石油钻孔开采对地下水位的影响

本文根据多年地震地下水微动态研究的主要结果,给出了石油开采使含水层底板卸压引起水位下降的基本解释,并应用开采及注水资料计算其影响水位变化的定量结果。     

Practical Exploration of Ecological Restoration and Management of the Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-Lakes-Grasslands System in the Irtysh River Basin in Altay,Xinjiang

The Irtysh River Basin refers to a water conservation area and a vital ecological barrier in Xinjiang and also partially in Central Asia. Here, the technical solution for the ecological protection and the restoration of the Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-Lakes-Grasslands system (MRFFLGs) pilot project in the Irtysh River Basin is refined, by complying with the core concept, i.e., “mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life”. The solution stresses the specific characteristics of ecologically protecting and restoring MRFFLGs in the Irtysh River Basin, which aim to reduce ecological water use, soil erosion, forest and grassland degradation, the ecological destruction of mines, water environment pollution and other issues. With overall protection, system restoration, district policy, and problem orientation as the overarching ideas, 162 sub-items of 44 major items with seven categories have been designed and implemented in the project. In addition, some highlights of the management experience that are worth promoting when the pilot project is being implemented are also summarized (e.g., the use of laws to solve historical problems, scientific argumentation and third-party evaluation, proactive guidance for the engagement of people, modern information technology support, and integration with local sustainable development). Lastly, four policy suggestions are proposed: (1) Building a model of systematic protection and restoration by using basins as the basic geographic unit; (2) Establishing and optimizing key weak links of systems and mechanisms; (3) Focusing on remedying the shortcomings of regional talents, technology and capital; and (4) Promoting the MRFFLGs project to integrate “industry, city, people, and tourism” for carrying out a large-scale system project.     

渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷断裂系统成因的构造解析

本文在对南堡凹陷三维联片地震资料构造解析的基础上,应用先存构造构造条件下的断层作用模式,结合构造物理模拟实验成果,系统分析了南堡凹陷的断裂系统和构造样式。表明,南堡凹陷是典型的斜向伸展构造样式,其中受铲式和（或）坡坪式边界正断层及先存断裂共同控制的复式 “y” 形样式是南堡凹陷基本的构造样式,其次是复式“x”形、“多米诺式”、“阶梯式”和“铲式扇”断块构造样式。平面上划分出为4个断裂系统：北堡－老爷庙断裂系统,高柳断裂系统,柏各庄断裂系统和南堡断裂系统,其中高柳断裂系统和南堡断裂系统进一步分别划分为2个和3个子断裂系统;纵向上划分出下部（E2s3构造层）和上部（E2s1-Q地层）两个断裂系统,E2s2是上下两个断裂系统的过渡层,断层不发育。断层的平面组合形式有4种,分别为：平行状、平行交织状、“梳状”和“帚状”。“两期伸展” 的变形叠加模式可以合理地解释南堡凹陷新生代的构造变形：E2s3期的构造变形在是以中生代形成的先存构造为基础,北西-南东方向伸展作用的结果;E2s1以来的变形是以E2s3期形成的断裂为先存构造,南北向伸展作用的结果;E2s2是应力体制转换的过渡阶段。凹陷边界断层（西南庄断层、柏各庄断层和高柳断层）存在显著的分段性,不同段落断层的走向、性质和活动性、均表现出很大的差异,而且在不同构造演化阶段发生显著的变化。凹陷边界断层及凹陷内的南堡断层、和蛤坨断层组成的构造格架对南堡凹陷断裂系统的形成和演化起重要的控制作用,复杂的先存构造是造成断裂系统横向差异的根本原因。     

Evaluating lake eutrophication with enhanced thematic mapper data in Wuhan

1 INTRODUCTION Increasing eutrophication of lakes in recent years as a result of human impact has become a se- rious environmental problem in China. Many lakes in the Jianghan Plain, South China, for example, especially near major cities, have been eutrop…     

二维哈希算法在地理空间数据批量分幅中的应用

分幅地理空间数据坐标转换后,还需在新坐标系下重新分幅。对于其中的批量数据,在新旧图幅重叠判断时需要大量的检索操作,快速查找算法能够提高查找效率。本文在建立新旧图幅关联关系、确定重叠判断方法和分割要素的文件存储方式后,提出了一种以新图幅中心点坐标为关键字的二维哈希表索引构建和重叠图幅查找的算法;给出了算法设计思路,并以实际案例验证分析了算法的正确性和有效性。与传统方法相比,该算法具有更高的执行效率,是一种较好的替代算法。     

航天遥感多源数据的复合信息及其应用研究--以黄河口为例

阐述了遥感多源信息复合的理论与技术依据,指出TM与SAR影像复合可实现优点的合成,旨在丰富地物的特征信息,提高目标分类精度,特别是有利于对滨海动态的监测与新生地貌体所关联的泥沙输移和海洋动力作用等隐伏信息,并以近期黄河口沙嘴演变的遥感影像作为例证.     

内蒙古土默特旗晚石炭世—早二叠世鳞皮木及鳞木新资料

笔者等对内蒙古土默特旗上石炭统—下二叠统下部的鳞皮木和间鳞鳞木作了研究报道,这两种植物化石在内蒙古系首次发现,尤其是间鳞鳞木叶座各部分结构清晰,以上下叶座间有形成间隔带的鳞片痕为其特征,与其他鳞木不同,考虑作为一个新种予以记载。鳞皮木在国内主要发现于中石炭世,其在内蒙古晚石炭世—早二叠世的发现具重要的意义。     

南沙群岛封闭环礁空间结构演化的遥感复合信息与模型Ⅰ

就南沙群岛封闭环礁发育生长及其区域局限性的特征,与其所表观的遥感信息进行了复合分析.随后,以封闭环礁形成的机制、发育规律与时-空分布,建立了封闭环礁概念化一遥感系统,并以该系统对封闭与准封闭环礁的信息函数值、均衡度值求解,对两类环礁发育形态进行拓扑分析,由此为封闭与准封闭环礁演化的可比性模型提供基础依据.