砂质辫状河道、曲流河道、高弯度分流河道和低弯度分流河道等砂体类型。以井间可对比的单一河流沉积物为研究单元 ,从河流相储层成因特征入手 ,应用油田开发后期密井网资料开展各类河流砂体细分微相研究。重点阐述了各类砂体的规模、宽厚比、发育的主要微相、物性特征及层内非均质特点。应用不同时期密闭取心检查井资料、测井水淹解释、生产动态测试资料 ,结合不同砂体和微相的非均质特点研究了不同微相的水淹变化特征。研究结果表明 ,不同阶段各类砂体层内及平面水淹变化特征不同 ,高含水后期剩余油主要分布于河间薄层砂、部分决口水道和废弃河道微相中 ,低弯度分流河道砂体中剩余油相对发育     

浙江花岗岩类地球化学与地壳演化——Ⅱ.元古宙花岗岩类

浙江元古宙花岗岩类包括神功期（1．8－1．9Ga）和晋宁晚期（0．6—0．9Ga）。研究了浙江元古宙花岗岩类的主元素、微量元素、稀土元素和Rb、Sr同位素组成特征及岩石成因，探讨了浙江地壳的演化。浙江地壳形成于太古亩和元古宙，地壳增生的时期为2．6－2．7、0．8-1．1和0.1－0.12Ga。随时间演化浙江地壳组成有变化，但分异演化不明显。沿江-绍断裂分布的晋宁晚期慢源和壳幔混合中酸性岩是普宁期俯冲碰撞的证据。加里乐和印支期是两次规模不大的构造运动。     

含硫化物镁铁质-超镁铁质侵入体中橄榄石Mg、Ni含量的制约:原理、模式及Voisey's Bay侵入体样品研究

镁铁质-超镁铁质岩浆结晶分离早期形成镁铁矿物,镁铁矿物中的Ni和Mg是相容元素。随着结晶分离作用的进行,Ni、Mg在硅酸盐岩浆及后形成的硅酸盐物质中的丰度下降。橄榄石中Ni含量及硅酸盐物质MgO/FeO比值都与母岩浆的相关值相关,据此可推断母岩浆的信息,它们之间可由实验测得的系数相联系。当岩浆饱和硫化物时,在结晶分离过程中硫化物珠滴会与镁铁硅酸盐物质一道析出,同时,与硫化物非饱和岩浆相比,过多的Ni会随之析出。这也反映在Ni、Mg含量比无硫化物分离时有更迅速的降低上。Ni、Mg含量变化值可以在VoiseysBay侵入体的模式曲线上反映出,加拿大Labrador的这一侵入体赋存了一个世界级的Ni-Cu-Co硫化物矿床。过去的作法是将侵入体中橄榄石的Ni、Mg含量与Simkin和Smith得出的各种火成岩中橄榄石的Ni、Mg含量相比较以确定Ni亏损,进而假定橄榄石来自硫化物饱和、有经济价值的岩浆。现在的研究显示这种简单的对比会导致错误。将样品数据与模式曲线对比并反映出侵入体矿物结晶堆积特征是重要的方法。使用这一方法,样品数据能很好地被模式曲线拟合。以在VoiseysBay的研究为例,当硫化物液相与硅酸盐矿物被去除后,硫化物非饱和的分离作用期就会显现出来,随后是硅酸盐结晶作用期。     

Os, Pb, and Nd isotope geochemistry of the Permian Emeishan continental flood basalts: Insights into the source of a large igneous province

The nature of the source of continental flood basalts (CFB) is a highly debated topic. Proposed mantle sources for CFBs, including both high- and low-Ti basalts, include subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), asthenospheric mantle, and deep, plume-related mantle. Re-Os isotope systematics can offer important constraints on the sources of both ocean island basalts (OIB) and CFB, and may be applied to distinguish different possible melt sources. This paper reports the first Re-Os isotope data for the Late Permian Emeishan large igneous province (LIP) in Southwest China. Twenty one CFB samples including both low- and high-Ti basalts from five representative sites within the Emeishan LIP have been analyzed for Os, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions. The obtained Os data demonstrate that crustal assimilation affected Os isotopic compositions of some Emeishan basalt samples with low Os concentrations but not all of the samples, and the Emeishan basalts with high Os contents likely experienced the least crustal contamination. The low and high-Ti basalts yield distinct Os signatures in terms of ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os and Os content. The low-Ti basalt with the highest Os concentration (400 ppt) has a radiogenic Os isotopic composition (γOs(t), +6.5), similar to that of plume-derived OIB. Because the Os isotopic composition of basalts with relatively high Os concentrations (typically >50 ppt) likely represents that of their mantle source, this result implies a plume-derived origin for the low-Ti basalts. On the other hand, the high-Ti basalts with high Os concentration (over 50 ppt) have unradiogenic Os isotopic signatures (γOs(t) values range from −0.8 to −1.4), suggesting that a subcontinental lithosphere mantle (SCLM) component most likely contributed to the generation of these magmas. Combining Pb and Nd isotopic tracers with the Os data, we demonstrate that the low-Ti basaltic magmas in the Emeishan CFB were mainly sourced from a mantle plume reservoir, whereas the high-Ti basaltic magmas were most likely derived from a SCLM reservoir or were contaminated by a significant amount of lithospheric mantle material during plume-related magma ascent through the SCLM.     

辽东早元古代裂谷多金属硫铁矿地质及其成矿规律

辽东早元古代地层内赋存着一系列多金属硫铁矿床。矿床的形成与分布主要受裂谷盆地演化及含矿建造控制。在不同的演化阶段分别形成了含钴黄铁矿 含铜黄铁矿 含硬石膏黄铁矿矿床系列和含硼（镁电气石）磁黄铁矿 含铅锌黄铁矿 重晶石闪锌黄铁矿矿床系列。依据成矿特征可分为海底火山喷气沉积与海底喷气沉积两种成因类型。成矿作用受裂谷、次级盆地、一定含矿层位和特殊容矿岩石相互联系与配套的控矿因素制约。在对成矿规律研究的基础上将该区多金属硫铁矿划分为６个成矿远景区。     

论太湖平原防治地面沉降的根本途径

本文在地下水开采－水位降落漏斗－地面沉降相关分析的基础上,认为防治太湖平原地面沉降的根本途径在加于强水资源统一规划和管理,加速引用长江水,大力治理水污染,最大限度地压缩地下水开采量。认为以“警戒水位”和“危险水位”作为控制指标,用时空信息系统进行动态管理,是有效的方法。     

A high precision U–Pb age of metamorphic rutile in coesite-bearing eclogite from the Dabie Mountains in central China: a new constraint on the cooling history

This paper first reports a high precision U–Pb age of 218±1.2 Ma for rutile in coesite-bearing eclogite from Jinheqiao in the Dabie Mounteins, east–central China. This work shows that the U–Pb mineral (rutile+omphacite) isochron age of 218±2.5 Ma and conventional rutile U–Pb concordia age of 218±1.2 Ma obtained by common Pb correction based on the Pb isotopic composition of omphacite in the same eclogite sample are consistent, proving that the omphacite with low U/Pb ratio (μ=2.8) can be used for common Pb correction in U–Pb dating of rutile. Oxygen isotope analysis of rutile aliquots gave the consistent δ¹⁸O values of −6.1±0.1%, demonstrating oxygen isotope homogenization in the rutile of different grains as inclusion in garnet and grain in matrix. Oxygen isotope thermometry yields temperatures of 695±35 and 460±15 °C for quartz–garnet and quartz–rutile pairs, respectively. These oxygen isotopic observations suggest that the diffusion of oxygen in rutile as inclusion in garnet is not controlled by garnet. According to field-based thermochronological studies of rutile, an estimate of the T_c of about 460 °C for U–Pb system in rutile under rapid cooling conditions (20 °C/Ma) was advised. Based on this U–Pb age as well as the reported chronological data with their corresponding metamorphic and/or closure temperature, an improved T–t path has been constructed. The T–t path confirms that the UHPM rocks in South Dabie experienced a rapid cooling following the peak metamorphism before 220 Ma and a long isothermal stage from 213 to 180 Ma around 425 °C.     

Geochemical characteristics,cooling history and mineralization significance of Zhangtiantang pluton in South Jiangxi Province,P.R. China

The zircon SHRIMP dating of the Zhangtiantang granite gave an age of 159±7 Ma., which shows that the granite was produced at the early Late Jurassic. The Ar-Ar plateau ages of biotite and K-feldspar from the Zhangtiantang pluton are 153.2±1.1 Ma and 135.8±1.2 Ma, respectively. The Ar-Ar anti-isochrone ages of biotite and K-feldspar are 152.5±1.7Ma and 135.4±2.7Ma, respectively. The ages represent the isotopic closure ages of minerals in the pluton. The Zhangtiantang granites are regarded as peraluminous crust-derived type granites to possess the typical geochemical characteristics of calc-alkaline rocks on continental margin, with enriched Si, K, Al (average value of A/CNK as 1.18), HREE, Rb, U, and Th, heavily depleted V, Cr, Co, Ni, Ti, Nb-Ta, Zr, Sr, P, and Ba, strongly negative Eu and common corundum normative (average value of C as 1.84). The εNd_(t) values of the Zhangtiantang granite are −5.84 to −7.79, and t _2DM values are 1.69 to 1.83 Ga, which indicates partial melting of continental-crust metamorphic sedimentary rocks during the Middle Proterozoic. The cooling history of the Zhangtiantang granitic pluton indicates that the cooling velocity of pluton was faster (about 67°C/Ma) from zircon (158 Ma) to biotite (152 Ma), and was slower (about12°C/Ma) from biotite (152.5 Ma) to K-feldspar (135.8 Ma). It can be deduced that the temporal gap (about 10 Ma) between the granite formmation and W-Sn mineralization in South China may be related to ordinary magma-hydrothermal processes by the variational cooling curve of the pluton. The Zhangtiantang pluton was formed in a compressive setting, with differentiation evolution and mineralization occurring in a relative relaxation setting.     

冀东水厂麻粒岩中辉石的穆斯堡尔谱研究

水厂麻粒岩中辉石的穆斯堡尔效应研究表明，斜方辉石的谱图为两组四极双峰，分别由Ｍ＿１和Ｍ＿２位上的高自旋态Ｆｅ￣（２＋）产生，而单斜辉石则为三组四极双峰，其中两组较强的双峰分别由Ｍ＿１和Ｍ＿２位上的Ｆｅ￣（２＋）产生，第二组弱双峰是由四面体和八面体位置上的Ｆｅ￣（３＋）共同产生的。水厂麻粒岩中辉石的有序程度高，并且斜方辉石有序度大大高于单斜辉石，而单斜辉石Ｍ＿１、Ｍ＿２位置的畸变程度高于斜方辉石。在压力相同的条件下，Ｆｅ￣（２＋）的有序度具有明显地温度效应，高温有利于Ｆｅ￣（２＋）做有序分布。