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461.
Brent B. Wolfe Matthew D. Falcone Ken P. Clogg-Wright Cherie L. Mongeon Yi Yi Bronwyn E. Brock Natalie A. St. Amour William A. Mark Thomas W. D. Edwards 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2007,37(2):221-231
Recent advances in sample preparation techniques and mass spectrometry have fostered more routine oxygen isotope analysis
of aquatic cellulose in lake sediment cores, a proxy for lake water oxygen isotope history. These methodological developments
have significantly increased the feasibility of incorporating this approach into high-resolution, multi-site, and multi-proxy
studies, which are frequently necessary to answer complex hydrological, hydroecological and hydroclimatic questions requiring
a paleoenvironmental perspective. Direct translation of lake sediment aquatic cellulose oxygen isotope composition into lake
water oxygen isotope composition offers appreciable opportunity for quantitative paleohydrological reconstructions, as evidenced
by studies conducted over the past 15 years that span Holocene and pre-historical timescales. 相似文献
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463.
In Europe the Chalk constitutes a major source of potable water supply. Its outcrop forms extensive tracts of agricultural
land, where the groundwater resources largely originate as infiltrating excess rainfall. Research on the unsaturated zone
of the aquifer beneath such cultivated land should allow an assessment of nutrient leaching losses from the associated highly
permeable soils and the prediction of future groundwater quality trends. Pore-water profiles for nitrate and numerous other
constituents from a site of exceptionally detailed study are presented and compared to results from sites elsewhere in eastern
England to demonstrate the impact of modern arable agriculture. Environmental isotopes have also been investigated in depth
to aid the study. The problems in evaluating the evolution of the unsaturated zone profiles are discussed.
Presented at the International Symposium, International Association of Hydrogeologists, “Impact of Agricultural Activities
on Ground Water Quality and Quantity,” Prague, Czechoslovakia, September, 1982. 相似文献
464.
It is shown that the annealing kinetics of fission tracks in apatite can be described by a sum of exponential decay functions. From an analysis of the temperature dependence of this annealing law it is concluded that the etchability of fission tracks is due to extended defects, i.e. systems of dislocation loops. The multiexponential annealing law is also applied to prove that the plateau correction method is basically correct, but rather as a method for determining a lower limit than the “true” fission track age. 相似文献
465.
Coal pebbles found in 1994 in the Greham Bell Island (Franz Josef Land Archipelago) are made up of the Barzas-type cuticular liptobiolith. The coal belongs to the initial stage of catagenesis and is characterized by high content of cutinite (up to 70%) with very low reflectance (Ro= 0.1%). Maceration products show some tegillate elements of Arthropodaand individual Devonian spores. It is supposed that plant cuticle and Arthropoda exocuticle are present in this coal. The obtained data suggest the presence of Paleozoic rocks in the sedimentary sequence, although they are not yet recovered. These data complement the available information on the distribution of specific Devonian coals and allow us to have a new insight into the zoogenic material involved in the coal formation. 相似文献
466.
A geochemically and mineralogically diverse group of granitoids is present within an area of 900 km2 in the southern Snake Range of eastern Nevada. The granitoids exposed range in age from Jurassic through Cretaceous to Oligocene and include two calcic intrusions, two different types of two-mica granites, and aplites. The younger intrusions appear to have been emplaced at progressively more shallow depths. All of these granitoid types are represented elsewhere in the eastern Great Basin, but the southern Snake Range is distinguished by the grouping of all these types within a relatively small area. The Jurassic calcic pluton of the Snake Creek-Williams Canyon area displays large and systematic chemical and mineralogical zonation over a horizontal distance of five km. Although major element variations in the pluton compare closely with Daly's average andesite-dacite-rhyolite over an SiO2 range of 63 to 76 percent, trace element (Rb, Sr, Ba) variations show that the zonation is the result of in situ fractional crystallization, with the formation of relatively mafic cumulates on at least one wall of the magma chamber. Models of trace element and isotopic data indicate that relatively little assimilation took place at the level of crystallization. Nonetheless, an initial 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.7071 and δ 18O values of 10.2 to 12.2 permil suggest a lower crustal magma that was contaminated by upper crustal clastic sedimentary rocks before crystallization. The involvement of mantle-derived magmas in its genesis is difficult to rule out. Two other Jurassic plutons show isotopic and chemical similarities to the Snake Creek-Williams Canyon pluton. Cretaceous granites from eastern Nevada that contain phenocrystic muscovite are strongly peraluminous, and have high initial Sr-isotope ratios and other features characteristic of S-type granitoids. They were probably derived from Proterozoic metasediments and granite gneisses that comprise the middle crust of this region. Another group of granitoids (including the Tertiary aplites) show chemical, mineralogic, and isotopic characteristics intermediate between the first two groups and may have been derived by contamination of magmas from the lower crust by the midcrustal metasediments. 相似文献
467.
Rocket-borne observations of the extinction of solar hydrogen Lyman-alpha radiation made during the solar eclipses of 20 May 1966 at Karistos for normal and 44% visibility and of 7 March 1970 at East Quoddy for normal, 10% and 0.6% visibility have been used to study the variation of temperature in the mesosphere during these events. It is seen that near the mesopause the decrease of temperature at Karistos is by 20° K for 44% visibility and at East Quoddy by 100° K for 0.6% visibility. Possible causes of these temperature variationsvis-a-vis molecular oxygen and pressure variations have been briefly discussed. 相似文献
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