Functional characterization of a novel microbial esterase identified from the Indian Ocean and its use in the stereoselective preparation of (<Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>)-methyl mandelate

Genomic mining has identified a novel microbial alkaline esterase from the Indian Ocean. This esterase was overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and further functionally characterized. Under optimal conditions (10 mmol/L substrate, pH 6.0, 2 h at 40 °C), this esterase can hydrolyze racemic methyl mandelate to (R)-methyl mandelate with very high optical purity (e.e. >99%) and yield (nearly 90%). Interestingly, the stereoselectivity of this esterase is opposite to that of two previously reported lipases that can generate (S)-methyl mandelate through the hydrolysis of racemic methyl mandelate. No organic solvents or other additives were required to optimize the optical purity and production of the final chiral product (R)-methyl mandelate, which can potentially simplify the production procedure of (R)-methyl mandelate catalyzed by esterase.     

景观格局分析空间取样方法及其应用

详细介绍了在关帝山森林景观生态研究中提出的景观格局分析空间取样方法,即统一网格样方取样法和统一网格样点取样法,并介绍了相应的样方数值计算方法。在此基础上,介绍了这两个取样方法在景观空间趋势面分析、景观要素空间关联度分析、景观异质性分析、景观要素空间分布模式检验、景观动态过程模型建立等方面研究中的应用。并阐述了取样方法的有效性及其可能的潜在应用价值。     

淮南矿区谢桥矿A组煤底板灰岩组分结构及水化学特征分析

A组煤(1煤)是矿井延伸开采的主要煤层,受底板承压岩溶水威胁。随着开采深度的增加,A组煤层底板灰岩突水几率也随之逐渐增大。采集谢桥矿A组煤层底板石炭系太原组石灰岩样品及对应层位的太灰水样品,并对不同层石灰岩样品进行显微镜下、X射线衍射(XRD)以及X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析,对水样进行常规离子组分的测试分析,探讨了A组煤石灰岩矿物组成、化学组分及离子含量之间的关系。研究结果表明:太原组C2Ⅰ层和C2Ⅲ层石灰岩孔隙发育,溶蚀能力强,为含水层;C2Ⅱ层石灰岩裂隙不发育,岩溶不发育,为相对隔水层;太灰水中Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、K+含量主要与石灰岩组成、pH值以及阳离子交换作用有关;Cl-含量与沉积水体盐度相一致。将岩石的矿物学特征与地下水化学组成同时进行研究对A组煤开采可行性分析具有重要现实意义。     

Identifying interactions between river water and groundwater in the North China Plain using multiple tracers

Interactions between river water and groundwater have been used to help understand the movement of water and to evaluate water quality in the semi-arid area of the North China Plain (NCP). Stable isotopes, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochemistry were used to study the influence of surface water from the Xiao River on regional groundwater. Using a mass balance approach based on chloride concentrations, hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios, the average fraction of surface water recharging to groundwater was 50–60 %. CFC results indicated that the groundwater recharge age varied from 22.5 to 39.5 years. The vertical flow velocity of groundwater was estimated at about 1.8–3.5 m year^?1. Nitrate concentrations in groundwater varied from 9.42 to 156.62 mg L^?1, and exceeded 50 mg L^?1 in most aquifers shallower than 80 m bordering the Xiao River. The δ ¹⁵N-NO₃ data indicate that the major sources of nitrogen in groundwater are human sewage and animal excreta. Because groundwater is the main source of drinking water, there should be concern about public health related to the elevated nitrate concentrations in the NCP.     

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疫区抑螺防病低效林分改造技术

实施林业血防生态工程是血防综合治理的重要措施之一,具有明显的抑螺防病和生态环境改良效果。根据抑螺防病林的建设要求,阐述了疫区抑螺低效林分改造的内容和主要技术措施,为抑螺防病林的深入研究和巩固林业血防的抑螺成效提供指导。     

论全球导航卫星系统国际委员会的发展

介绍了全球导航卫星系统国际委员会（ICG）的成立背景、组织体系结构、主要议题以及历次会议情况,分析了ICG对于我国北斗导航卫星系统建设及应用等方面的启示。     

太阳风暴对全球导航卫星系统的影响分析

太阳风暴将对北斗卫星导航系统的正常运行产生影响。对即将到来的第24个太阳活动高年期间,北斗系统可能受到的影响进行了分析。电离层延迟误差将使北斗系统用户定位精度进一步降低。电离层闪烁发生更为频繁,对北斗系统性能产生影响,闪烁严重时用户甚至失去定位功能。太阳风暴引起的电离层扰动,如电离层暴,也将对北斗系统性能产生影响。针对北斗系统建设,提出了应采用的应对措施。     

地震波双向照明的概念及计算方法

根据WRW模型理论,从地震波传播的物理过程给出了双向照明的具体概念,基于该概念提出了计算地震波双向照明强度的基本思路(称为DUC双向照明方法).为了有效提高DUC双向照明方法的计算效率,又提出了DUC-DC双向照明方法,并将提出的上述方法与传统的双向照明计算方法从计算精度和计算效率等方面进行了对比.试验结果表明,本文提...