ASTROD-GW轨道设计

激光天文动力学引力波探测任务ASTROD-GW(ASTROD[AstrodynamicalSpace Test of Relativity Using Optical Devices Optimized for Gravitation WaveDetection)是ASTROD专注于探测引力波的优化方案,其航天器轨道在日地拉格朗日点L_3、L_4、L_5附近,构成一个接近等边的三角形阵列,干涉臂长约为2.6×10~8 km,其可探测的引力波波长可达LISA(Laser Interferometer Space Antenna)的52倍.文中综述ASTROD-GW轨道的设计和优化方法.轨道经优化后,其臂长差(在激光干涉测量中可称为干涉差)10 yr内的变化为10~(-4) AU量级、3个臂长方向的多普勒速度小于4 m/s,均小于LISA的要求,因此LISA发展的激光测距技术可用于ASTROD-GW.     

Downscaling extreme month-long anomalies in southern South America

We investigate the performance of one stretched-grid atmospheric global model, five different regional climate models and a statistical downscaling technique in simulating 3 months (January 1971, November 1986, July 1996) characterized by anomalous climate conditions in the southern La Plata Basin. Models were driven by reanalysis (ERA-40). The analysis has emphasized on the simulation of the precipitation over land and has provided a quantification of the biases of and scatter between the different regional simulations. Most but not all dynamical models underpredict precipitation amounts in south eastern South America during the three periods. Results suggest that models have regime dependence, performing better for some conditions than others. The models’ ensemble and the statistical technique succeed in reproducing the overall observed frequency of daily precipitation for all periods. But most models tend to underestimate the frequency of dry days and overestimate the amount of light rainfall days. The number of events with strong or heavy precipitation tends to be under simulated by the models.     

土壤地球化学测量在扬子地台西缘会泽铅锌矿带筇竹寺组中的应用

在详细的地质工作基础上,在扬子地台西缘会泽铅锌矿带新发现含矿层位筇竹寺组中,采用土壤地球化学测量,同时配合物探,进行1∶5 000的大比例尺找矿工作。通过对研究区土壤地球化学异常浓集区进行找矿工程查证,异常浓集中心与新发现矿体吻合较好,表明土壤地球化学测量在该区找矿效果显著,值得在邻区进一步推广。     

南秦岭香沟—夏家店金成矿带中重晶石的矿物学特征及其找矿意义

陕西山阳县香沟—夏家店金成矿带,是南秦岭地区重要的金多金属成矿带,产出有王家坪金矿、龙头沟金矿、香沟金-钨矿、夏家店金矿等矿床;在金矿的勘查和研究中均发现Ba元素异常或重晶石化是重要的找矿标志之一。本文通过矿床地质资料对比分析,结合龙头沟金矿、香沟金矿和桐树沟金矿重晶石的电子探针测试研究,发现重晶石中具有一定的金、银矿化特征,尤其是桐树沟金矿区内重晶石中显示一定的金异常(w(Au)=0.03%),同时具有Sb、Cu、Mo、Bi元素异常,与矿区金异常化探元素组合特征一致,有同期矿化的特点。重晶石化或Ba元素化探异常与金化探异常叠加部位均已发现金矿体(金矿床)。结合研究区区域磁异常带是构造岩浆活动带的认识,认为重晶石是深部成矿热液反复活动的指征;在山阳县桐树沟金矿—磨房沟金矿一带和商南县青石沟、过凤楼地区还具有发现金矿床的潜力。     

氦罐顶气样品采集及保存有效期实验研究

氦气是一种不可或缺的稀有战略性物资,本文针对土壤氦气资源调查中氦气样品的顶空气采样方法,利用气相色谱仪的热导检测器,以氦气为对象,采用氦气标准气体研究了氦罐顶气的储存容器、保存介质、保存温度及保存期限。结果表明:玻璃材质的罐顶气瓶、饱和食盐水、低温、倒置保存是氦罐顶气样品的最佳保存方法;氦罐顶气在常温下的保存期限约为2个月,在低温冷藏(4℃)条件下的保存期限为3个月。因此,本研究提出氦气的罐顶气采集方法为:在500 mL玻璃气瓶中采集规定深度的新鲜土壤样品,然后注入饱和食盐水,留有约50 mL的空间,再用硅胶塞密封,倒置保存。针对常温和冷藏条件下保存的氦罐顶气应在相应的保存期限内完成检测,可以确保检测数据的准确性。     

矩形截面桩在横向荷载作用下的极限承载力研究

本文根据极限分析法的基本原理，研究了粘土地基中矩形截面桩在横向荷载作用下的极限承载力问题，建立了矩形截面桩的极限承载力计算公式。     

The influence of environmental conditions on weathering of porous rocks by gypsum: a non-destructive study using acoustic emissions

Gypsum is one of the most universally distributed salts in weathered materials but little is known about the influence of environmental conditions on the damage generated by gypsum in stones. To quantify the damage induced by gypsum crystallization acoustic emission techniques are employed to record the elastic energy released during salt crystallization cycles in a limestone. Different environmental conditions have been established during the cooling and drying periods in traditional salt crystallization cycles. During drying two different temperatures (50 and 25 °C) and relative humidity (low, 25 % at 50 °C and 65 % at 25 °C, and high, 99 %) have been applied. The acoustic emission signals are filtered by a frequency analysis in order to eliminate signals corresponding to external noise or artifacts. Our experimental results show that acoustic emission activity is higher under high relative humidity conditions than under low relative humidity conditions, and also higher when drying at 50 °C than at room temperature. Microscopic observations on the weathered samples indicated that under high relative humidity conditions and at room temperature, gypsum crystallizes not on the sample surface, like in the other samples, but deeper in the inner part of the sample, in good agreement with previously published data. We show that using acoustic emissions as usually done in rock mechanics is also very useful in the study of stone decay and weathering processes in the laboratory.