南黄海暖流水的温、盐度分布特征

在南黄海的东南部，有一支较强的高温、高盐水入侵，这一水体通常称为黄海暖流，也有人称之为南黄海高盐水。从环流和水团的结构来看，这一水体来源于济州岛东南的对马暖流，我们则称之为南黄海暖流水。本文试图从水团分析角度研究这一水体的温、盐度分布基本特征。 南黄海暖流水自对马暖流分出后，沿西北方向侵入南黄海，对黄海、渤海、东海的海洋环境有着重大的影响。也更因其高温特征，携带大量热量，对我国沿海地区和朝鲜半岛的气候也有一定的影响。所以，它很早就引起了国内外海洋学界的重视。我国曾于六十年代初期对黄海暖流作过研究，但研究海区仅局限于124°E以西海域。 本文引用的海洋观测资料包括中国和南朝鲜在1976-1979年间在南黄海及其东部邻近海区的(双月)调查资料(共计141个测站)。研究海区向东扩至128°E 。     

东海北部陆架区底层冷水的初步分析

在东海北部陆架上,济州岛西南,大致以32°00′N,126°00′E海区为中心,自跃层所在深度到海底,夏季有一个较冷水体存在,本文称之为“东海北部底层冷水”(简称北部底层水)。国内外海洋学者,特別是日本学者曾对东海陆架上的冷水作过研究。如日本海洋学者佐原勉认为,东海陆架上的冷水来源于大陆沿岸;深濑茂则将济州岛西南的冷水命名为中部底层水,并确定了它的温、盐度指标,讨论了它的来源。本文在前人工作的基础上,根据我国1976-1977年标准断面资料,以及日本气象厅1963-1975年调查资料,对北部底层水的变化及其成因进行初步的分析。     

BP网络学习参数模糊自适应算法的实现

前馈神经网络BP算法的改进方案中,对网络训练(学习)过程中学习率和惯性系数进行模糊自适应调节,以提高收敛速度,是一项很有效的措施。文中具体分析了如何根据设计者的先验知识确定模糊规则和隶属函数,并以三比特异或函数(或称奇偶分类)的实现为例,验证了这种算法的改进、加速了BP网络的学习过程。     

城镇体系规划的理论与方法初探

本文主要阐述现代城镇体系规划的理论和方法问题.包括城镇体系规划的概念与目标;城镇体系发展机制——集聚与辐射;城镇体系规划基本观点——经济观与环境观、基本内容——结构与网络和程序——步骤与流程等.并认为,城镇体系规划是以现代系统理论和城市-区域理论为基础,运用行为分析、空间组织和计量分析等方法形成的新的规划学分支.     

Modelling the upwelling offthe east Hainan Island coast in summer 2010

A synoptic-scale upwelling event that developed off the east coast of the Hainan Island(EHIU) in the summer of 2010 is defi ned well via processing the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) sea surface temperature(SST) data. The Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) with high spatial resolution has been used to investigate this upwelling event. By comparing the ROMS results against tide station data, Argo fl oat profi les and MODIS SST, it is confi rmed that the ROMS reproduces the EHIU well. The cooler-water core(CWC) distinguished by waters(27) 27.5°C in the EHIU, which occurred in the east Qiongzhou Strait mouth area and was bounded by a high temperature gradient, was the focus of this paper. Vertical structure of the CWC suggests that interaction between the westward fl ow and the bathymetry slope played a signifi cant role in the formation of CWC. Numerical experiments indicated that the westward fl ow in the Qiongzhou Strait was the result of tidal rectifi cation over variable topography(Shi et al., 2002), thus tides played a critical role on the development of the CWC. The negative wind stress curl that dominated the east Qiongzhou Strait mouth area suppressed the intensity of the CWC by 0.2–0.4°C. Further, nonlinear interaction between tidal currents and wind stress enhanced vertical mixing greatly, which would benefi t the development of the CWC.     

浙江诸暨地区陈蔡群主要地质特征及其构造演化探讨

陈蔡群原岩的主体形成于大洋岛弧环境，由拉斑玄武岩和同源辉长岩，碳酸盐岩和浊流沉积的泥砂质碎屑岩组成；经受了中压角闪岩相区域动力—热流变质作用和多期褶皱变形；岩石地球化学和同位素年代资料表明，中国东南的威尔逊旋回在中元古晚期便已开始，即那时于扬子古陆与华夏地块之间存在一大洋盆地，洋壳上可能存在拉张期残留的花岗质陆壳碎块。中元古晚期开始了洋壳消减作用及其有关的火山—沉积作用，新元古晚期陈蔡大洋岛弧地体与双溪坞陆弧地体拼贴、碰撞，壳体间的聚合作用触发了陈蔡群岩石的变质、变形。     

辽宁省生态足迹地理分布及其可持续发展分析

This paper presents the detailed results and analyses on the ecological footprints and bio-capacities of the individual cities and the province as a whole for the year 2001, providing a clear picture of sustainability for the province. Results show that the ecological footprints of most cities in Liaoning exceeded their respective bio-capacities, incurring high ecological deficits. The ecological deficit of the province as a whole was 1.31 ha/cap. Those cities with resources extraction and/or primary material-making as their major industries constitute the “ecologically black band“, whose ecological deficits ranged from 2.45 to 5.23 ha/cap, the highest of all cities in the province. Fossil energy consumption was the major source of footprint amounting to 1.63 ha/cap at the provincial level,taking up 67.3% of the total. For cropland, modest ecological surpluses occurred in Jinzhou, Tiding,Huludao, and Panjin while modest ecological deficits in Dalian, Benxi, Fushun, and Dandong, resulting in an overall surplus for the province. Liaoning had a certain level of surplus in fishing ground (water area), mainly distributed in the coastal cities of Dalian, Panjin, Huludao, Yingkou, Jinzhou, and Dandong. Most cities had a small ecological deficit in pasture and all had a small ecological surplus in forest. The eco-efficiency, expressed as GDP value per hectare of footprint, exhibits high variations among the cities, with the highest (Shenyang) more than 10 times the lowest (Fuxin). Cities with manufacture, high-tech, and better developed service industries had high eco-efficiency, while those with resources extraction, primary material-making, and less developed service industries had low eco-efficiency. Based on the components and geographical distribution of ecological footprint, strategic policy implications are outlined for Liaoning‘s development toward a sustainable future.     

几种食用贝类淀粉酶活性的初步研究

本研究对10种常见食用贝类成体的淀粉酶在不同pH值、不同温度条件下进行了活性测定。结果表明,其总体消化器官淀粉酶的最适温度为:青蛤(Cyclina sinensis),33℃;缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta),32℃;文蛤(Meretrix meretrix),43℃;等边浅蛤(Gomphina veneriformis),35℃;菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum),34℃;泥螺(Bullacta exarata),40℃;彩虹明樱蛤(Moerella iridescens),37℃;微黄镰玉螺(Lunatica gilva),43℃;锈凹螺(Chlorostoma rusticum),43℃;疣荔枝螺(Thais clavigera),43℃;淀粉酶的最适pH值范围为4.6-4,9,不同贝类稍有不同;同一种类中肝脏淀粉酶的活性大于肠淀粉酶的活性。     

6000m深海拖曳系统动力响应计算

本文数值计算了６０００ｍ深海单拖体和双拖体拖曳系统的动态响应，特别是研究了拖船的垂荡运动对拖体定高性的影响。对于双拖体系统，本文对第二拖体在水中的重量、联接两拖体的缆索长度及其在水中重量等因素对第二拖体定高性的影响进行了详细的计算、分析。计算表明，采用双拖体系统可大大提高系统的定高性。