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991.
利用陕甘宁交界地区测震台网记录到的2009—2018年4423个近震波形资料,采用衰减结构层析成像方法对该地区地壳Q_S值进行成像分析,获得了陕甘宁交界地区地壳衰减模型,分析讨论了Q_S值分布与活动断裂及强震活动等之间的关系。结果显示,陕甘宁交界地区地壳剪切波衰减横向变化显著,整体上,海原-六盘山构造带和西秦岭构造带地壳Q_S值相对偏低,鄂尔多斯盆地和陇中盆地地壳Q_S值相对较高。活动构造带和活动断裂交汇区呈现低Q_S值,结合前人研究成果,推断这与活动断裂带及交汇区地壳岩石较为破碎且富含流体有关。有历史地震记录以来,研究区6级以上地震大多分布在高、低Q_S值的过渡区,分析认为这与"硬"、"软"地壳介质交界处容易积累地震应变能有关。研究区域低Q_S值分布与低横波速度和低电阻率区的主要分布特征较为一致,但是与大地热流研究结果存在区域性差异。 相似文献
992.
Fabrizio Antonioli Luigi Ferranti Kurt Lambeck Steve Kershaw Vladimiro Verrubbi Giuseppe Dai Pra 《Tectonophysics》2006,422(1-4):23-40
A combination of published and new radiometric dates on uplifted Holocene fossil beaches from northeastern Sicily and southern Calabria (southern Italy) is compared with the altitude of the inner margin of the Last Interglacial (LIg) (Late Pleistocene, 124 ka) and older marine terraces in order to gain a regional-scale outline of uplift rates and their temporal changes in a region which is one of the fastest uplifting sectors of the Central Mediterranean Sea. Late Holocene radiocarbon dates from Ioppolo (southern Calabria) and Ganzirri (northeast Sicily), two newly discovered sites are here presented for the first time. The Holocene uplift rates are highest at St. Alessio and Taormina in eastern Sicily (2.4 mm/y) and at Scilla in southwestern Calabria (2.1 mm/y), two sites located across the Messina Straits and which separate the island of Sicily from mainland Italy. Uplift rates decrease towards the south and north from this centre of uplift. Late Holocene uplift rates show an apparent increase of between 64 and 124% when compared with the longer-term uplift rates calculated from the LIg highstand terraces. Furthermore, we discovered that the locations of fastest Late Pleistocene and Late Holocene uplift rates spatially coincide. To what extent the Holocene increase in uplift rates results from incomplete elastic strain release along the major extensional faults which frame the seismotectonic of the area, or indicate a true change in regional tectonic processes, is not resolved. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity of uplift, with a well-defined centre that crosses the Messina Straits, and its persistence at different time-scales indicates a tight connection between wider regional processes and fault-related displacement in controlling crustal instability in this area. 相似文献
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山体效应及其对林线分布的影响(英文) 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
The concept of mass elevation effect(massenerhebungseffect,MEE) was intro-duced by A.de Quervain about 100 years ago to account for the observed tendency for temperature-related parameters such as tree line and snowline to occur at higher elevations in the central Alps than on their outer margins.It also has been widely observed in other ar-eas of the world,but there have not been significant,let alone quantitative,researches on this phenomenon.Especially,it has been usually completely neglected in developing fitting mod-els of timberline elevation,with only longitude or latitude considered as impacting factors.This paper tries to quantify the contribution of MEE to timberline elevation.Considering that the more extensive the land mass and especially the higher the mountain base in the interior of land mass,the greater the mass elevation effect,this paper takes mountain base elevation(MBE) as the magnitude of MEE.We collect 157 data points of timberline elevation,and use their latitude,longitude and MBE as independent variables to build a multiple linear regres-sion equation for timberline elevation in the southeastern Eurasian continent.The results turn out that the contribution of latitude,longitude and MBE to timberline altitude reach 25.11%,29.43%,and 45.46%,respectively.North of northern latitude 32°,the three factors’ contribu-tion amount to 48.50%,24.04%,and 27.46%,respectively;to the south,their contribution is 13.01%,48.33%,and 38.66%,respectively.This means that MBE,serving as a proxy indi-cator of MEE,is a significant factor determining the elevation of alpine timberline.Compared with other factors,it is more stable and independent in affecting timberline elevation.Of course,the magnitude of the actual MEE is certainly determined by other factors,including mountain area and height,the distance to the edge of a land mass,the structures of the mountains nearby.These factors need to be included in the study of MEE quantification in the future.This paper could help build up a high-accuracy and multi-scale elevation model for alpine timberline and even other altitudinal belts. 相似文献
996.
基于DEA和Malmquist指数模型的中国资源型城市效率及其变化(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Employing DEA model and Malmquist productivity index, this paper probes into the urban efficiencies of 24 typical resources-based cities in China and their changes from 2000 to 2008. The research finds that the overall efficiencies of the resources-based cities are just at a general level, and only a few of them reach the optimal level. The scale efficiency is the major determining factor of the achievement of overall efficiency, the effect of which, never-theless, is reducing. From the perspective of classification characteristics, the re-sources-based cities in northeastern region have been in the front rank in terms of overall efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. There is a certain positive correlation between urban population scale and urban efficiency. The analysis of urban efficiency changes shows that the changes in overall efficiency of resources-based cities from 2000 to 2008 had a weak improving tendency. Both the technical change index and productivity change index decreased, indicating that the urban efficiency did not improve during this pe-riod, and the tendency of technical recession and productivity decline was obvious. In terms of the classification of urban efficiency changes, the urban overall efficiency improved in each of the four regions from 2000 to 2008, among which western region witnessed the greatest increase. Cities with different resource types have improved their urban overall efficiencies except steel-based cities. The urban overall efficiency increased in resources-based cities of different scales, with greater improvement in small and medium-sized cities than in big cities. 相似文献
997.
B. Z. Dai X. H. Li Z. M. Liu B. K. Zhang W. W. Na Y. F. Wu J. M. Hao Y. Xiang Z. J. Jiang L. Zhang 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,392(3):1181-1192
The long baseline simultaneous multiband ( BVRI ) observations of blazar 3C 273 are presented. We have made 758 optical multiband observations with the Yunnan Astronomical Observatory (YAO) 103 cm and Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO) 156 cm from 2003 January to 2005 April. In our observational campaign, the average colour indices are B − V = 0.21, V − R = 0.26 and R − I = 0.31 . The mean magnitudes in B, V, R and I are 12.895, 12.698, 12.441 and 12.139, respectively. The source is in a steady state over observational campaign. The correlations between colour index and brightness are discussed. We find that the correlations of B − V versus B , V − R versus V and R − I versus R have significant negative correlation, while B − V versus V , V − R versus R and R − I versus I have positive correlation. These strong correlations imply that the spectrum becomes bluer (flatter) when the source becomes brighter, and redden (softer) when the source fades both in intraday and long-term variability. The spectral evolution trends of 3C 273 are consistent with those of BL Lac objects. 相似文献
998.
We develop a numerical solver for the integral–differential equations, which describe the radiative transfer of photon distribution in the frequency space with resonant scattering of Lyα photons by hydrogen gas in the early universe. The time-dependent solutions of this equation is crucial to the estimation of the effect of the Wouthuysen–Field (WF) coupling in relation to the 21 cm emission and absorption at the epoch of reionization. However, the time-dependent solutions of this equation have not yet been well performed. The resonant scattering leads to the photon distribution in the frequency space to be piecewise smooth containing sharp changes. The weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme is suitable to handle this problem, as this algorithm has been found to be highly stable and robust for solving Boltzmann equation. We test this numerical solver by (1) the analytic solutions of the evolution of the photon distribution in rest background; (2) the analytic solution in expanding background, but without resonant scattering; (3) the formation of local Boltzmann distribution around the resonant frequency with the temperature to be the same as that of atom for recoil. We find that the evolution of the photon distribution due to resonant scattering with and without recoil generally undergoes three phases. First, the profile of the photon distribution is similar to the initial one. Second, an extremely flat plateau (without recoil) or local Boltzmann distribution (with recoil) form around the resonant frequency, and the width and height of the flat plateau or local Boltzmann distribution increase with time. Finally, the distribution around the resonant frequency is saturated when the photons from the source is balanced by the redshift of the expansion. This result indicates that the onset of the W–F coupling should not be determined by the third phase, but by the time scale of the second phase. We found that the time scale of the W–F coupling is equal to about a few hundreds of the mean free flight time of photons with resonant frequency, and it basically is independent of the Sobolev parameter if this parameter is much less than 1. 相似文献
999.
包含CO2因子的冠层光合作用简化模型及其关键参数数值敏感分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用美国Licor公司生产的Li-6200便携式光合作用测定仪对冬小麦叶片光合作用进行了较为系统的测定研究,在实测资料支持下建立了包含CO2因子的叶片和冠层光合作用模型,验证结果表明,模型具有较高准确性.利用模型对CO2影响参数μ进行数值敏感分析,结果表明:对叶片光合而言,μ=0.83时叶片光合作用模型拟合最好,随μ减小或增大,拟合精度均下降;对冠层光合而言,μ=0.83时模拟光合日总量达到最大值,μ减小或增大,光合日总量均下降.多因子数值分析表明:在辐射值较大的状况下,μ对冠层光合的影响更为显著. 相似文献
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