南海东北部台风潮的数值后报及极值增水估计

本研究对近40年来影响南海东北部陆架海区的28次台风引起的风暴潮进行了数值后报,其中8个过程的沿岸后报增水值与实测值进行了比较,表明后报值与实测值符合良好,90%以上的最大增水值偏差在30厘米以下。为了得出本海区多年一遇的台风增水极值,在后报台风路径密集处选择了9个不同水深点,对每点取出各次台风下的最大增水值,然后用Weibull分布进行拟合,得出了各点的极值分布。     

深层搅拌法在超软弱港口地基上的工程应用

某港口堆场地基上部5．0m系吹填而成，地表下18m范围均属软土，经真空预压初级加固后地基承载力仅在80—90kPa，局部区域上部淤泥土层土性指标较差，含水量大于50％，地基承载力不足60kPa。为了使地基达到230kPa的承载要求，设计采用深层搅拌法加固超软弱地基。通过现场成桩工艺试验和检测表明，桩身水泥土强度在90d龄期时大于1．80MPa，单桩承载力标准值大于150kN，以φ600桩径、桩长13．5m、置换率为0．308和φ500桩径、桩长13．5m、置换率为0．267两种方案布置的复合地基承载力标准值均超过了230kPa的设计要求。试验结果表明，深层搅拌法在港口超软弱地基土应用只要施工工艺适当，完全可以使地基承载力提高2—3．5倍以土，从而节省大量的工程投资。     

耗散源函数及LAGFD-WAM海浪数值模式的改进

本文是在LAGFD-WAM海浪模式方法基础上,根据破碎波统计理论给出了LAGFD耗散源函数形式。同时对LAGFD-WAM模式进行了改进并与WAM模式作了三种典型风场下的对比实验和实测结果检验,取得了较好的结果。     

GPS单频精密单点定位方法与实践

讨论了单频精密单点定位的解算方法与思路,编写了单频精密动态单点定位的程序,实现了事后动态单频精密单点定位.     

广西崇左三合巨猿大洞早更新世小哺乳动物群

最近在广西崇左三合大洞发现了步氏巨猿和似人似猿共生的新层位,与之伴生的有52种小哺乳动物,占三合大洞巨猿动物群总数的62%,其中苏门答腊兔（Nesolagus）是东南亚地区首次发现的化石。小哺乳动物群以南方早更新世常见的偏皮氏毛耳飞鼠（Belomys parapearsoni）、中间猪尾鼠（Typhlomys intermedius）、拟低冠竹鼠（Rhizomys brachyrhizomyoides）、硕豪猪（Hystrix magna）、先社鼠（Niviventer preconfucianus）、拟爱氏巨鼠（Leopoldamysedwardioidesi）等为代表,根据小哺乳动物群性质和与其他动物群对比以及磁性地层年代测定,表明其时代应是早更新世中期（约距今120¹60万年前）。该动物群由树鼩、扁颅蝠、小彩蝠、飞松鼠、笔尾树鼠、猪尾鼠等几乎是旧大陆热带-亚热带森林型动物组成,缺少北方类型,基本上属于热带森林动物群,这表明了当时的自然景观为温暖湿润的热带雨林环境。三合大洞小哺乳动物群是广西地区的首次发现,对华南早更新世巨猿动物群详细划分,探讨步氏巨猿演化和早期人类环境背景等目前科学界关注的问题具有重要的意义。     

<Superscript>40</Superscript>Ar-<Superscript>39</Superscript>Ar dating of lamprophyre dykes in the Baimazhai nickel deposit,Yunnan Province,China, and its geological significance

The Baimazhai nickel deposit, Yunnan Province, China, is located in the southern part of the Sanjiang （Tri-river） alkali-rich intrusive rock belt （Sanjiang ARIR）. In this paper was conducted ^40Ar-^39Ar dating of two phlogopites in lamprophyres which are, as dikes, widely distributed in the orefield, and two plateau ages were acquired, i.e., 32.46±0.62 Ma and 32.01±0.60 Ma, respectively （averaging 32.23±0.60 Ma）. The ages are obviously younger than those of the ore-hosted complex and mineralization of the Baimazhai nickel deposit. In combination with the characteristics, it is indicated that lamprophyres in the orefield and those in the Sanjiang ARIR are similar in tectonic setting, mineral assemblage and geochemistry. It is considered that lamprophyres in the orefield are the important component of the Sanjiang ARIR, and the lamprophyres and ore-hosted complex in the orefield represent the products of two times of different magmatic activity from different mantle sources. On the other hand, the age of lamprophyres in the orefield is older than that of the strike-slip shearing of the Ailaoshan-Honghe fault belt, suggesting that the strike-slip shearing of the Ailaoshan-Honghe fault belt is not the factor leading to magmatic activity of lamprophyres in the orefield, while it is more possible that magmatic activity of the Sanjiang ARIR promoted strike-slip shearing of the fault belt.     

The ionospheric eclipse factor method (IEFM) and its application to determining the ionospheric delay for GPS

A new method for modeling the ionospheric delay using global positioning system (GPS) data is proposed, called the ionospheric eclipse factor method (IEFM). It is based on establishing a concept referred to as the ionospheric eclipse factor (IEF) λ of the ionospheric pierce point (IPP) and the IEF’s influence factor (IFF) . The IEF can be used to make a relatively precise distinction between ionospheric daytime and nighttime, whereas the IFF is advantageous for describing the IEF’s variations with day, month, season and year, associated with seasonal variations of total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere. By combining λ and with the local time t of IPP, the IEFM has the ability to precisely distinguish between ionospheric daytime and nighttime, as well as efficiently combine them during different seasons or months over a year at the IPP. The IEFM-based ionospheric delay estimates are validated by combining an absolute positioning mode with several ionospheric delay correction models or algorithms, using GPS data at an international Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) service (IGS) station (WTZR). Our results indicate that the IEFM may further improve ionospheric delay modeling using GPS data.     

基于SVM的多源遥感影像面向对象建筑物提取方法

在分析支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)分类技术和机载激光雷达(LIDAR)数据、航空影像特征的基础上,提出了基于SVM的LIDAR数据和航空影像的面向对象建筑物提取方法。结果表明,该方法充分利用了多源影像的互补信息,能够得到更高的信息提取精度,准确而快速地更新地理空间数据库,是一种有效的面向对象建筑物提取方法。     

云南潞西大矿山铅锌矿

矿体产于花岗岩以上断层附近大理岩中,大理岩与花岗岩接触部位是主要的矿化部位,在大矿山、小石林、灰窑等地见有强褐铁矿化、弱铅锌矿化的厚大矿化层。通过勘查工作,认为矿区具有寻找中-大型规模矿山的前景。     

珲春中部土壤常量元素地球化学特征

采用XRF-X荧光光谱法,研究了吉林省珲春中部常量元素在表层土壤中的含量以及在土壤剖面中的迁移分布等土壤地球化学特征.结果表明:表层土壤中MgO(0.85%)、CaO(0.95%)的含量平均值低于全国土壤平均值(分别为1.8%和3.2%),Fe2O3(3.41%)、K2O(2.61%)、Al2O3(13.33%)、SiO2(69.25%)含量平均值与全国平均值基本相当(分别为3.40%,2.50%,12.60%和65.00%),Na2O(1.83%)含量平均值高于全国平均值(1.60%).暗棕壤和白浆土两种类型土壤剖面常量元素组成差别不大,在垂向上呈现出不同的规律性.Sa、Saf和ba指标反映出暗棕壤土壤的风化淋溶度略强于白浆土,在剖面不同层次上,随土壤深度的增加,Sa和Saf呈现下降的趋势,而表层土壤的ba值比深层土壤高.