A preliminary version of a catalog of high-low-mass X-ray binaries

We introduce a catalogue of X-ray binaries. The full catalogue is available at http://astroa.physics.metu.edu.tr/XRBC/. The aim of this catalogue is to provide basic information about X-ray sources and their counterparts. The catalog contains positions, information about distances and counterparts, spectral, photometric and timing properties of the X-ray sources in the X-ray and optical bands, as well as references. The list of references, comments and the catalog as a whole will be periodically updated to include the most up-to-date information about all X-ray binaries and guide users to the recent literature on individual sources. In some cases, there is some doubt about the nature of an X-ray source, which has been noted. The sources are ordered according to right ascension. Here, we present a guide to the organization of the full catalogue. The full catalogue is represented here with an excerpt containing two HMXBs and two LMXBs as examples.     

Electrical properties of montmorillonite studied together with the processes occurring under thermal activation

The results of laboratory experiments on studying the electrical conductivity σ of a clay mineral montmorillonite from different sedimentary mineral deposits of Dagestan in the temperature interval from 100 to 1000°C are presented. The general regularities in the dependence of the electrical conductivity σ of the studied samples on the absolute temperature T are accounted for by the existence of the associated complexes of elementary defects of the crystal lattice. These complexes play important role in a variety of kinetic processes under the conditions of the Earth’s interior, and their existence is demonstrated by the experiments. The activation energy of the electrical conductivity and the preexponential factors are determined for all the temperature zones. The relationship between the pattern of temperature variations in electrical conductivity and the processes of releasing interlayer water and hydroxyls from different energy sites is established. It is concluded that the anomalous change in electrical conductivity in some samples reflects the postsedimentation changes of montmorillonite manifesting themselves by the emergence of a hydromuscovite component.     

X-ray sources in our Galaxy

The distribution of hard and soft X-ray sources in our Galaxy is investigated (excluding Supernova remnants and globular clusters sources), and their physical nature is suggested. Hard X-ray sources are connected with massive binary systems, soft ones are binary systems with massive primary and an initially extremely small mass ratio.     

The parameters of planetary nebulae and their central stars derived from observations

On the basis of data on planetary nebula (PN) central star temperatures obtained by measurements in the ultraviolet (UV) range, the empirical calibration dependence between the number of Lyman photons emitted by a central starS and PN diameterD, is constructed. The temperatures of 118 PN central stars are estimated with this dependence. It is shown that the central star masses are distributed in a wide interval from 0.5 to 1.2M . About 60% of all stars have masses <0.6M , about 25% have masses >0.6M and the remainder have masses 0.6M . The averaged empirical tracks of evolution of low-mass (<0.6M ) and massive (>0.6M ) central stars differing considerably from each other are constructed. It is shown that the majority of central stars may possess hot chromospheres (T>2×10⁵ K) which spread for several tens of radii of the central star. The PN originates as a result of ionization of the matter ejected by a red giant at the superwind stage. The cause for this ionization is the UV radiation of the PN central star.     

On the lifetime of bright X-ray sources

The lifetime of massive X-ray binaries is (2–5)×10⁵ yr, this time close to the nuclear one. The lifetime of nonmassive X-ray binaries close to thermal one, (0.5–1)×10⁷ yr. Massive systems may be conserved at supernova explosion, the probability of the conservation of nonmassive system is (1–3)×10^–3.