ON SOME NEOLITHIC (AND POSSIBLY PALAEOLITHIC) FINDS IN MONGOLIA,SINKIANG AND WEST CHINA

In the course of the past two years,when they were in the field with theThird American (1930) and the Haardt-Citroen (1931) Central Asiatic Expedi-tions,the authors of the present note had opportunities for making a series ofarchaeological observations ov     

Trace Element Data on Geostandards by Mass Spectrometric Isotope Dilution Technique

The stable isotope dilution technique using solid source mass spectrometry is described. The method is capable of high sensitivity, and can yield accurate determinations of elements in trace quantities. The method enjoys freedom from interference effects and systematic errors, and because of its high absolute accuracy it is ideal for the determination of trace elements in geochemical reference samples. A compilation of isotope dilution analyses on ten trace elements in a number of international standard rock samples carried out at the Western Australian Institute of Technology is presented.     

Lithology and palynology of Weichselian alluvial fan deposits near Eerbeek, The Netherlands

In a sandpit in an alluvial fan in the central Netherlands, four interstadials could be recognized. The upper two are ¹⁴C-dated and assigned to Hengelo and Moershoofd, while the lower two belong to either Odderade or Brorup. Lithological evidence suggested the existence of two zones indicative of permafrost separated by a zone in which running water was more important. The lower permafrost zone was found to be situated between the Moershoofd and Odderade interstadials, the younger zone to belong to the Upper Pleniglacial.     

Holocene palaeoenvironments at the timberline in the French Alps—a multidisciplinary approach

An attempt is made to reconstruct the palaeoenvironmental Holocene history at the timberline on the basis of the analysis of various palaeoecological proxy indicators available on a marshy area and its surroundings in the Taillefer Massif (Isère. France). The multidisciplinary approach involves analyses of pollen assemblages. plant macrofossils, coleoptera remains. subfossil trunks extracted from lakes or peat-bogs. and charcoals derived from the surrounding soils. This enables definition of the respective roles of five forest taxa ( Pinus uncinata Mill., Pinus cembra L., Larix decidua Mill., Abies alba Mill, and Picea abies L. Karsten) in the evolution of high altitude forests during the Holocene. Pinus uncinata was present on the plateau throughout the Holocene. Larix and Pinus cembra were present only during two periods: 7500-5000 BP and 3500-2000 BP. All trees disappeared from the plateau at about 2000 BP, while, at lower altitude. Abies was replaced by Picea. The action of both climate and early human impact can explain these changes.     

The sulfides in the garnet pyroxenite xenoliths from Salt Lake Crater, Oahu

Trace amounts of sulfide, ranging from 0?06 to 0?26 volume percent, are present in the garnet pyroxenite xenoliths in nephelinebasalt at Salt Lake Crater, Oahu, Hawaii. Microscopic studyrevealed the existence of three chemically and physically distinctsulfide types, i.e. enclosed, interstitial, and vein sulfides.The enclosed sulfide forms spherical inclusions in primary pyroxene,garnet, ilmenite, and spinel. It has a bi-modal chemical character,which may be in part due to alteration of some of the enclosedsulfide grains by the nepheline basalt host magma, but moreprobably represent Cu-Ni-rich sulfide liquid coexisting withCu-rich monosulfide solid solution. The interstitial sulfideis uni-modal and occurs in the interstices of the primary silicates.It has been subjected to intense chemical alteration by thenepheline basalt host magma. As a result the interstitial sulfidebecame Cu-poor with a varying Ni content, which indicates thatcomplete chemical equilibrium with the basalt host magma hasnot been attained. The vein sulfide, present as fracture fillings, is of late genesisand appears to represent partly altered enclosed sulfide. Thealteration process is the same as that which affected the interstitialsulfide. The mineralogy and chemistry of the enclosed sulfide suggeststhat the xenoliths have been abruptly cooled from about 1000?C, which represents the ejection of the xenoliths from thehost basalt magma.     

山西河南间第三纪末及第四纪地层研究

从汾河谷中观察与从潼关以下黄河谷中所见者相符即此二谷中第四纪地层显然分为二段在下者为三门系其时代为上新统之上部或更新统即洪积统之下部在上者为主要黄土(以後续成者不计)其时代属更新统之中部或上部在汾河谷之中心山门系砂砾较多每呈洪水冲积之状但在岸旁斜坡则成黄土例如插图3A 所示者其黄土之下部似实与三门系相当盖此带红色之黄土中曾得含有?齿类骨之结核此物昔曾见于甘肃陕西黄土之底部而呈曾经搬移之状可见含此之层当在真正黄土之前动物骨中又有一种与泥河湾所见同凡此皆证明其非真正黄士也因此可知三门系同一时代能呈不同之状态在三门者为河成在泥河湾者为湖成而在汾河谷中则又见其有洪水冲积及黄土状之二态为三门系之下为蓬蒂层)Pontien)亦能呈诸状态成土状时则为含三趾马之红土成洪水冲积老汾河峡谷及河南新安陕西榆林曾见之潼关含Melania 之层为其湖成态茲将蓬蒂期三门期及黄土期三期之各种变态列表如下蓬蒂期之蜗牛往往较大壳呈被溶状中有方解石结晶壳色深褐若黄土中之蜗牛则常极洁白热河以北达贲诺尔在三趾马红土以上复有白色土层亦含三趾马此系局部特别现象蓬蒂三门黄土三期为同一地质现象之错见或复见即北方各大流域之?成及充积是也三期间之分隔则似前二期间视後二期间为较显     

PALAEONTOLOGICAL NOTES

During the winter of 1925, E. Licent and G. Barbour collected, along the Sangkan. ho, in the Qnadrula beds of the Sanmen series, a number