Rapid change in early Holocene environments inferred from Lake Pupuke,Auckland City,New Zealand

Sediment cores from Lake Pupuke in Auckland City, New Zealand, contain a high‐resolution millennial to centennial‐scale record of changing climate and catchment hydrology spanning the past ca. 10 000 years. Here, we focus on the period between 9500 ± 25 and 7000 ± 155 cal. yr BP during which grain size, diatom palaeoecology, biogenic silica concentrations, sediment elemental and carbon isotope geochemistry reflect changes in sediment sources and lake conditions, with a significant event commencing at ca. 8240 cal. yr BP, commensurate with a lowering of lake level, faster erosion rates and increased sediment influx with a duration of ca. 360 yrs. However, the changes in the lake are not reflected in the terrestrial vegetation, where the pollen record indicates that podocarp forest dominated the Auckland region, with apparent environmental stability during this part of the early Holocene. The synchronous change in most of the proxies between ca. 8240 and 7880 cal. yr BP at Lake Pupuke indicates the presence of a sustained episode of relatively low lake level and concomitant increased rate of erosion in the early Holocene that appears to be at least partly coeval with the 8200 cal. yr BP meltwater event proposed for the North Atlantic region. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Correlations among color,morphology, and luminosity for the luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample of the SDSS data release 5

We have investigated the correlations among color, morphology and luminosity for all LRGs, cut I LRGs, cut II LRGs, and Main galaxies that are also classified as LRGs. It is found that the morphology of LRGs is tightly correlated with luminosity. The rest-frame u-g color of cut I LRGs and cut II LRGs is nearly independent of luminosity, but the color of Main galaxies is correlated with luminosity. For cut I LRGs and Main galaxies, the early type proportion apparently changes with color: at the rest-frame u-g < 1.3 it increases strongly with increasing color, while at the rest-frame u-g > 1.3 it decreases with increasing color. We also notice that the morphology of cut II LRGs is only a weak function of color. Published in Astrofizika, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 335–345 (August 2007).     

A Statistical Study of Rapid Sunspot Structure Change Associated with Flares

We reported recently some rapid changes of sunspot structure in white-light(WL) associated with major flares.We extend the study to smaller events and present here results of a statistical study of this phenomenon.In total,we investigate 403 events from 1998 May 9 to 2004 July 17,including 40 X-class,174 M-class,and 189 C-class flares.By monitoring the structure of the flaring active regions using the WL observations from the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer(TRACE),we find that segments in the outer sunspot structure decayed rapidly right after many flares;and that,on the other hand,the central part of sunspots near the flare-associated magnetic neutral line became darkened.These rapid and permanent changes are evidenced in the time profiles of WL mean intensity and are not likely resulted from the flare emissions.Our study further shows that the outer sunspot structure decay as well as the central structure darkening are more likely to be detected in larger solar flares.For X-class flares,over 40% events show distinct sunspot structure change.For M-and C-class flares,this percentage drops to 17% and 10%,respectively.The results of this statistical study support our previously proposed reconnection picture,i.e.,the flare-related magnetic fields evolve from a highly inclined to a more vertical configuration.     

CHARACTERISTICS OF ZONAL ANOMALY OF ANNUAL PRECIPITATION IN THE NORTHEASTERN CHINA

The characteristics of zonal anomaly and change rule of temporal distribution of annual precipitation in the northeastern China are revealed in this paper with EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) and REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function) methods and results are drawn in the standard relief maps with GIS technology for practical application. Data used in the study were obtained from 208 meteorological stations over the northeastern China from 1961 to 2001. EOF results show that the first 3 loading vectors could give entire spatial anomaly structure of annual precipitation. In the Northeast Plain including the Songneng Plain and the Liaohe Plain, there is a regional compatibility (whether wet or dry) of annual precipitation change and this precipitation pattern has occurred since the late 1980s to the present. There also exist annual precipitation patterns of wet (or dry) in south and dry (or wet) in north and wet (or dry) in east and dry (or wet) in west. REOF results display 8 principal precipitation anomaly areas by the first 8 rotated loading vectors: the west plain, the Liaodong hills, the Sanjiang Plain, the Liaoxi hills,the Changbai Mountains, the Hulun Buir Plateau, the southwest plateau and the Liaodong Peninsula.     

数字抽取滤波器的DSP优化设计

为了降低地震数据采集系统的成本和功耗，采用数字信号处理器（DSP）实现∑-△模数转换器中的数字抽取滤波器算法。通过采取查表法、倒序循环遍历法以及模拟循环寻址法等优化方法，以较低工作频率实现了四通道四级抽取滤波运算，达到了系统设计的要求。     

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Molecular cloning of the heat shock protein 20 gene from Paphia textile and its expression in response to heat shock

P. textile is an important aquaculture species in China and is mainly distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi Provinces. In this study, an HSP20 c DNA designated Pt HSP20 was cloned from P. textile. The full-length c DNA of Pt HSP20 is 1 090 bp long and contains a 5′ untranslated region(UTR) of 93 bp, a 3′ UTR of 475 bp, and an open reading frame(ORF) of 522 bp. The Pt HSP20 c DNA encodes 173 amino acid residues and has a molecular mass of 20.22 k Da and an isoelectric point of 6.2. Its predicted amino acid sequence shows that Pt HSP20 contains a typical α-crystallin domain(residues 77–171) and three polyadenylation signal-sequences at the C-terminus. According to an amino acid sequence alignment, Pt HSP20 shows moderate homology to other mollusk s HSPs. Pt HSP20 m RNA was present in all of the test tissues including the heart, digestive gland, adductor muscle, gonad, gill, and mantle, with the highest concentration found in the gonad. Under the stress of high temperature, the expression of Pt HSP20 m RNA was down-regulated in all of the tissues except the adductor muscle and gonad.     

变质相平衡在研究深熔岩石中的应用

下地壳岩石的深熔作用不仅与麻粒岩和花岗岩的形成具有紧密关联,而且在某些构造环境下会对地球动力学演化过程造成影响,因此,对深熔岩石的变质P-T条件的准确估算及对其熔融机制的限定具有重要意义。基于内洽性热力学数据库、THERMOCALC/Perple＿X等程序以及适当的固溶体活度模型,变质相平衡模拟已逐渐成为变质岩石学的常规研究方法,广泛应用于推断天然岩石的矿物共生序列、估算岩石的变质P-T条件等。不仅如此,如果有适当的熔体活度模型,变质相平衡模拟还能估算深熔岩石的熔融温度、压力及熔体比例,以及限定其涉及的熔融反应,并计算熔体、转熔矿物及残余矿物的成分等。针对不同成分岩石,包括花岗质岩石、变泥质岩、变基性岩及橄榄岩在不同压力下产生的熔体,前人陆续提出了对应的活度模型,并且其有效性得到了相关实验数据的验证。随着近年来熔体活度模型的不断更新和完善,变质相平衡模拟有望成为研究自然界深熔岩石的常规方法,为相关的麻粒岩和花岗岩成因研究、相关地球动力学演化研究提供新的思路。     

云南羊拉铜矿矽卡岩形成时代与矿床成因：来自石榴子石和磁铁矿组分的约束

羊拉铜矿是金沙江缝合带中部已发现的规模最大的印支期铜矿床,矿体以层状—似层状产出于花岗闪长岩外围、变质砂岩与碳酸盐岩地层的层间破碎带中。该矿床在成因类型上存在喷流-沉积成因、复合成因、矽卡岩成因等多种观点。本文以矽卡岩矿石中石榴子石、磁铁矿为研究对象,利用LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析技术开展了石榴子石U-Pb年代学和石榴子石、磁铁矿成分测试分析,以进一步限定该矿床成矿时代和成因类型。分析结果显示,石榴子石中U、Th、Pb的含量分别为1.18×10^-6～6.69×10^-6、0.04×10^-6～1.43×10^-6、0.11×10^-6～1.16×10^-6,获得Tera-Wasserburg下交点年龄为231.0±5.3 Ma(2σ,n=32,MSWD=2.1),与矿区花岗闪长岩形成时代高度一致。结合磁铁矿微量元素组成与全球矽卡岩型矿床可类比等特征,明确羊拉铜矿床属于典型矽卡岩型铜矿床。石榴子石以钙铁榴石组分为主,具轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的配分模式,这可能受晶体...