2006年青海玉树地震类型和发震构造分析

2006年7月18和19日在青海玉树相继发生了5.0、5.6和5.4级地震。本文通过玉树地震台记录的地震波形及青海省地震台网监测结果分析该地震事件属于震群型地震;通过现场考察及宏观烈度区、余震分布和震源机制解、区域构造分析认为发震构造为乌兰乌拉湖-玉树构造带。     

Prediction of imbibition from grain-scale interface movement

Processes in porous media governed by capillary forces, such as drainage or imbibition of wetting phase, are of great importance in different branches of soil science, petroleum engineering and hydrology. In this work we describe a new way of modeling imbibition by considering the movement and merger of interfaces at the pore level. The model is based upon a physically consistent dynamic criterion for the imbibition of a single pore originally proposed by Melrose.     

North American farmland protection strategies in retrospect

The arenas in which farmland protection strategies have developed in North America vary in terms of perceptions of the farmland resource and the role of planning, and in terms of administrative structures. Administratively, farmland protection strategies have developed in a variety of structures, ranging from the very decentralized ones of many US states to the more centralized, though still mixed, ones found in some Canadian provinces. Farmland protection strategies can thus be investigated in terms of how they address a variety of fundamental issues. Difficult questions are raised by policy evaluation, e.g. are objectives coherent, how do objectives relate to goals and objectives for other land uses and what would have happened in the absence of the program? It is argued that, while it is essential to encourage more analyses of how results, e.g. farmland removal rates, relate to stated objectives, it is equally important to study the decision-making process of implementation to establish both stated and implied objectives and therefore how farmland protection strategies relate to the broader land use planning and management context for other land uses.     

Effect of Carbonation and Drying-Wetting Cycles on Chloride Diffusion Behavior of Coral Aggregate Seawater Concrete

Based on seawater immersion,drying-wetting cycles,carbonation and drying-wetting cycles for coral aggregate sea-water concrete(CASC)with different strength grades,the effect of carbonation and drying-wetting cycles on chloride diffusion be-havior of CASC is studied.The results show that the free surface chloride concentration(Cs),free chloride diffusion coefficient(Df)and time-dependent index(m)of CASC in the drying-wetting cycles is obviously higher than that in seawater immersion.The Df and m of CASC of carbonation and drying-wetting cycles is higher than that in the drying-wetting cycles.Carbonation increases the Df and m of CASC,which is against CASC to resist chloride corrosion.The corrosion possibility of CASC structures in different ex-posed areas is as follows:splash zone(carbonation and drying-wetting cycles)>tidal zone(drying-wetting cycles)>underwater zone(seawater immersion).Besides,the chloride diffusion rate of C65-CASC is 17.8%-63.4%higher than that of C65-ordinary aggre-gate concrete(OAC)in seawater immersion(underwater zone).Therefore,anti-corrosion measures should be adopted to improve the service life of CASC structure in the oceanic environment.     

强降温对设施农业影响风险研究

强降温天气对设施农业生产影响很大、风险较高。为了减少和降低强降温对设施农业的危害,提高设施农业生产应对强降温天气的处置和抗风险能力,采用关中东部设施农业生长季(当年11月—次年4月)11个气象站1961—2015年逐日平均气温、最低气温资料和同期灾情资料,基于ARCGIS平台,研究强降温对设施农业的影响和风险。结果表明:对于设施农业来说,24 h降温≥10℃的高风险区在白水、澄城和合阳,24 h降温≥8℃的高风险区在白水、澄城、合阳、蒲城和潼关。潼关种植设施农业的强降温风险高,不适宜大面积种植设施农业。蒲城设施蔬菜大棚24 h降温8℃的风险高,应采取措施加以应对。对设施农业来说,要高度重视11月和3—4月的强降温天气。另外,1—2月应重视持续低温造成的影响,11—12月要考虑强降温伴随的大风、降雪的综合影响。     

藏北羌塘盆地侏罗纪含颗石藻黑色岩系地球化学特征与地质意义

藏北羌塘盆地侏罗系发育一套富含有机质的黑色岩系,化石较为丰富而倍受地质学家关注。本文选择双湖地区毕洛错剖面,从有机地球化学和元素地球化学方面分析富含颗石藻黑色岩系特征。研究表明,研究区黑色岩系有机碳含量为2.84%~3.71%,氯仿沥青"A"含量为0.18%~0.29%。有机质类型为Ⅱ1型,母质主要来源于浮游生物及少量陆生植物,Tmax为429~435℃,显示该套岩系处于未成熟阶段。研究区样品的主量元素Si、Al、Ca等元素较富集,表明该套黑色岩系以陆源碎屑输入为主;V/Cr、U/Th、Ni/Co、V/(Ni+V)特征比值、U和Mo的富集以及Eu和Ce无明显异常,反映了该套黑色岩系主要沉积在弱还原环境,有利于有机质保存。以上研究表明,研究区含颗石藻黑色岩系为较好的烃源岩,保存条件较好,可以作为进一步勘探开发的有利烃源岩层。     

MATLAB及其在扇区水泥胶结测井(SBT)资料成像处理中的应用

MATLAB是集数学、图形处理和程序语言设计于一体的著名数学软件。它以矩阵为基本的数值计算单元,对数据进行分析处理、可视化等。利用这些优点,在MATLAB界面下编程处理扇区水泥胶结测井(SBT)现场采集的测量资料,最终以图像方式显示了套管井中0°~360°的套管波衰减数据。将处理结果与Atlas专用处理软件的处理结果进行分析对比,表明两者具有良好的一致性。     

福建漳平北坑场钼多金属矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄

福建漳平钼多金属矿床位于闽西南晚古生代坳陷东缘。中生代以来,闽西南坳陷经历了强烈的构造岩浆作用的改造,并伴随多期次成矿作用的发生。已有同位素年代学研究成果表明该区存在早侏罗世、中侏罗世以及早白垩世成矿作用,但缺少与晚侏罗世大规模岩浆作用相关的成矿年代学记录。本文选取漳平北坑场钼多金属矿床开展辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素年代学研究。根据Re-Os同位素测年结果,结合矿床围岩蚀变及矿化特征以及与岩体的相互关系,指出钼矿化的形成经历了多个成矿阶段,其中小规模的矿化发生在148.8±2.2Ma。主矿化阶段形成的矿床以细脉或网脉状赋存于下二叠统翠屏山组石英细砂岩中,其等时线年龄为139.8±2.3Ma~143.7±2.1Ma,为晚侏罗世~早白垩世成矿。成矿物质主要来源于特提斯向环太平洋构造域转换后闽西南地区晚侏罗世－早白垩世壳源花岗岩浆。