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331.
332.
The level of precision of modern numerical ephemeris of the Solar System necessitates taking into account the gravitational
influence of the largest asteroids on the terrestrial planets. This can be done in a straightforward manner when assuming
that the mass of the asteroid is well known. Nevertheless, this is rarely the case, even for the largest asteroids. In this
paper, we use recent determinations of the masses of Ceres, Pallas, and Vesta to both qualitatively and quantitatively determine
the action of these asteroids on the orbital parameters of the Earth and Mars. This is done by the numerical integration by
comparing the orbital motions of the perturbed planet when adding or not the perturbing asteroid to the classical 9 bodies
problem (the Sun + the eight planets). Some preliminary results are discussed.
Published in Russian in Astronomicheskii Vestnik, 2009, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 83–86.
The text was submitted by the autors in English. 相似文献
333.
334.
Bias Correction for View-limited Lidar Scanning of Rock Outcrops for Structural Characterization 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Matthew J. Lato Mark S. Diederichs D. Jean Hutchinson 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2010,43(5):615-628
Lidar is a remote sensing technology that uses time-of-flight and line-of-sight to calculate the accurate locations of physical
objects in a known space (the known space is in relation to the scanner). The resultant point-cloud data can be used to virtually
identify and measure geomechanical data such as joint set orientations, spacing and roughness. The line-of-sight property
of static Lidar scanners results in occluded (hidden) zones in the point-cloud and significant quantifiable bias when analyzing
the data generated from a single scanning location. While the use of multiple scanning locations and orientations, with merging
of aligned (registered) scans, is recommended, practical limitations often limit setup to a single location or a consistent
orientation with respect to the slope and rock structure. Such setups require correction for measurement bias. Recent advancements
in Lidar scanning and processing technology have facilitated the routine use of Lidar data for geotechnical investigation.
Current developments in static scanning have lead to large datasets and generated the need for automated bias correction methods.
In addition to the traditional bias correction due to outcrop or scanline orientation, this paper presents a methodology for
correction of measurement bias due to the orientation of a discrete discontinuity surface with respect to the line-of-sight
of the Lidar scanner and for occlusion. Bias can be mathematically minimized from the analyzed discontinuity orientation data. 相似文献
335.
336.
Sandeep Kar Jyoti Prakash Maity Jiin-Shuh Jean Chia-Chuan Liu Bibhash Nath Huai-Jen Yang Jochen Bundschuh 《Applied Geochemistry》2010,25(12):1805-1814
Hydrogeochemical characteristics and elemental features of groundwater and core sediments have been studied to better understand the sources and mobilization process responsible for As-enrichment in part of the Gangetic plain (Barasat, West Bengal, India). Analysis of water samples from shallow tubewells (depth 24.3–48.5 m) and piezometer wells (depth 12.2–79.2 m) demonstrate that the groundwater is mostly the Ca-HCO3 type and anoxic in nature (mean EhSHE = 34 mV). Arsenic concentrations ranged from <10–538 μg/L, with high concentrations only present in the shallow to medium depth (30–50 m) of the aquifer along with high Fe (0.07–9.8 mg/L) and relatively low Mn (0.15–3.38 mg/L) as also evidenced in core sediments. Most groundwater samples contained both As(III) and As(V) species in which the concentration of As(III) was generally higher than that of As(V), exhibiting the reducing condition. Results show lower concentrations of NO3, SO4 and NO2 along with higher values of DOC and HCO3, indicating the reducing nature of the aquifer with abundant organic matter that can promote the release of As from sediments into groundwater. Positive correlations of As with Fe and DOC were also observed. The presence of DOC may actively drive the redox processes. This study revealed that reduction processes of FeOOH was the dominant mechanism for the release of As into the groundwater in this part of the Ganges Delta plain. 相似文献
337.
Christian Défarge Pascale Gautret Joachim Reitner Jean Trichet 《Sedimentary Geology》2010,223(3-4):390-391
This is a reply to R.S. Perry and M.A. Sephton's “Reply to comments on defining biominerals and organominerals: direct and indirect indicators of life [Perry et al., Sedimentary Geology, 201, 157–179]” [Sedimentary Geology 213 (2009) 156]. 相似文献
338.
There is a significant relationship between ambient temperature and mortality. In healthy individuals with no underlying co-morbid conditions, there is an efficient heat regulation system which enables the body to effectively handle thermal stress. However, in vulnerable groups, especially in elderly over the age of 65 years, infants and individuals with co-morbid cardiovascular and/or respiratory conditions, there is a deficiency in thermoregulation. When temperatures exceed a certain limit, being cold winter spells or heat waves, there is an increase in the number of deaths. In particular, it has been shown that at temperatures above 27 °C, the daily mortality rate increases more rapidly per degree rise compared to when it drops below 27 °C.This is especially of relevance with the current emergency of global warming. Besides the direct effect of temperature rises on human health, global warming will have a negative impact on primary producers and livestock, leading to malnutrition, which will in turn lead to a myriad of health related issues. This is further exacerbated by environmental pollution.Public health measures that countries should follow should include not only health-related information strategies aiming to reduce the exposure to heat for vulnerable individuals and the community, but improved urban planning and reduction in energy consumption, among many others. This will reduce the carbon footprint and help avert global warming, thus reducing mortality. 相似文献
339.
Terrigenous organic matter (TOM) transfer from a watershed to a lake plays a key role in contaminants fate and greenhouse gazes emission in these aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we linked physiographic and vegetation characteristics of a watershed with TOM nature deposited in lake sediments. TOM was characterized using lignin biomarkers as indicators of TOM sources and state of degradation. Geographical information system (GIS) also allowed us to integrate and describe the landscape morpho-edaphic characteristics of a defined drainage basin. Combining these tools we found a significant and positive relationship (R2 = 0.65, p < 0.002) between mean slope of the watershed and the terrigenous fraction estimated by Λ8 in recent sediments. The mean slope also correlated with the composition of TOM in recent sediments as P/(V + S) and 3,5Bd/V ratios significantly decreased with the steepness of the watersheds (R2 = 0.57, p < 0.021 and R2 = 0.71, p < 0.004, respectively). More precisely, areas with slopes comprised between 4° and 10° have a major influence on TOM inputs to lakes. The vegetation composition of each watershed influenced the composition of recent sediments of the sampled lakes. The increasing presence of angiosperm trees in the watershed influenced the export of TOM to the lake as Λ8 increased significantly with the presence of this type of vegetation (R2 = 0.44, p < 0.019). A similar relationship was also observed with S/V ratios, an indicator of angiosperm sources for TOM. The type of vegetation also greatly influenced the degradation state of OM. In this study, we were able to determine that low-sloped areas (0-2°) act as buffer zones for lignin inputs and by extension for TOM loading to sediments. The relative contribution of TOM from the soil organic horizons also increased in steeper watersheds. This study has significant implications in our understanding of the fate of TOM in lacustrine ecosystems. 相似文献
340.
Rosanna Sordo Antonella Vallenari Rosaria Tantalo France Allard Ronny Blomme Jean-Claud Bouret Ines Brott Yves Fremat Christophe Martayan Yassine Damerdji Bengt Edvardsson Eric Josselin Bertrand Plez Oleg Kochukhov Mary Kontizas Ulisse Munari Tenay Saguner Jean Zorec Andreas Schweitzer Paraskevi Tsalmantza 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2010,328(1-2):331-335
ESA’s Gaia mission will collect low resolution spectroscopy in the optical range for ~109 objects. Complete and up-to-date libraries of synthetic stellar spectra are needed to built algorithms aimed to automatically derive the classification and the parametrization of this huge amount of data. In addition, libraries of stellar spectra are one of the main ingredients of stellar population synthesis models, aiming to derive the properties of unresolved stellar populations from their integrated light. We present (a) the newly computed libraries of synthetic spectra built by the Gaia community, covering the whole optical range (300–1100 nm) at medium-high resolution of (0.3 nm) for stars spanning the most different types, from M to O, from A-peculiar to Emission lines to White Dwarfs, and (b) the implementation of those libraries in our SSP code (Tantalo in The Initial Mass Function 50 Years Later, 327:235 2005), exploring different stellar evolution models. 相似文献