辫状河心滩内部夹层控制的剩余油分布物理模拟实验

针对砂质辫状河,采用水驱油物理模拟的手段,旨在总结心滩内部泥质夹层(落淤层与沟道)控制的剩余油分布模式。模拟结果显示,夹层延伸长度、注采井与夹层的匹配关系、射孔位置等因素均对剩余油分布有控制作用。夹层水平延伸长度越大,夹层顶部和底部剩余油富集范围越大;如果两组模拟试验注采井射孔层位相同,采油井钻遇夹层的情况下剩余油更为富集;在注水井全井段射孔的条件下,与采油井全井段射孔相比,采油井上部射孔夹层附近剩余油富集范围较大,采出程度较小。     

唐山M4.8级和宝坻M4.0级地震前的地电场异常变化

以2012年5月28日唐山M4．8级地震和6月18日天津市宝坻区M4．0级地震为研究对象,利用天津宝坻、静海及徐庄子地震台ZD9A大地电场仪的观测资料,使用地电场观测的同一测向长、短极距测值的比值法进行分钟值数据处理,结果表明地震前这3个台站地电场观测资料有不同程度的短临异常变化。     

中国极地考察站广域网通信建设与服务现状及展望

通过中国极地考察"十五"能力南极两站卫星通信网络系统项目的建设,我国南极考察站的广域网通信能力和站区网络通信能力已经有了很大提高。系统阐述南极两站的广域网通信现状,内容包括南极两站卫星通信链路的建设情况、考察站计算机网络系统建设情况以及该系统所提供的服务情况,涉及卫星通信、局域网以及VOIP等技术;对未来几年极地考察通信中可能会采用的通信技术建设提出建议。     

基于GPS的“雪龙”船冲击式破冰模式识别研究

"雪龙"号破冰船是我国目前唯一的极地考察船,破冰航行是极地船舶的重要特征之一。以"雪龙"号破冰船的GPS数据为基础,通过建立模型算法识别冲击式破冰这一特殊的航行状态,在整个中国第28次南极考察航次的数据分析中,整体识别率超过86.1%,识别正确率达到98%以上。利用此算法,在中国第27次南极考察航次的破冰识别率也超过85%,识别正确率达到93.5%。雪龙船两个航次实测GPS数据验证了本文算法的可用性,而破冰识别统计结果表明,不同航次的破冰模式具有较大的差异。     

Gravitational signature of rotationally distorted Jupiter caused by deep zonal winds

Both deep zonal winds, if they exist, and the basic rotational distortion of Jupiter contribute to its zonal gravity coefficients J_n for n ? 2. In order to capture the gravitational signature of Jupiter that is caused solely by its deep zonal winds, one must take into account the full effect of rotational distortion by computing the coefficients J_n in non-spherical geometry. This represents a difficult and challenging problem because the widely-used spherical-harmonic-expansion method becomes no longer suitable. Based on the model of a polytropic Jupiter with index unity, we compute Jupiter’s gravity coefficients J₂, J₄, J₆, … , J₁₂ taking into account the full effect of rotational distortion of the gaseous planet using a finite element method. For the model of deep zonal winds on cylinders parallel to the rotation axis, we also compute the variation of the gravity coefficients ΔJ₂, ΔJ₄, ΔJ₆, … , ΔJ₁₂ caused solely by the effect of the winds in non-spherical geometry. It is found that the effect of the zonal winds on lower-order coefficients is weak, ∣ΔJ_n/J_n∣ < 1%, for n = 2, 4, 6, but it is substantial for the high-degree coefficients with n ? 8.     

南极中山站至Dome A剖面表面雪样氧同位素组成

运用质谱技术 ,测定了南极中山站至 Dome A剖面 1 998/1 999年度表面雪样氧同位素组成。结果表明 ,表面雪样氧同位素组成变化范围相当大 (- 2 2 .5 1‰ - - 5 0 .6 7‰ ) ,且具有随距中山站距离逐渐增大、海拔高度逐渐增加而逐渐减小的趋势。线性回归分析显示表面雪样氧同位素组成与距中山站距离、海拔高度和纬度存在着很好的相关性 ,这实际上反映出稳定同位素组成和温度之间的密切联系     

中山站至内陆330公里冰川学剖面考察

１９９６～１９９７年南极夏季期间，中国组织实施了首次南极内陆冰盖冰川学考察，深入冰盖内陆３３０ｋｍ，作为中山站至南极内陆最高点ＤｏｍｅＡ大剖面研究计划的开始。计划将对冰盖物质平衡、２００年以来环境演化过程、冰雪／气交换过程等科学问题开展观测研究。本次考察进行了物质平衡、地貌、气象、雪坑地层观测，采集了表层、雪坑、冰雪芯样品。     

巢湖西北部水域的有机污染和富营养化

于1988年8月和1989年11月在巢湖西部的南淝河下游、河口及湖区采集水样,用GC/MS法分析,检出了酚类、农药、氯代烃类、脂肪烃、苯系物,以及多环芳烃等多种有机污染物,表明巢湖部分水域已受到污染。河水中检出的多环芳烃的浓度要比湖水中的高得多。实验室藻培养液的分析说明,湖水中存在的α-蒎烯、薁、二甲基二硫化物、6-甲基-2-庚酮是来源于生物的;湖水中存在的正十七烷也部分地来源于藻类活动。用富营养化水体作为水源经氯化处理生产自来水,会增加自来水中潜在致突变物质的含量。     

印度尼西亚库泰盆地下中新统混积序列特征研究

库泰盆地是印尼最大、最深的新生代裂谷盆地,也是印尼油气最富集的盆地之一.长期以来,对库泰盆地的勘探主要针对中-上中新统三角洲相沉积体系,对库泰盆地沉积地层的认识也主要集中于中中新统及以上地层,对下中新统及更深层系鲜有勘探认识.通过最新的钻探成果和野外地质考察,认为下中新统以滨海相沉积为主,自下而上形成了海相暗色泥岩-进...     

On the transition from the laminar to disordered flow in a precessing spherical-like cylinder

We investigate, through both asymptotic analysis and direct numerical simulation, precessionally driven flow of a homogeneous fluid confined in a fluid-filled circular cylinder that rotates rapidly about its symmetry axis and precesses about a different axis that is fixed in space. A particular emphasis is placed on a spherical-like cylinder whose diameter is nearly the same as its length. At this special aspect ratio, the strongest direct resonance occurs between the spatially simplest inertial mode and the precessional Poincaré forcing. An asymptotic analytical solution in closed form describing weakly precessing flow is derived in the mantle frame of reference for asymptotically small Ekman numbers. We also construct a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element model – which is validated against both the asymptotic solution and a constructed exact solution – for elucidating the nonlinear transition leading to disordered flow in the precessing spherical-like cylinder. Properties of both weakly and strongly precessing flows are investigated with the aid of a complete inertial-mode decomposition of the fully nonlinear solution. Despite a large effort being made, the well-known triadic resonance is not found in the precessing spherical-like cylinder. The energy contained in the precessionally forced inertial mode is primarily transferred, through nonlinear effects in the viscous boundary layers, to the geostrophic flow that becomes predominant when the precessional Poincaré force is sufficiently large. It is found that the nonlinear flow evolutes gradually and progressively from the laminar to disordered as the precessional force increases.