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131.
Published in Astrofizika, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 677–680, October–December, 1995. 相似文献
132.
This paper presents a method that incorporates a non‐associated flow rule into the limit analysis to investigate the influence of the dilatancy angle on the factor of safety for the slope stability analysis. The proposed method retain's the advantage of the upper bound method, which is simple and has no stress involvement in the calculation of the energy dissipation and the factor of safety. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
133.
The Etna volcano is located in an apparently anomalous position on the hinge zone of the Apennines subduction and its Na-alkaline geochemistry does not favour a magma source from the deep slab as indicated for the Aeolian K-alkaline magmatism. The steeper dip of the regional foreland monocline at the front of the Apennines in the Ionian Sea than in Sicily, implies a larger rollback of the subduction hinge in the Ionian Sea. Moreover, the lengthening of the Apennines arc needs extension parallel to the arc. Therefore, the larger southeastward subduction rollback of the Ionian lithosphere with respect to the Hyblean plateau in Sicily, should kinematically produce right-lateral transtension and a sort of vertical 'slab window' which might explain (i) the Plio-Pleistocene alkaline magmatism of eastern Sicily (e.g. the Etna volcano) and (ii) the late Pliocene to present right lateral transtensional tectonics and seismicity of eastern Sicily. The area of transfer of different dip and rollback occurs along the inherited Mesozoic passive continental margin between Sicily and the oceanic Ionian Sea, i.e. the Malta escarpment. 相似文献
134.
Historical Changes in the Flood Hazard at Khartoum, Sudan: Lessons and Warnings for the Future 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The 1988 floods at Khartoum were frequently described as "unprecedented". However, an examination of evidence for floods caused by the Nile and rain storms during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries leads to the conclusion that neither the Nile flood nor the rain storms nor their coincidence in one season were unprecedented and that similar situations will recur.We argue that most problems were created by complacency, lack of planning and mismanagement. We conclude with some simple suggestions for flood amelioration in the future and warn that complacency is the single most important phenomenon likely to recur to the detriment of Greater Khartoum in the future. 相似文献
135.
The Middle Jurassic Kirkpatrick flood basalts and comagmatic Ferrar intrusions in the Transantarctic Mountains represent
a major pulse of tholeiitic magmatism related to early stages in the breakup of Gondwana. A record of the volcano-tectonic
events leading to formation of this continental flood-basalt province is provided by strata underlying and only slightly predating
the Kirkpatrick lavas. In the central Transantarctic Mountains, the lavas rest on widespread (≥7500 km2) tholeiitic pyroclastic deposits of the Prebble Formation. The Prebble Formation is dominated by lahar deposits and is an
unusual example of a regionally developed basaltic lahar field. Related, partly fault-controlled pyroclastic intrusions cut
underlying strata, and vents are represented by the preserved flanks of two small tephra cones associated with a volcanic
neck. Lahar and air-fall deposits typically contain 50–60% accidental lithic fragments and sand grains derived from underlying
Triassic – Lower Jurassic strata in the upper part of the Beacon Supergroup. Juvenile basaltic ash and fine lapilli consist
of nonvesicular to scoriaceous tachylite, sideromelane, and palagonite, and have characteristics indicating derivation from
hydrovolcanic eruptions. The abundance of accidental debris from underlying Beacon strata points to explosive phreatomagmatic
interaction of basaltic magma with wet sediment and groundwater, which appears to have occurred in particular where rising
magma intersected upper Beacon sand aquifers. Composite clasts in the lahar deposits exhibit complex peperitic textures formed
during fine-scale intermixing of basaltic magma with wet sand and record steps in subsurface fuel-coolant interactions leading
to explosive eruption.
The widespread, sustained phreatomagmatic activity is inferred to have occurred in a groundwater-rich topographic basin linked
to an evolving Jurassic rift zone in the Transantarctic Mountains. Coeval basaltic phreatomagmatic deposits of the Mawson
and Exposure Hill Formations, which underlie exposures of the Kirkpatrick Basalt up to 1500 km to the north along strike in
Victoria Land, appear to represent other parts of a regional, extension-related Middle Jurassic phreatomagmatic province which
developed immediately prior to rapid outpouring of the flood basalts. This is consistent with models which assign an important
role to lithospheric stretching in the generation of flood-basalt provinces.
Received: 28 August 1995 / Accepted: 18 April 1996 相似文献
136.
H. -U. Zimmermann 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,228(1-2):331-347
Results from ROSAT observations of recent supernova events are discussed in the light of a model, where the soft X-rays originate in the shock interaction of the expanding supernova ejecta with the circumstellar material, left from heavy mass loss of the progenitor object. Special attention is given to the observations of SN1993J in M81, where lightcurves and spectral measurements allow a more detailed analysis and comparison to numerical model calculations. 相似文献
137.
B. D. F. Methley 《The Photogrammetric Record》1994,14(83):793-803
A case is made for the development of an inexpensive and portable data capturing unit which could be used with existing mirror stereoscopes and which could provide an accuracy sufficient for most digital map databases. The results of simulation experiments to test the accuracy of the system are presented. 相似文献
138.
We have studied the influence of the magnetic helicity on solar particle propagation using the IMF data observed by the HELIOS spacecraft in the range 0.31–0.95 AU, during eight solar proton events. For this, we have derived power and helicity spectra of the turbulence of the magnetic field during the time of the events. These are used to compute the particle pitch-angle scattering coefficients according to the quasi-linear theory (QLT) treatment of particle propagation in turbulent magnetic fields. The results show that in all the cases the helicity effects are negligible and the particle's mean free paths deduced from the pitch-angle diffusion coefficients are the same regardless of whether or not helicity effects are included in the calculations. The computed mean free paths are quite different in each case.Deceased 10 April, 1995. 相似文献
139.
The testing of a synthetic aperture technique, the ETAM algorithm, is extended and its performance for CW pseudorandom signals and broadband ship noise is examined. The results show the limitations of the technique and are of special interest for operational systems development. In the CW experiments, the transmitted signal was generated with high temporal coherence, and loss of the spatial and temporal coherence of the received signal was introduced only by the medium and the stability of the towed array. In the experiments that included the pseudorandom signal and the ship noise, the temporal coherence of the transmitted signals was deliberately chosen to be poor in order to study the effects and the performance of this algorithm with broadband signals. The related experimental results show that for received signals, which have their segments over the synthesizing period highly cross-correlated, a synthetic aperture array gain was achieved that corresponds to the length of an equivalent fully populated array 相似文献
140.